Chapter 16: Leadership and Change

Based on Conger and Kanungo's model to differentiate charismatic from non charismatic leaders, arrange the steps taken by charismatic leaders in the correct order of occurance.

1.) They throughly analyze the current situation and spot problems with the status quo 2.) they express a vision that represents a change from the status quo 3.) they increase trust in their vision and goals by personal example, risk taking, and their total commitment to the vision

Which of the following is not true?

A charismatic leader's vision is typically limited to grand social movements.

Which type of leader is not likely to be a transformational leader?

An individual who is not emotionally expressive

Which of the following is true?

Articulating a clear and compelling vision of the fire is important

In the context of resistance to organizational change, identify the ways in which leaders can help followers deal with their frustration.

By ensuring that followers gain proficiency with the new systems and skills as quickly as possible. By setting realistic expectations By demonstrating a high degree of patience

In Beer's model of organizational change, 'C' refers to the amount of ___.

Change

Good ___ ___ outlines the sequence of events, key deliverables, time lines, responsible parties, metrics, and feedback needed to achieve new organizational goals.

Change plan

Which of the following is not true of charisma?

Charisma is a reaction that leaders have toward followers

Which of the following is not true of charisma?

Charisma is a reaction that leaders have toward followers.

In which type of authority system must leaders project an image of success in order for followers to believe they possess superhuman qualities?

Charismatic

Which of the following is not true?

Charismatic leaders need only to have vision, not share vision.

Which is true of charismatic leaders and social networks?

Charismatic leaders usually play a more central role and have bigger social networks.

According to Beer's model of organizational change, leaders can increase the amount of change by doing all of the following except which?

Decreasing the level of dissatisfaction

Which of the following situations is likely to diminish transformational leadership?

Downsizing

Which of the following is a key component to the model (M) variable in Beer's model for organizational change?

Environmental scanning

The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) is a 360-degree feedback instrument that assesses ___ transformational and three transactional factors and a no leadership factor.

Five

Which of the following is not true of charismatic leaders and their followers?

Followers are less willing to subordinate themselves to the leader.

Transformational leaders in a firm build trust in their leadership and the attainability of their goals through a(n) ___ of seemingly unshakeable self-confidence, strength of moral conviction, personal example and self-sacrifice, and unconventional tactics or behavior.

Image

Which of the following are indicated by results of studies on transformational and transactional or laissez-faire leadership?

Leadership is negatively correlated with effectiveness Transformational leadership is a better predictor of organizational effectiveness than transactional or laissez faire leadership

Which authority system is reflected in the ability of Mike Pompeo, in his position as U.S Secretary of State, to take certain actions?

Legal-rational

A reason why followers might resist organizational change is fear of loss. Match the common losses with the change with the possible leader actions associated with them.

Loss of power: demonstrating empathy, good listening skills, and new ways to build authority. Loss of competence: offering coaching, mentoring, training, peer coaching, job aids, and so forth Loss of relationships: helping employees build new associations before change occurs or soon thereafter Loss of identify: demonstrating empathy and emphasizing the value of new roles

The single most important work on early work in charismatic leadership was written by

Max Weber

The ___ component of the change model is where a change interactive becomes tangible and actionable because it consists of the development and execution of the change plan.

Process

In which stage might you question whether your company knew what it was doing by letting you go, and perhaps rationalize that they would probably be calling you back?

Rejection

Which of the following is not part of the SARA model?

Resistance

The reactions to change of shock, anger, rejection, and acceptance refer to the ___ model.

Sara

The "S" in the SARA model refers to

Shock

In the context of the rational approach to organizational change, which of the following occurs when leaders act to optimize their part of the organization at the expense of sub-optimizing the organization's overall effectiveness?

Siloed thinking

Spam of control, team composition, and hierarchy are all part of which component?

Structure

A leader who anticipates that problems could occur in manufacturing or customer service after changes are implemented to the compensation system to motivate sales people is using the ___ ___ approach.

Systems thinking

The ___ approach asks the leaders to look at an organization as a set of interlocking systems, and explains how changes in one system can have intended and unintended consequences for other parts of the organization.

Systems thinking

Which of the following statements about a company's vision is most likely false?

