SHRM-CP Chapter 14

Which of the following should a business use when it wants to compare several products with each other? a. Doughnut chart b. Column chart c. Pie chart d. Line graph

Column chart

In the chart shown, the number of representatives who were from the Liberal party was _ a. 231 b. 98 c. 54 d. 133

133

In the graph shown, if the object has traveled for five (5.0) seconds, the speed of the object will be approximately _____. a. 0 m/s (the object is standing still) b. 12 m/s c. 30 m/s d. You cannot tell from the information shown.

30 m/s

What type of primary research is being carried out when an individual asks questions to collect specific facts, opinions, and attitudes? a. An Interview b. A Poll c. A Survey d. An Investigation e. An Analysis

A Survey

Surveys are done to understand a. A sample of the population as they are. b. A sample of the population when manipulated. c. An experimental vs. archival study. d. The effects of increasing a variable. e. Already completed testing.

A sample of the population as they are

According to the lesson, what is a focus group? a. An eye exercise to check to see how the pupil is focusing on objects b. A group of people who meditate and focus on specific topics c. A way for two or more people to respond to questions about a product, service, or idea d. A group of a company that is responsible for specific outcomes and project management

A way for two or more people to respond to questions about a product, service, or idea

What is one benefit of a focus group that was discussed in the lesson? a. Parents and children always participate together, giving them a bonding experience b. Focus groups are conducted first thing in the morning and are always done by noon c. Allows a company to get first-hand, candid responses to their products from a group of people d. Gives people a chance to have a break from their normal jobs and come have snacks

Allows a company to get first-hand, candid responses to their products from a group of people

All of the following statements are TRUE, EXCEPT: a. An outlier is likely to skew the median more than the mean of a sample. b. A good sample should be representative of the population. c. The mean is also known as the average. d. An outlier is likely to skew the mean of a sample.

An outlier is likely to skew the median more than the mean of a sample

LaToya looked for patterns and themes in the answers she got from the customers she had visited. What was LaToya doing? a. Re-evaluating the initial goals b. Finalizing recommendations c. Analyzing quantitative information d. Analyzing qualitative information

Analyzing qualitative information

A meta-analysis is a specific type of a. Survey b. Experiment c. Archival study d. Questionnaire e. Observation

Archival study

No correlation between two sets of data means all of the following EXCEPT: a. The two data sets are not related. b. The correlation coefficient is 0 or close to 0. c. The data sets do not increase or decrease with one another. d. As one set of data increases, the other set decreases.

As one set of data increases, the other set decreases

A company wants to show how fast its cars can accelerate when compared with the competition. Which chart should it use to convey this information? a. Line graph b. Bar chart c. Pie chart d. Doughnut chart

Bar chart

How are participants compensated for their time? a. It is unethical to compensate focus group participants b. Participants paid a set amount for each positive response they provide c. Focus groups get a life-time supply of the product they are reviewing d. Compensation may be in money, gift certificates, tickets, or free food

Compensation may be in money, gift certificates, tickets, or free food

Descriptive statistics are used to: a. Depict data succinctly. b. Categorize data. c. Consolidate data. d. Skew data.

Depict data succinctly

Implying or inferring certain recommendations is the ability to do what? a. Conducting analysis b. Drawing conclusions c. Answering questions d. Applying data

Drawing conclusions

What survey technique is being used when professionals are interviewed about a specific problem? a. Mail Survey b. Executive Survey c. Personal Survey d. Store Intercept Survey e. Academic Survey

Executive Survey

A researcher needs to understand if a new type of antidepressant medication works when compared to people not taking it. This is an example of which kind of study? a. Observational b. Experiment c. Survey d. Archival e. Not a real study

Experiment

When baking, Gail always sets her oven 50 degrees hotter than the recipe requires because her oven's thermometer is consistently 50 degrees off. Which statement below best describes this situation? a. Gail's oven is not reliable but correct. b. Gail's oven is reliable but not correct. c. Gail's oven is not reliable and not correct. d. Gail's oven is reliable and correct.

Gail's oven is reliable but not correct

Which factor was not discussed as being something to consider when utilizing a focus group? a. Compensation of participants b. Height and weight of participants c. Dynamics of the group d. Number of participants

Height and weight of participants

Standard deviation tells you: a. the square root of the mean. b. what the mean, median and mode are. c. How many outliers there are. d. How spread out the data are.

