012 oae practice test
91. A law proposed in Congress but not yet passed is called A. A bill B. A proposal C. An introduced law D. A debate
A: A bill. A bill is a proposed law.
38. A story about a young detective who solves mysteries using mental and physical skills would be classified as A. Action and adventure B. Historical fiction C. Horror and ghost stories D. Biography
A: Action and Adventure. One example of this genre is Nancy Drew. Action and Adventure stories do not rely on magical or supernatural events as do Fantasy, Horror, and Ghost stories. They are not biographical unless telling the life of a real person.
35. Which of the following genres is most important for children just beginning to become readers in grades K, 1, and 2? A. Alphabet books, wordless picture books, and easy-to-read books B. Legends and tall tales C. Biographies and informational books D. Chapter books and fantasy books
A: Alphabet books, wordless picture books, and easy-to-read books. The other genres are more suitable for older children with well-developed reading skills
39. The statement, "He ran as fast as a startled rabbit," is an example of A. Analogy B. Metaphor C. Symbolism D. Repetition
A: Analogy. The statement is not a metaphor because it contains the word "like." A metaphor does not. An example of a metaphor would be "He was a frozen statue, motionless beside the door." There is no symbolism in the statement, "He ran as fast as a rabbit," nor is there any repetition.
80. For three days, Mr. Hanson had his students keep track of how many times each of them used a pencil during the school day. What is the best kind of graph to use to display these data? A. Bar graph B. Circle graph C. Pictograph D. Line graph
A: Bar graph. A bar graph is used to compare quantities. A circle is used to compare parts of a whole. A pictograph shows comparison of quantities using symbols. A line graph shows trends over a period of time.
45. One of the most important elements in children's literature that captures children's interest is A. Character B. Accuracy C. Information D. Vocabulary
A: Characters. Children enjoy identifying with a character and experiencing life from that character's point of view. If readers do not bond with a character, they will not enjoy the story.
61. Which of the following genres takes an opinion and defends it? A. Essays B. Biographies C. Memoirs D. Informational texts
A: Essays. In an essay, the writer defends an opinion, giving reasons for that opinion. Biographies are written to narrate the life of a person. Memoirs detail a person's own life and do not defend opinions. Informational texts are factual
32. A 504 differs from an IEP in that the 504 A. Focuses on helping emotionally or physically disabled students within the classroom B. Is a legal document and requires formal assessment of the disability C. Requires the student to be referred for help by a parent or family member D. Requires regular monitoring and may be adjusted during the school year
A: Focuses on helping emotionally or physically disabled students within the classroom. This is the focus of a 504. An IEP has broader applications to other disabilities or special needs.
42. Which of the following would you expect children in grades k-2 to learn by being exposed to both fictional and nonfictional literature? A. How to tell fiction from nonfiction B. How to do research to find information C. How to tell if a nonfiction writer is writing from a biased viewpoint D. How to understand themes, theories, and settings
A: How to tell fiction from nonfiction. This is a skill that children learn by following clues within the literature that point out whether the story is true or not. Young children are not yet ready to distinguish bias in an author's writing or understand themes and theories.
50. Which of the following describes one difference between role-play writing and early writing? A. In role-play writing, the child writes in scribbles that are only meaningful to him or her. In early writing, the child uses real letters B. In early writing, the child writes in scribbles that are only meaningful to him or her. In roleplay writing, the child writes in groups of words with a period at the end C. In role-play writing, the child writes in simple forms of language, usually the way the word sounds. In early writing, the child starts to use sight words and familiar text D. In early writing, the child has a sense of audience and a purpose for writing. In role-play writing, the child writes from the point of view of an imaginary character
A: In role playing writing, the child writes in scribbles that are only meaningful to him or her. In early writing, the child begins to use real letters
88. What is one benefit of a cooperative learning group? A. Increased engagement. B. Socialization. C. Down time for the teacher. D. Assistance for struggling students.
A: In the classroom setting, some students may be hesitant to openly participate. This may be due to a number of reasons, including the fear of being wrong or shyness. Utilizing cooperative learning groups is one way to increase student participation in class. Creating smaller groups within the class allows students to participate in a less threatening environment. Additionally, motivation and overall outcomes have also been shown to improve in these environments. Using these learning groups in conjunction with other teaching methods keeps students interested and engaged.