The final destination for an organization is identified in its vision

What is the underlying cause for a huge percentage of failed change initiatives?

The leader is unable or unwilling to address organizational culture and capabilities issues.

In the context of organizational change, match the various aspects of an organization with their descriptions

The organization's vision: helps the organization make choices about what it should and should not do, the kind of people it should hire and retain, the rules bf which it should operate, and so on. The organization's goal: spells out specifically what the organization is trying to accomplish and when it will be accomplished.

Which of the following has been indicated by results of studies that have used the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) to investigate transformational and transactional leadership?

There seem to be a higher number of transformational leaders in lower levels of the military or public sector organizations than anywhere else

According to Avolio and Bass's theory of transformational and transactional leadership, which of the following are characteristics of transformational leaders?

They convince followers to act for the collective good of the group They increase followers awareness of goals and the ways to achieve them

Which of the following is not true about followers regard for their charismatic leader's authority?

They have significant doubts about their role in achieving the vision

In which type of system is the transfer of authority based on traditions such as the passing of power from the king to the first born son upon the king's death?

Traditional

According to Bass, which type of leader motivates followers by setting goals and promising rewards for desired performance?

Transactional

The type of leadership described by James McGregor Burns as occurring when leaders and followers were in some kind of exchange relationship to get needs met is ___ leadership.

Transactional

Which type of leaders are adept at reframing issues?

Transformational

___ leadership skill involves behaviors associated with being able to successfully flex and adjust to changing situations.

adaptive

A strong emotional reaction to, identification with, and belief in some leaders by followers refers to

charisma

In which authority system do people derive authority because of their exemplary characteristics?

charismatic

The most important situational factor associated with charismatic leadership is the presence or absence of a

crisis

There is often a temporary drop in performance or productivity as followers learn new systems and skills. This difference between initial expectations and reality is called the ___-___ gap and can be the source of considerable frustration.

expectation, performance

Feelings of empowerment and heightened emotional levels are part of which component of the interactional framework?

follower

Followers' emotions are the fuel for organizational change, and change often requires a considerable amount of fuel. The key for leadership practitioners is to _____.

increase dissatisfaction to the point where followers are inclined to take action

Charismatic leaders in an organization are able to stir followers feelings, and this heightened emotional level results in ___.

increased levels of effort and performance

Which of the following is not a characteristic a charismatic leader must have to be successful?

inflexible

In a ___ authority system, a person possesses authority not because of tradition or birthright, but because of the laws that govern the position occupied.

legal-rational

Which of the following leader actions would least likely increase follower dissatisfaction levels?

lowering employee performance levels

Attributions of charisma will spread _______ in organizations having well-established social networks as compared to those without well-established networks.

more quickly

Which of the following is not one of the three types of authority systems identified by Max Weber?

political/legal

In which component of the change model does the change initiative become tangible and actionable?

process

The use of ___ communication is not preferred by charismatic leaders?

rational discourse

In the ___ stage of coping with change, you start to question whether the company really knew what it was doing by letting you go and perhaps rationalize that they will probably be calling you back.

rejection

In an organizational context, transformational leaders build trust in their leadership and the attainability of their goals by ___.

showing commitment to followers' needs over self-interest

When leaders act to optimize their part of the organization at the expense of suboptimizing the organization's overall effectiveness, the leader is using _________ thinking.

siloed

When the head of sales changes the sales compensation plan because she believed her sole concern was annual revenues, she is using _____ thinking.

siloed

Crisis, organizational culture, competitive threats, and societal shifts are all part of which component of the interactional framework?

situation

In the context of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), which of the following is assessed by the five transformational leadership factors?

the degree to which a leader instills pride in others

The most important and overlooked situational variable affecting charismatic leadership is

time

The authority system in which traditions or unwritten laws of the society dictate who has authority and how this authority can be used is the ___ authority system.

traditional

Leadership that typically does not result in organizational or societal change, but rather perpetuates and legitimizes the status quo is called ___ leadership.

transactional

According to Burns, ___ occurs when leaders and followers are in some type of exchange relationship to get needs met.

transactional leadership

Leadership that changes the status quo by appealing to followers values and their sense of higher purpose can best be described as ___.

transformational

Strategic goals are reflected in the ___ component.

vision