Biology Unit 4 Quiz 2

binary fission

The simplest form of asexual reproduction is called ________________________________________________________. budding regeneration binary fission multiple fission reproduction by conidia

Mitosis

______________________ is a type of cell division used in asexual reproduction.

stems leaves roots

(Select all that apply.) Cuttings used for growing plants may be taken from which of the following? stems flowers leaves roots

mitosphore

A ______________________________ is a spore that develops by mitosis.

conidia

A special kind of asexual spore found in many kinds of fungi.

True

Grafting is an ancient practice. True False

stolon

A ____________________ is a stem growing from a plant that periodically produces new stems and leaves on one side and roots on the other.

False

The new plant produced by the technique of layering must remain attached to the stem of the original plant. True False

scion

The part of a desired plant inserted into rootstock during grafting is called the ________________

layering

The technique of developing roots on a stem of a plant while that stem is still attached to the parent plant. After a new root system is established the new plant is cut away from the parent plant and planted.

Multiple fission

________________________________________________________________ is the division of a parent cell into a number of daughter cells all at once.

True

A common fruit that can only reproduce asexually is Thompson seedless grapes. True False

root cutting

A cutting made from the root of a plant which develops adventitious buds and grows into a new plant.

budding

A kind of asexual reproduction involving the growth of a new individual from part of an older organism. It can also refer to uneven distribution of cells that results in one cell receiving most of cell contents. In grafting, budding involves reducing the scion to a singular bud.

regeneration

A phenomenon in which organisms break into two or more parts and then each part grows into a new individual.

adventitious

A root which develops from stem or leaf tissue instead of root tissue is said to be _____________________________________

corm

A short, solid, enlarged underground stem used for food storage and for asexual reproduction.

mitospore

A spore that develops by mitosis.

root

A successful cutting requires that the new plant acquire its own ______________

False

A successful scion will produce the product of the rootstock with greater quality. True False

False

An advantage of grafting is to increase the quality of the rootstock. True False

True

If you develop a particular flower which cannot be reproduced from seeds, it could be preserved by grafting. True False

False

Large variations in a crop may be developed by employing asexual reproduction. True False

propagation

The act of propagating or establishing and growing new plants.

regeneration

When an organism of many cells breaks up into two or more parts, and when these parts survive to produce a new organism, reproduction occurs by _____________________________________

stem cutting

A cutting of stem tissue used to grow a new plant.

unicellular

One-celled.

bulb

An onion or daffodil reproduces by means of an underground structure called a ____________

False

Colonies occur when an animal produces many young asexually and they become detached from the original (parent) animal and result as an independent mass. True False

central disk

The central portion of a starfish. The arms of a starfish radiate from the central disk.

binary fission

asexual reproduction in which a single cell divides into two with no exchange of genetic material; reproduction method of bacteria

tuber

A fleshy, enlarged stem of a rhizome or stolon. It has buds and can grow new plants.

protist

A one- or few-celled organism with chromosomes. Many have characteristics of both animals and plants.

tuber

A fleshy, enlarged end of a rhizome or stolon is called a __________________

unbelief grafted graft

"And they also, if they abide not still in ______________, shall be _____________________ in: for God is able to ______________ them in again. For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert graffed contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be natural branches, be graffed into their own olive tree." Romans 11:23-24

rhizome

A _______________________ is a horizontal stem at or just beneath the surface of the ground which can give rise to roots or stems.

colony

A group of organisms attached to one another after undergoing asexual reproduction from a common parent.

rhizome

A horizontal stem at or just beneath the surface of the ground which can give rise to aerial stems, roots, or to more rhizome tissue. Rhizomes are a principal means of asexual reproduction in many plants.

multiple fission

A kind of asexual reproduction in which a single cell undergoes many mitotic divisions in the nucleus and a number of daughter cells are produced all at once.

bulb

A plant structure with enlarged leaf bases and stored food surrounding a central bit of fleshy stem tissue.

corm

A short, vertical, solid, or fleshy stem possessed by gladiolus and which is used in reproduction is termed a _______________

spore

A small, resistant cell that can grow into a new organism. They may be produced either by meiosis or mitosis.

stolon

A stem which grows out from a plant periodically producing new stems and leaves on one side, and roots on the other. It is a means of asexual reproduction.

leaf cutting

A technique in horticulture using a cutting made from a leaf or leaf tissue to grow a new plant.

grafting

A technique used in horticulture in which a part of the stem or a bud is inserted into a plant with a good root system. The inserted portion of the stem or the bud then becomes the top part of the plant, and it uses the root system it was grafted into.

egg-laying

All of the following are basic types of asexual reproduction in lower organisms except: budding regeneration egg-laying binary fission multiple fission reproduction by spores

True

Asexual reproduction always yields offspring which are identical to their parent. True False

False

Asexual reproduction requires gametes but not fertilization. True False

reproduction with only one parent reproduction at a rapid rate reproduction genetically of identical offspring reproduction in harsh climates

Four principal advantages of asexual reproduction are: reproduction with only one parent reproduction at a rapid rate reproduction utilizing many different genotypes reproduction genetically of identical offspring reproduction in harsh climates reproduction producing a variety of phenotypes

True

Nearly all plants can be reproduced asexually. True False

True

Occasionally asexual reproduction can cause undesirable proliferation of an organism. True False

budding

Offspring which arise as a contiguous outgrowth of the parent is called ______________________

vascular plant

Plant which has true conductive tissues within it. It usually has true roots, stems, and leaves.

adventitious

Refers to the appearance of buds or roots from tissue which is not bud or root tissue. Adventitious roots appear from stem or leaf tissue, and adventitious buds appear in root tissue.

scion

The portion of a plant with buds, that is placed into the stock by grafting or budding.

root stock

The portion of a plant with the root system used in grafting.

stem

The portion of the vascular plant which has the majority of the methods of asexual reproduction occurring in it is called the ____________.

multiple fission

The process of a parent cell dividing into a large number of genetically identical cells all at once is known as ___________________________________________________________________. multiple fission regeneration binary fission reproduction by spores budding