54. In the organization stage of writing, the writer A. Determines the purpose, thesis, and supporting details of the written work B. Brainstorms ideas for items to include in the written work C. Submits the writing to a classmate for editing D. Writes the introduction and conclusion
A: In the organization stage of writing, the writer determines the purpose, thesis, and supporting details of the written work. In other words, the organization stage is the part of the writing process where the writer decides on the structure of the proposed written work. In this stage, the writer organizes the ideas already decided upon in the prewriting stage.
94. Repetition is important to scientific inquiry because A. It is the only way to prove that an experiment is valid B. It adds to the number of statistics supporting the concept C. It assists the scientist in determining which data to consider D. It requires many groups of investigators working on a project
A: It is the only way to prove that an experiment is valid. If an experiment can't be successfully repeated with the same outcome, one cannot determine that the experimental results are valid. Repetition is the key to scientific progress.
22. If a child demonstrates a lack of concentration in the classroom and also becomes easily agitated, he or she may be suffering from A. Lack of sleep and/or nutrition B. Little verbal interaction at home C. A significant mental or emotional disability D. Severe physical abuse
A: Lack of sleep or nutrition. Lacking either of these, a child is unable to focus on classroom instruction and may become agitated easily.
70. A decimal can be converted to a percent by A. Moving the decimal point two places to the right B. Dividing by 100 C. Doubling the number D. Moving the decimal point one place to the left
A: Moving the decimal point two places to the right. For example, the decimal 3.42 stands for 342.0 percent of something.
65. The direct instruction model for teaching students to recognize numbers includes A. Showing newly introduced numbers more often than other numbers B. Having students count the number of dots and match them to a number C. Using manipulatives to count and then write a number D. Showing students the different ways a number can be written
A: Showing newly introduced numbers more often than other numbers. The direct instruction method depends on repetition of newly introduced numbers. Other methods involve counting dots, using manipulatives, and examining different ways of writing a number.
7. Which of the following is a component of the Constructivist learning theory? A. Students, teachers, and classmates establish knowledge cooperatively every day B. Students are taught to develop skills in problem solving and critical thinking C. Children only learn language and culture through interaction with adults and other children D. It is important to help the learner gain an understanding of how knowledge is constructed
A: Students, teachers, and classmates establish knowledge cooperatively every day. In the Constructivist learning theory, the interactions among students, classmates, and teachers were an important contributor to learning.
49. In Mr. Booker's first grade classroom, students are studying marine animals in science. Mr. Booker wants to select a book to read to the class that will enhance their understanding of this subject while at the same time capturing their interest in a story. Which of the following would be the best choice? A. The Wild Whale Watch, part of the Magic School bus series, a chapter book about whales B. The Whale Watchers Guide, a book designed to help plan a whale-watching trip C. Moby Dick, a famous 19th century novel about a man and a white whale D. The Pacific Ocean, a book describing the ocean floor, tides, wave formation, and currents
A: The Wild Whale Watch, part of the Magic School bus series, a chapter book about whales. First graders love to listen to chapter books, but most first graders are not quite able to read chapter books on their own. The undersea fictional adventures in this book will impart a great deal of marine information while simultaneously capturing students' attention with the story. The Whale Watchers Guide is not a good choice since the class is not planning a whale watching trip. Moby Dick is a well-known adult book, which first graders would not understand. The Pacific Ocean will probably offer a lot of marine information, but may not capture first graders' interests.
27. The most important factor for the teacher to keep in mind when teaching students with disabilities is A. Vary instructional pace and content to meet the specific needs of disabled students B. Slow the pace of classroom instruction to give the disabled students time to catch up C. Group the disabled students into a special section set apart from the regular students D. Insist that disabled students remain in their seats and focus on instruction
A: Vary instructional pace and content to meet the specific needs of disabled students. Answers B, C, and D would stigmatize the disabled student and probably not result in a proper pace and content level.
55. Maria's topic sentence is "My family prepares for holidays in a big way." Which of the following would be the best supporting detail to follow that sentence? A. Holidays are just a waste of everyone's time and money B. First, we decide who is going to host the holiday dinner C. In my family are me, my brother, my sister, and our parents D. Afterwards we all help clean up and then relax
B: "First we decide who is going to host the holiday dinner." A clue is found in the word "first." A list of actions or ideas often follows a topic sentence.
68. A number system in which the position of a digit in a number determines its value is called a A. Relationship system B. Place value system C. Regrouping system D. Tens and hundreds system
B: A place value system. That is the system that requires the position of a digit in a number to determine the digit's value. For example, in the number 123, the digit two is in ten's place, and its value is 20.