How spread out the data are

In what way is a survey better than a case study? I. It allows the researcher to collect information on a lot of people. II. It doesn't take that much time. III. It produces the most accurate data. a. II b. III c. I d. I and II

I and II

Professor Dublin wants to ensure he is thorough in his review of student performance, so he decides to calculate 'standard deviation' as well. What must Professor Dublin do to figure out this measure of variability? a. Identify the central score. b. Find the score that occurs most often. c. Identify how far from average each score is. d. Plot scores on a bell curve. e. Subtract the lowest score from the highest score.

Identify how far from average each score is

Labels are primarily used in charts, graphs, and tables to _____. a. Make the chart, graph, or table more attractive b. Identify or define particular elements, such as sections of information or individual pieces of data c. Test the validity of the information in the chart, graph, or table d. Provide a brief introduction about the chart, graph, or table, giving the user a rough idea of the kind of information that will be presented

Identify or define particular elements, such as sections of information or individual pieces of data

As one data set increases, the other must _____ in order to show a positive correlation. a. Decline b. Decrease c. Increase d. Not change

Increase

Which method(s) of data collection make use of interviews? a. Case studies only b. Interviews and case studies c. Interviews and surveys d. Interviews only

Interviews and case studies

Gerald compared his students' class grades with their final exam grades. He found that nearly all students had the same grades for classwork as they did for the test. What can we likely say about Gerald's test? a. It is neither reliable nor valid. b. It is reliable but not valid. c. It is valid but not reliable. d. It is both reliable and valid.

It is both reliable and valid

Bill completed both qualitative and quantitative research, analyzed the data, and interpreted his findings. What is Bill now ready to do? a. Make a recommendation b. Distribute a survey c. Conduct a focus group d. Run the data through computer software

Make a recommendation

Which of the following is the least useful in helping you understand how varied your data scores are? a. Variance b. Mean c. Standard deviation d. Range

Mean

Which of the following is least likely to be reported? a. Population size b. Mode c. Median d. Mean

Mode

The scatterplot below shows _____ correlation between the two data sets. a. No correlation b. Negative c. Positive d. Perfect negative

Negative

By examining and recording the narcissist in their own environment, the researcher is using which technique? a. Survey b. Archival c. Sample d. Experimental e. Observation

Observation

What type of survey question encourages an answer phrased in the respondent's own words? a. Talk-Ended b. Moderate-Ended c. Scan-Ended d. Open-Ended e. Close-Ended

Open-Ended

The mean is influenced by: a. The order of data. b. Individual scores. c. Outliers. d. The standard deviation.

Outliers

Bobby is looking at the relationship between amount of sleep and happiness levels and sees that his data shows a tight line that goes up and to the right. What type of correlation does Bobby see? a. Perfect negative b. No correlation c. Perfect positive d. Weak positive

Perfect positive

In mathematics, a chart usually means a _____. a. Picture representing the relationship of a group of numbers b. Map c. Line connecting a group of points d. A list of objects sorted by increasing value

Picture representing the relationship of a group of numbers

Sam wants to show how much of his sales come from families and college students when compared to all his sales. Which of the following charts/graphs should he use? a. Bar chart b. Pie chart c. Column chart d. Line graph

Pie chart

When performing an archival study, you need a. An unusual manipulated variable. b. Previously completed research. c. An unexpected result. d. Several completed meta-analyses. e. A strong statistical significance.

Previously completed research

What type of research is being carried out when a researcher interacts with people to obtain facts, opinions, and attitudes? a. Quantitative Data Research b. Secondary Data Research c. Dumping Data Research d. Modeling Data Research e. Primary Data Research

Primary Data Research

Professor Dublin has just given a biology exam and wants to calculate the 'range' of performance of his students. What must he do? a. Identify how far from average each score is. b. Plot scores on a bell curve. c. Find the score that occurs most often. d. Identify the central score. e. Subtract the lowest score from the highest score.

