OBGYN CH 27 Fetal Heart & Chest

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Anterior to the aorta

(Outflow) The normal pulmonary artery should be positioned ______________________ to the _____________ and should be visualized crossing over it.

Fetal Hydrops

A coexisting pericardial effusion and a pleural effusion is consistent with the diagnosis of _______________________.

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

A group of anomalies characterized by a small or absent left ventricle:

Gastroschisis

All of the following are sonographic features of pentalogy of Cantrell except: a. Omphalocele b. Gastroschisis c. Cleft sternum d. Diaphragmatic defect

Narrowing of the aortic notch

All of the following are sonographic signs of Ebstein anomaly except: b. fetal hydrops c. narrowing of the aortic notch d. malpositioned tricuspid valve a. enlarged right atrium

Left Ventricle

An EIF is most often seen within the:

Trisomy 21

An EIF would most likely be associated with:

muscle

Eventration of the diaphragm is best described as a lack of _____________ in the dome of the diaphragm.

LS ratio

Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using the:

Left ventricle hypertrophy

Tetralogy of Fallot consists of all of the following except: a. overriding aortic root b. VSD c. pulmonary stenosis d. left ventricle hypertrophy

10 weeks

The fetal heart is fully formed by _____ weeks

one-third

The normal heart will fill approximately ________ of the fetal chest.

Pleural effusion

The sonographic "bat-wing" sign is indicative of:

right ventricle and the right atrium

The tricuspid valve is located between the ________________________ & _________________________.

Tuberous sclerosis

What are fetal rhabdomyomas associated with ?

VSD

What is an opening within the septum that separates the right and left ventriculus ?

Pulmonary atresia

What is described as the absence of the pulmonary valve, which in turn prohibits blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery and essentially to the lungs?

Fetal hydrops

an abnormal accumulation of fluid in at least 2 fetal body cavities

Pleural effusion

The accumulation of fluid around the lungs is termed:

Ectopic cordis

The condition in which the heart is located outside the chest wall is termed:

Two tubes

The embryonic heart begins as:

Right ventricle

The moderator band is located within the:

Triangular, echogenic

The most common sonographic appearance of pulmonary sequestration is a __________________, ________________ mass within the chest.

Coarctation of the aorta

The narrowing of the aortic arch is indicative of:

Ductus arteriosis

What is the fetal shunt that connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch?

Hypoplastic right heart syndrome

A group of anomalies characterized by small or an absent right ventricle is:

Pulmonary sequestration

A separate mass of nonfunctioning fetal lung tissue is referred to as:

right ventricle; left ventricle

The aorta arises from the __________________________, and the pulmonary artery arises from the ________________________.

left atrium

The blood returning from the lungs through the pulmonary veins enters into the _______________________.

left atrium

The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the ___________________.

left ventricle & left atrium

The mitral valve is located between the ________________________ & ________________________.

Diaphragmatic hernia

The most common cause of cardiac malposition is:

Rhabdomyoma

The most common fetal cardiac tumor is the:

Foramen of Bochdalek

The most common form of diaphragmatic hernia is the:

Diaphragmatic hernia

The visualization of the fetal stomach within the fetal chest is most indicative of a:

Ventricle Septal defect

What is the most common form of cardia defect ?

Foramen ovale

What is the normal opening in the lower middle third of the atrial septum ?

Foramen of Morgagni

What is the opening right anteromedially within the diaphragm ?

Pulmonary hypoplasia

What is the term for underdevelopment of the lungs?

Ductus venosus

What structure shunts blood into the IVC from the umbilical vein ?


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