12. Which of the following is a symptom of an emotionally-neglected child? A. Extreme focus on school activities, seeking self-esteem B. Acts of jealousy or aggression toward other children C. Cooperative attitude in the classroom and on the playground D. Initiating social interaction with other students in the class at inappropriate times
B: Acts of jealousy or aggression toward other children. The emotionally-neglected child often behaves negatively toward other children. He or she may not know another way of gaining attention from classmates.
26. How should the teacher best deal with an academically talented student who typically finishes work ahead of other students and tends to get into mischief while waiting for others to finish? A. Reprimand the student and remind him or her that his talents require setting a good example. B. Assign the student an appealing task related to the subject area that requires creativity, research, and/or in-depth study of the subject, such as creating a play or making a collage C. Permit the early finisher to have additional play time or extended recess as a reward for rapid completion of assignments D. Have the student tutor or help those who are not finished because they are having difficulty with the assignment
B: Assign the student an appealing task related to the subject area that requires creativity, research, or in-depth study, such as making a collage or creating a play. Assigning the student to tutor classmates does not assist in the intellectual growth of an academically talented student, and the student is apt to resent such an assignment. The teacher needs to be aware that academically talented students also have special academic needs and continue to challenge them with meaningful assignments.
3. According to Kohlberg, at which developmental level do children understand that good behavior is expected? A. Post-Conventional B. Conventional C. Pre-Conventional D. Adolescent
B: Conventional. There is actually a hint to this answer in its name. According to Kohlberg, the stage of development during which children learn conventional behavior—e.g., good behavior—is the Conventional Stage
10. Which of the following is the best way to assist children from families with limited incomes? A. Lower expectations for these children's achievements in the classroom B. Cooperate with school administrators and public officials to provide such assistance as a free lunch program and/or some academic assistance C. Counsel parents on ways to economize with their limited financial resources D. Provide the best possible instruction without any need for intervention or public assistance
B: Cooperate with school administrators and public officials to provide assistance, such as a free lunch program and/or academic assistance. Hungry students are not in a position to learn. The family with limited income may not have introduced their child to as many preschool experiences as other children have had, and placement in a special program may be needed to support the child's progress.
64. The basics of writing to a particular audience do NOT include A. Precise vocabulary B. Correct facts C. Figurative language D. Illustrations or examples
B: Correct and accurate facts are not part of the basics of writing to a particular audience. Some writing for some audiences will not be factual at all, for example, a fairy tale written for young children. The basics of writing to a particular audience include precise vocabulary, figurative language, and illustrations or examples.
37. In which genre does the literature rely on the reader's suspension of disbelief about magical and mythical creatures? A. Science fiction B. Fantasy C. Action and adventure D. Historical fiction
B: Fantasy. Fantasy stories and books revolve around magical or supernatural creatures. The Harry Potter books are one example of this genre. Science fiction is a similar genre, but relies on the portrayal of a future world, creatures from other planets or galaxies, etc. Action and Adventure involves solving mysteries. Historical fiction stories are set sometime in the past and are usually accurate in their historical information
69. Paper strips and Cuisenaire rods are manipulatives used to teach A. Place value B. Fractions C. Addition of whole numbers D. Percents
B: Fractions. Students can manipulate the different lengths of materials like paper strips and Cuisenaire rods, in order to determine that one rod is one half the length of the other, for example.
21. What makes a child eligible for special education services? A. Falling behind academically and refusing to do any work at school B. Having a diagnosed physical or emotional disability that has been evaluated professionally C. Recommendation by the classroom teacher that the child needs additional help D. Request by parents for the child to be given special education services
B: Having a diagnosed physical or emotional disability that has been professionally evaluated. The child can then be placed in a program that will meet his or her needs. This process often begins with a recommendation by a teacher or parent, but to receive special education services, the child must first be professionally evaluated.
87. Which of these refers to the oceans and water areas of earth? A. Atmosphere B. Hydrosphere C. Exosphere D. Lithosphere
B: Hydrosphere. The earth's environment consists of the atmosphere, (the air we breathe), the hydrosphere (water), and the lithosphere (the land).
56. Which of the following is true of the introduction to a written piece? A. It should be written first B. It should be written last C. It should reinforce the points made in the piece D. It is the least important part of a piece of writing
B: It should be written last. Although it is the first part of the written piece, the introduction needs to discuss what is in the entire piece. Until the writing is complete, the writer cannot do that. Writing the introduction first runs the risk that what follows may not completely conform to the ideas expressed in the introduction.