Subtract the lowest score from the highest score

If you had a long grocery list, including the names of the items, the prices, and how many of each you wanted to buy, would your shopping list better serve you as a chart, graph, table, or sticky note? a. Graph--you could get a good 'feel' for your shopping habits b. Chart--you could get a good picture of how much of your budget was devoted to each item c. Sticky note--you tend to write really small, and it would be easy to carry d. Table--you could find each item easily on the list while you were shopping

Table--you could find each item easily on the list while you were shopping

If there is an even number of scores and you need to find the median, you: a. Eliminate one score and choose the other as the median. b. Select the more common score. c. Take the two scores in the middle and average them. d. Choose whichever score is higher.

Take the two scores in the middle and average them

'Variance' attempts to estimate a. the parameter. b. the statistical sum. c. the mean of the sample to be studied. d. the deviation from average. e. the range of the population.

The parameter

What is psychological measurement? a. The extent to which a tool measures what it's supposed to measure b. The process of assessing psychological traits c. The extent to which a tool is consistent d. The set of tools used to measure emotional intelligence

The process of assessing psychological traits

What type of interview is being carried out when the researcher has apparently informal conversations, not based on set questions, with subjects? a. Unstructured interview b. Probing interview c. Polling interview d. Survey interview e. Structured interview

Unstructured interview

Validity and reliability have a variety of possible relationships. Analyze the combinations below and indicate which one is not possible. a. Reliable but not valid b. Both reliable and valid c. Neither reliable nor valid d. Valid but not reliable

Valid but not reliable

James needs to determine the weight of an object. He uses a meter stick to do so. Obviously, this will not work. Which term applies most directly to James' problem? a. Reliability b. Accuracy c. Validity d. Consistency

Validity

r = -0.4 represents what kind of correlation? a. Strong negative b. No correlation c. Perfect negative d. Weak negative

Weak negative

'Variance' is similar to 'standard deviation' in all the following ways EXCEPT: a. With variance, you do NOT calculate the score minus the average. b. With variance, you do NOT take the square root of standard deviation. c. With variance, you do NOT square the deviation. d. With variance, you do NOT calculate the average. e. With variance, you do NOT sum up the squared deviations.

With variance, you do NOT take the square root of standard deviation

The following data represents the test scores of eight students in Mr. Miller's science class. 92%, 91%, 89%, 95%, 45%, 88%, 90%, 91% The student who got a 45% is _____. a. the median b. an outlier c. the mode d. a representative sample

an outlier

Range, standard deviation, and variance are 'similar' in that each looks at a. the central score. b. how spread out the data is. c. the collection to be sampled. d. the numerical value that occurs most often. e. the difference between high and low scores.

how spread out the data is

The best predictor of a score is the _____. a. sample size b. median c. mean d. mode

mean

If there are two modes, one should _____. a. report the higher of the two numbers b. find the average c. report the one closer to the mean d. report both

report both

For her research project, Jerri interviewed ten people asking them the same open-ended questions. What type of research did Jerri engage in? a. Quantitative research b. Qualitative research c. Statistical research d. Conclusive research

Qualitative research

Juan was analyzing a business he was thinking of buying. He looked at the daily sales records, the number of unique customers, and the number of repeat customers. He used statistics generated by this data to help him make his decision. What kind of research did Juan use? a. Conclusive research b. Qualitative research c. Survey research d. Quantitative research

Quantitative research

A line graph is best used for which of the following data? a. Percentages b. Parts of a whole c. Market shares d. Sales over time

Sales over time

How are surveys and interviews similar? a. They both take a lot of time. b. They both limit the amount of participants. c. They both have low response rates. d. They both might elicit inaccurate responses.

They both might elicit inaccurate responses

Why might a researcher choose to do a case study rather than a survey or an interview? a. They allow the researcher to collect information on lots of people. b. It's easy to acquire data from a case study. c. They take the least amount of time. d. They produce the most accurate data.

They produce the most accurate data

How big are focus groups? a. Focus groups always have 4-6 people b. The size is not important, the important thing is the time of day the focus group meets c. They vary - they may have as few as two members and as many as twelve or more. d. It depends on how much money is available for compensation.

They vary - they may have as few as two members and as many as twelve or more.

In this graph, which material is the cheapest? a. Stuffing b. Buttons c. Thread d. Fake fur

Thread

Why do people collect data? a. To better understand themselves. b. To see if their hypotheses are true or not. c. To meet people. d. To make money.

To see if their hypotheses are true or not