chapter 14 the brain and cranial nerves

22) Which of the following is a property of the blood-brain barrier?

all of these answers are correct

28) Which of the following help to protect the brain?

all of these answers are correct

30) Ependymal cells work to

all of these answers are correct

Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 43) Identify the structure labeled "8."

arachnoid granulation

27) Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the

arachnoid granulations

34) The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS capillary endothelial cells are the

arstrocytes

99) Cortical regions that interpret sensory information or coordinate motor responses are called ________ areas.

association

36) Hydrocephalus or "water on the brain" may result from

blockage of CFS circulation or excessive CSF production

47) The medulla oblongata regulates

blood pressure and respiration

Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 45) Identify the structure labeled "10."

central canal

16) The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the

cerebral aqueduct

Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 39) Identify the structure labeled "3."

cerebral aqueduct

Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 38) What is produced by the structure labeled "2"?

cerebrospinal fluid

11) A neural cortex is found on the surface of the

cerebrum

Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 37) Identify the structure labeled "1."

choroid plexus

94) The corpus callosum is composed of

commissural fibers

5) Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brain stem?

diencephalon

33) As CSF circulates, ________ between it and the interstitial fluid of the CNS is unrestricted between and across the ependyma.

diffusion

Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 42) Identify the structure labeled "7."

dura mater

19) The dural sinuses are located in the

dural folds

18) Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus.

ependymal

15) Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n)

extensiveness of the gyri and sulci

23) The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the

falx cerebru

17) The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the

fourth

13) The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.

huypothalamus

7) The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem are located in the

pons

53) The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a band of cortex called the

vermis

31) The choroid plexus produces CSF at a rate of about

500ml/day

1) The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue.

97 percent

86) Damage to the substantia nigra causes a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine. This causes a gradual, generalized increase in muscle tone, which is the main symptom of

A) Parkinson's disease.

71) The anterior nuclei of the thalamus

A) are part of the limbic system

56) The cerebellum can be permanently damaged by stroke or temporarily affected by drugs or alcohol. The resulting disturbance in motor control is known as

A) ataxia

54) The white matter of the cerebellum forms the

B) arbor vitae

72) The medial nuclei of the thalamus

B) connect emotional centers in the hypothalamus with the frontal lobe

70) Which of the following is (are) true of the epithalamus?

B) forms the roof of the diencephalon

82) which of the following is not a property of the limbic system?

B) functions in maintaining homeostasis in cold weather

73) The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include(s) the

B) lateral and medial geniculate nuclei

74) The optic tracts carry visual information from the retina to the

B) lateral geniculates

78) The ________ filters and relays sensory information to cerebral cortex.

B) thalamus

20) What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain?

pia mater

60) Nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surface of the mesencephalon are the

C) cerebral peduncles

77) The mamillary bodies of the hypothalamus

C) control feeding reflexes

81) which of the following is not a component of the limbic system?

C) globus pallidus

75) Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?

C) process sensory information and relay it to the cerebrum

79) Damage to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus leads to which problem?

C) reduced ability to regulate body temperature

61) The tectum of the mesencephalon contains the

C) superior and inferior colliculi.

85) Terry suffers from dissociation of memories from their emotional content as the result of an automobile accident. What system of the brain is probably damaged?

C) the limbic system

35) The layer of the meninges that closely follows every gyrus and sulcus is the

pia mater

65) Damage to the corpora quadrigemina would interfere with

C) visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck.

55) The presence of many large, highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the

D) cerebellar cortex.

83) The ________ is important in storage and recall of new long-term memories.

D) hippocampus

66) Examination of a tissue sample from the central nervous system reveals many darkly pigmented cells. This tissue probably came from the

D) substantia nigra

80) Joe begins to experience mood swings and disturbed thirst and hunger. Imaging studies indicate that a brain tumor is the likely cause of these disorders. In what part of the brain is the tumor most likely located?

D) hypothalamus

67) Which of the following is a property of the mamillary bodies?

E) All of the answers are correct

69) Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

E) All of the answers are correct

84) A tract of white matter that connects the hippocampus with the hypothalamus is the

E) fornix.

58) The medulla oblongata relays auditory information to the

E) inferior colliculi

64) The reflex movement of the head toward a loud noise is directed by the mesencephalon. Which nuclei accomplish this?

E) inferior colliculi

6) The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the

hypothalamus

91) The region of the cerebral cortex that is medial and deep to the temporal lobe is the

insula

93) The sense of taste projects to the gustatory cortex located in the ________ and ________.

insula; frontal lobe

21) The brain requires a substantial blood supply. The vessels that deliver blood to the brain are the

internal carotoid and vertebral arteries

24) Cerebrospinal fluid

is secreted by ependymal cells

2) Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains.

larger

26) Cerebrospinal fluid enters the subarachnoid space through the

lateral and median apertures

Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:40) Identify the structure labeled "4."

lateral aperture

88) Divisions of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bones are

lobes

87) The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the

longitudinal fissure

46) The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the

medulla oblongata

48) The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in

medulla oblongata

49) The cardiovascular reflexes are based in the

medulla oblongata

8) Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the

medulla oblongata

9) The cerebellum and pons develop from the

metencephalon

12) As you ascend from the medulla oblongata to the cerebrum, the functions of each successive level become

more complex

97) The visual cortex is located in the

occipital lobe

90) The region(s) of the cerebral cortex superior to the lateral sulcus is/are the

parietal and frontal lobes

89) The cerebral area posterior to the central sulcus is the

parietal lobe

92) The primary motor cortex is the surface of the

precentral gyrus

100) The region of the brain responsible for predicting the consequence of events or actions is the

prefrontal cerebral cortex

95) The surface of the postcentral gyrus contains the ________ cortex.

primary sensory

4) Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?

prosencephalon

32) Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?

provides atp for impulse transmission

14) The thin partition that separates the first and second ventricles is the

septum pellucidum

29) What contains a spider web-like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows?

subarachnoid space

Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 41) Identify the structure labeled "6."

subarachnoid space

25) Which antibiotic enters the CNS without difficulty because it easily crosses the blood-brain barrier?

sulfadiazine

Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:44) Identify the structure labeled "9."

superior sagittal sinus

3) During embryonic development, which of the following secondary brain vesicles will form the cerebrum?

telencephalon

98) The auditory cortex is located in the

temporal lobe

10) Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the

thalamus