78. When deciding to measure the sides of a two-dimensional object, what attributes of that object should be considered? A. Volume and liquid measurement B. Length and width C. Weight and mass D. Perimeter and area
B: Length and width. Since the object is not a solid, no other dimensions are needed.
98. What is the difference between mass and weight? A. There is no difference; they are the same B. Mass is the amount of matter in an object; weight is the pull of gravity on the object C. Mass determines the amount of volume of an object; weight does not D. Mass is the amount of cubic space that an object occupies. Cubic space is not related to weight
B: Mass. Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Weight is the measure of the pull of gravity on an object
5. In Bronfenbrenner's organization of child development, the family or classroom is considered a A. Chronosystem B. Microsystem C. Macrosystem D. Mesosystem
B: Microsystem. The family unit and the classroom unit constitute a small social system, a microsystem.
29. Involvement of parents in developing a student's IEP (individualized education program) is essential because: A. An IEP must be approved by a parent before it can be enacted B. Parents know their children's needs, and an IEP must be tailored to those needs C. Teachers do not have the legal rights to discuss student needs with community representatives D. Students will not be willing to follow an IEP unless they have parental support
B: Parents know their children's needs, and an IEP must be tailored to meet those needs. The classroom teacher will also be aware of some of those needs, but the child spends more time at home than at school, and the parents may be aware of a disability that is not evident in the classroom but needs to be addressed. Also, the implementation of an IEP is most successful when parents, the school, and the community work together as a team
13. Which of the following is an important aspect of allowing and encouraging children's play? A. Children need frequent opportunities to rest and relax B. Play teaches children cooperation and sharing C. Play encourages competition and opposition D. Play time gives the teacher a much needed rest period
B: Play teaches children cooperation and sharing. Play is one way a child learns to relate to other children in a positive way.
48. The perspective from which a story is told is called A. Theme B. Point of view C. Style D. Voice
B: Point of view. The point of view is generally first or third person. Stories in the second person exist, but these are rare
77. A missing object problem like the one below is one way of helping students learn what concept? Truck car bike train truck car bike ________ truck car bike train A. Counting B. Problem solving C. Manipulation of objects D. Basic addition
B: Problem solving. Because an item is missing in the middle of the pattern, the process asked for cannot be counting or addition. Solving this puzzle does not involve manipulation of objects
76. John drew two triangles on a piece of paper, like this: They were facing away from each other, but had the exact same size and shape. This is best described as an example of which geometrical concept? A. Rotation B. Reflection C. Translation D. Magnification
B: Reflection. One triangle faces the other. They are alike in all other ways. In a rotation, two like figures are rotated about a central point. A translation is a change in the position of a geometric figure. Magnification refers to a change in size of the figure.
19. When a child begins to act violently, breaking things and quarreling with other students, teachers should see this change in behavior as a A. Sign of intellectual disabilities B. Sign of emotional difficulties C. Sign the child is becoming autistic D. Sign the child is abusing drugs or alcohol
B: Sign of emotional difficulties. When children are upset or disturbed, they often manifest their feelings non-verbally in angry outbursts
58. Which of the following should not be capitalized? A. State names B. Small words like "of" in titles C. Proper names D. Main words in titles of written work
B: Small words in titles like "the" and "of." State names, proper names, and main words in titles should all be capitalized.
96. What effect does science have on technology? A. Science verifies what technology discovers B. Technology often results from scientific discoveries C. Science has no effect on technology; each is independent of the other D. Scientific progress is dependent on technology
B: Technology often results from scientific discoveries. The relationship between science and technology is evident when scientific discoveries prompt technologic advances.
40. Young children are more likely to respond to analogies in stories than to metaphors because A. They are old enough to understand the abstract thinking and symbolism that analogies express B. The ability to understand the kinds of abstraction expressed in metaphors is not developed until later in childhood C. They can apply the concepts expressed in analogies to their own daily lives, but metaphors do not compare things that children are familiar with D. Metaphors and symbols are usually found only in books that children find boring because of their abstractions
B: The ability to understand the abstract concept expressed in metaphors is not developed until later in childhood. Analogies are easier for children to understand because they compare known items, whereas metaphors require abstract thinking.
92. It is snack time in your kindergarten class, and you pour two children equal amounts of water; however, one child's cup is bigger. The child with the bigger cup complains that he has less water. In terms of cognitive development, what can you determine by this complaint? A. The child has a developmental delay because he does not understand conservation. B. The child has not reached the concrete operational stage and does not understand conservation; this is normal for a child of this age. C. The child is displaying a delay in intuitive processes commonly acquired during the preoperational stage of cognitive development. D. The child is displaying a preconceptual process that is common among this age group.
B: The child is developing normally; typical of his age group, he is in the preoperational stage of development and has not yet mastered conservation. Conservation is the ability to use logical reasoning to determine quantity. In this case, the child thinks one glass has more water simply because the glass is bigger. As this child enters into the concrete operational stage of development, he will understand that two amounts can be equal despite the size or shape of the container they are in. However, since this skill is not yet developed, the child will continue to believe one has more. If the teacher pours the water from the bigger glass into a glass that equals the size of his classmate's, the child will have a different reaction and possibly think the two are now equal.
71. By rewriting 5 times 9 as 9 + 9 +9 + 9 + 9, students will learn A. The commutative property of numbers B. The relationship between multiplication and addition C. The relationship between addition and division D. The associative property of numbers
B: The relationship between multiplication and addition. By performing these activities, students will see that multiplication is just the repetitive addition of a number a certain number of times.
89. Due process means A. It's important for every citizen to follow the laws of their state and country B. Any accused person may confront the accuser and provide a defense C. Capital punishment is appropriate if a person is convicted of murder D. An accused person is considered guilty until proven to be innocent
B: The right of a defendant to confront accusers and to provide a defense.
8. Social and behavioral theories of learning stress the importance of A. Good behavior on the part of students B. The social interactions of students that aid or inhibit learning C. A reward system for good behavior or growth in skills D. The direct connection between thoughts and speech
B: The social interaction of students that aid or inhibit learning. According to these theories, students do not just learn in isolation or in a one-on-one relationship with a teacher. They also learn attitudes toward education from their peers, sometimes positive and sometimes negative
85. A major scientific development that began near the beginning of the 17th century was A. The development of scientific theories B. The use of experiments to verify theories C. The concept of an attraction between bodies called gravity D. The theory of relativity
B: The use of experiments to verify theories. Before the idea of experimenting was developed, many scientists had theories, often in conflict with each other, but these ideas were never verified scientifically to demonstrate which one was correct. Experiments provided a way to prove ideas
24. If a child appears delayed in speech development, which of the following is the best course to follow? A. Take a wait-and-see approach, as there are wide variations in patterns of speech development B. Use in-depth evaluations and early intervention to assist the child with language delays C. Help the child with common developmental speech problems, such as saying "w" for "r" D. Have the child repeat common words and phrases after an adult pronounces them
B: Use in-depth evaluation and early intervention to assist the child with language delays. Research shows that early intervention is highly successful, while a wait-and-see approach just prolongs the delayed language development. Common developmental problems like saying "w" instead of "r" disappear on their own as the child matures and do not need intervention.
82. A third-grade teacher decides to introduce new vocabulary words using a word association game. What is required in order for the students to succeed with word associations? A. The definition of the new words. B. Prior knowledge. C. The spelling of the word. D. Synonyms of the new words.
B: Word associations require a student to pull from previous knowledge or experience. For example, if the student is presented with the word "aardvark" but has never seen or heard of an aardvark, he or she will not be able to make associations. While word association may be a good activity for students after they have reviewed the vocabulary words, it may be counterproductive if the students are unfamiliar with the words. Teachers should also be mindful of cultural differences that may account for a variation in previous knowledge.
43. In selecting literature for children, the most important first step a teacher should perform is to evaluate A. Whether the characters are interesting B. Whether the plots are appealing C. Class composition and preferences D. The reading level of the material
C: Class composition and preferences. Before selecting literature for the classroom, the teacher needs to assess the class, considering where they are with their reading skills and what their current interests are. After determining these things, the teacher would next evaluate books that seem appropriate for this particular group of children in terms of plot, character, and reading level.
2. Students studying fractions manipulate "fraction blocks," blocks cut to represent fractional parts, to learn the concept of adding and subtracting fractions. Which level of development as described by Piaget does this activity demonstrate? A. Sensory-motor stage B. Pre-operational stage C. Concrete operational stage D. Formal operations stage
C: Concrete operational stage. The manipulation of objects in the learning process involves using concrete materials to bridge understanding of abstract concepts.
93. A belief or opinion in opposition to certain beliefs is called A. Respect B. Obedience C. Dissent D. Rights
C: Dissent. Dissent occurs when a citizen disagrees with a certain concept or law.
97. Which of the following are required by all organisms in order to survive? A. Water, cells, shelter, and space B. Food, water, cellular growth, nurturing C. Food, water, sunlight, and air D. Air, shelter, space, and companionship
C: Food, water, sunlight, and air. All living organisms need food, water, sunlight and air. Shelter, space, and nurturing are nice to have but not crucial to sustaining life
23. At what age do children normally demonstrate a speech pattern that is 90% intelligible? A. Two years B. Three years C. Four years D. Five years
C: Four years. One hundred percent language development is not achieved until age five.
63. Assonance means that two or more words A. Start with the same sound B. End with the same sound C. Have the same vowel sound D. Sound like an item they portray
C: Have the same vowel sound. Words with assonance have the same vowel sound. An example would be cow and loud.
41. When students compare nonfiction literature to fictional literature, what differences will they find? A. Nonfiction stories will be told in logical order and will relate only the facts, while fictional stories are never told in logical order B. Fictional stories deal with plot, characters, setting, and themes, and nonfiction does not C. In addition to plot, character, setting, and theme, a nonfiction work will also introduce interpretations, theory, and research D. Students will find few, if any, differences between these two types of literature because they are essentially the same
C: In addition to plot, character, setting, and theme, a nonfictional work will also introduce interpretations, theories, and research. For example, a biography is a type of nonfiction that may have plot, character, setting, and theme, and in addition it will introduce interpretations and theories (of the person's life and actions) as well as evidence of the author's research.
83. Which teaching strategy would be best for teaching multiplication tables to a second-grade class? A. Priming. B. Discussion. C. Repetition. D. Listening.
C: Learning multiplication tables is best accomplished with repetition. As the students repeat the problems and their solutions, connections are made in the brain, and learning is enhanced. While there are many newer methods of teaching and learning, repetition is still useful for a number of tasks. This strategy is also typically used with students learning the alphabet or their phone number and address. Teachers should be aware that young children have short attention spans and can easily become distracted. Therefore, when using repetition as a teaching strategy, the sessions should be relatively short.
95. The father of microscopy was A. Pasteur B. Koch C. Leeuwenhoek D. Watson
C: Leeuwenhoek. Pasteur discovered the role of micro-organisms in disease. Koch determined that each disease has a specific pathogen. James Watson developed the science of genetics.
99. World weather patterns are very much influenced by A. Wind belts B. The Earth's orbit C. Ocean currents D. Atmospheric conditions
C: Ocean currents. Wind belts, the Earth's orbit, and atmospheric conditions have some effect on weather, but ocean currents have the greatest influence
59. Elena wrote the following paragraph: I believe that everyone should try to care for our planet. The best ways to do this are through recycling and using natural energy instead of fossil fuels. The supply of fossil fuels such as oil and coal will be used up some day, so we should try now to use less. Solar panels can reduce the use of fossil fuels. Windmills can be used to make electricity. Hybrid cars also use less fuel. If we do not try to be "green," our planet will soon be in trouble from global warming and the absence of fossil fuels. What kind of world would that be? The purpose of Elena's paragraph was A. Narration B. Entertainment C. Persuasion D. Description
C: Persuasion. Elena's paragraph was written to persuade. Clues to her purpose can be found in the first and last sentences, which clearly try to influence the reader.
90. In the Constitution of the United States, which of the following powers are reserved for the states? A. Taxation B. Declaring war C. Regulation of intrastate trade D. Granting patents and copyrights
C: Regulate intrastate trade. Intrastate trade is solely within a state, so the state has jurisdiction over it. Taxation is a right granted to both federal and state authorities. Declaring war is a national decision. Patents and copyrights apply to goods made and/or sold throughout the country; therefore, they are a federal responsibility.
9. A teacher becomes aware that a certain student's family is in a crisis situation. What is his or her best course of action? A. Counsel the child on how best to handle the situation at home B. Contact the parents with a direct offer to help with their problems C. Report the crisis situation to school or civil authorities D. Attempt to deal with the student as well as possible despite the situation
C: Report the crisis situation to school or civil authorities. The situation cannot be ignored, but it needs to be dealt with officially and not by the teacher.
17. A flat or agitated expression coupled with incoherent speech is a major symptom of A. Autism B. Drug or alcohol abuse C. Schizophrenia D. Intellectual disabilities
C: Schizophrenia. The schizophrenic child often has a flat or agitated expression and may speak incoherently or repetitively
66. Which of the following is an example of an ordinal number? A. 13 B. One-half C. Second D. Ten
C: Second. Ordinal numbers are first, second, third, fourth, etc.
51. Which of the following is a developmental skill a child should have before beginning to write? A. Large muscle control B. Ability to speak coherently C. Small muscle control D. Ability to hold a pencil correctly
C: Small muscle control. Small muscles are those that enable us to make precise motions, such as gripping a pencil and writing letters with it. Large muscle control involves activities such as running or jumping. The ability to speak is not a developmental skill leading to the ability to write
74. Which of the following is NOT a way to teach young children to recognize patterns? A. Count by twos beginning with 5 B. Comparing geometric shapes C. Solving for x in an equation D. Analyzing the results of a class survey
C: Solving for x in an equation. Young children are not ready for algebraic equations, but they can learn to recognize patterns by counting by twos, comparing geometric shapes, and analyzing data they have collected.
60. Students should learn to write for a variety of audiences because A. Writing everything just for the teacher is boring B. Their classmates are also a potential audience C. Students are more involved in their writing if the audience varies D. Students can make political statements with letters to the editor
C: Students are more involved in their writing if the audience varies. Examples of varied audiences include letters to the editor, letters to a friend, an essay written for a community group, and a story written for younger children or beginning readers
79. What is the educational purpose of having students measure the length of an object, such as their desk or table, with non-standard measuring units smaller than the object, such as crayons? A. Measuring with small units is easier for young children B. Children cannot read the markings on a standard ruler or yard stick C. Students learn to measure something larger than a unit with repetitive use of that unit D. Students will later be able to transfer measurements from meters to yards
C: Students learn to measure something larger than a unit by repetitive use of that unit.
30. What is meant by the "least restrictive environment" policy of the IDEA? A. It is permissible to retain disabled students without passing them to the next grade level B. Students with disabilities need to be instructed in special classes C. Students with disabilities must be educated in an environment appropriate to them and their non-disabled peers, often a regular classroom D. Disabled students must be permitted to participate in the same classroom instruction as their non-disabled peers, even when it does not quite meet their needs
C: Students with disabilities must be educated in an environment appropriate to them and their non-disabled peers, often a regular classroom. Students with disabilities were formerly segregated into special classes, but the least restrictive environment frequently turns out to be a regular classroom, sometimes with additional assistance for the teacher and the student
47. The adaptation of language in a piece of writing to meet the author's purpose or audience is called A. Theme B. Point of view C. Style D. Voice
C: Style. An author writing a humorous book will use a different style than an author writing a biography
86. The results of increased production of crops and a managed approach to agriculture is called A. The industrial revolution B. The information revolution C. The agricultural revolution D. The scientific revolution
C: The agricultural revolution. A dependable food supply is essential to all populations. The agricultural revolution, an organized, almost scientific approach to agriculture, increased the food supply necessary for a growing world population
6. One of Vygotsky's major contributions to the field of early childhood development is the concept of A. Punishment/obedience B. A taxonomy of learning skill levels C. The importance of play as a learning activity D. The formal operations stage of development
C: The importance of play as a learning activity. Vygotsky pointed out that play is the way children learn cooperation and coordination, among other things.
34. What is the advantage of placing students in community organizations like the ASB (Associated Student Body) or the PTSA (Parent Teacher Student Association)? A. These organizations help students to become politically savvy and be able to manipulate the rules of their school B. These organizations help students who are falling behind in school with tutoring and mentoring C. These organizations provide opportunities for students to develop leadership skills and learn to appreciate the value of collaborative processes D. Membership in these organizations can be listed on a student resume when the student is applying to colleges or universities
C: These organizations provide opportunities for children to develop leadership skills and learn to appreciate the value of collaborative processes. Not all community resources are directed toward the disabled child. These organizations, ASB and PTSA, are designed to teach leadership skills to students who show leadership potential. Sometimes a student representative is assigned to the school board for the same reasons
100. In the technological design process, after the problem has been identified and a possible solution selected, what is the next step? A. Propose designs B. Evaluate the solution C. Try out the proposed solution D. Report results
C: Try out the proposed solution. The first step is to identify a problem and propose a solution. Trying the solution comes next, followed by evaluation and reporting the results.
72. Although there are 100 addition facts, if students understand commutativity, they actually need to learn A. 95 facts B. 75 facts C. 65 facts D. 55 facts
D: 55 facts. When students learn that 3 + 8 is 11, they are also learning that 8 + 3 is 11, so they do not need to memorize 100 facts, just 55.
73. Which of the following is NOT a model that helps students understand subtraction? A. Take away B. Missing addend C. Number line D. Adding zero
D: Adding zero. Adding zero does not assist students in understanding subtraction. Physically taking some objects away from an array of objects, working a problem with a missing addend like 7 + ___ = 13 helps students learn that 13-7 = 6. Moving to the left on a number line is another way of helping students understand subtraction
15. Social development and cognitive development often progress together because A. The more knowledge a child has, the more social he becomes B. As children are developing physically, they lose interest in social interactions C. Children develop the dexterity to show their cognitive development D. All areas of development—physical, social, and cognitive—are interrelated
D: All areas of development—physical, social, and cognitive—are interrelated. A teacher who is aware of this may be able to emphasize the most appropriate method of instruction for this particular child.
75. Geometric figures can be classified by A. The number of sides B. The angles where sides meet C. Whether they are polygons or solids D. All of the above
D: All of the above. Geometric figures can be classified in a number of ways, including the number of sides, the angles where sides meet, and as polygons or solids
46. If a teacher does not have time to pre-read all the books she selects for her classroom, what is a good alternative? A. Look at children's book reviews in professional materials B. Seek input from children themselves about their favorite books C. Seek the assistance of the school librarian D. All of the above
D: All of the above. It is not realistic to expect a teacher to preview every book selected for the classroom, and fortunately there are alternatives, such as asking for help from the school librarian, reading professional reviews, and discussing favorite books with children.
14. What personal benefits can a young child obtain from play? A. Development of motor skills, such as hand-eye coordination B. Development of personal interests C. The ability to entertain himself or herself when alone D. All of the above
D: All of the above. Play provides the child with opportunities to develop hand-eye coordination, develop personal interests, and learn to amuse him or herself when alone.
18. Which of the following actions are important for a teacher to do to create learning conditions for students with disabilities? A. Use a child-centered approach to instruction B. Help students identify their own learning needs C. Structure learning experiences appropriate to the needs of the disabled student D. All of the above
D: All of the above. Students with disabilities are best served by a child-centered approach, help in identifying their own learning needs, and need learning experiences that are structured to be appropriate to their needs
11. The teacher notices that a student's attention in the classroom is decreased. The student seems restless and unable to concentrate. Which of the following may be the cause of this change in behavior? A. The child is coming down with an illness, such as the flu B. A problem has developed at home, such as divorce or abuse C. The child has entered a period of rapid physical growth which distracts him or her from cognitive activity D. All or any of the above
D: All of the above. There are many possible explanations for a child having decreased attention in class. All should be analyzed to discover the actual problem.
1. A teacher asks her students to compare and contrast two animals they saw at the zoo. This is an example of what level of Bloom's taxonomy? A. Knowledge B. Comprehension C. Application D. Analysis
D: Analysis. Compare and Contrast is a higher level of thinking and requires analysis.
31. An IEP is a plan for A. Providing a tutor for an educationally handicapped student B. Providing counseling for an emotionally disturbed student C. Assisting parents in their problems handling a disabled student D. Assisting students in ways beyond what the classroom teacher can provide
D: Assisting students in ways beyond what the classroom teacher can provide. This may include any or all of the assistance suggested in the other answers, such as tutoring, counseling, and assisting or advising parents.
67. The property of numbers that states that 1 + 3 is the same as 3 + 1 is called A. Associative B. Distributive C. Inverse D. Commutative
D: Commutative. The property that states that the order in which numbers are added does not change the answer is called the commutative property.
62. The final resolution of a fictional plot is called A. Exposition B. Rising Action C. Falling Action D. Denouement
D: Denouement. The denouement is the end of the story. The other choices are intermediate steps in writing a story.
16. The concept of latent development is important for teachers because: A. Teachers can be more patient with students if they understand their latency B. Teachers can wait until a student demonstrates complete ability in a certain skill area C. Teachers will be able to instruct the class as a whole group if they understand the stage at which everyone in the classroom is developing D. Developing skills may give clues for the next stage of instruction a student will need
D: Developing skills may give clues for the next stage of instruction a student will need. For example, the teacher may observe a child developing skill with manipulative materials and introduce the child to the next step, moving from manipulative to written materials.
25. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a child with emotional disturbance? A. Lower academic performance B. Social skills deficits C. Aggressive behaviors D. Exaggerated efforts to make friends
D: Exaggerated efforts to make friends. The child with emotional problems is likely to withdraw from social interactions and exhibit lower academic performance and aggressive behavior.
36. Which of the following is NOT a goal of children's literature? A. Focus on choices, morals, and values B. Instruct students through entertaining stories C. Promote an interest in reading itself D. Instruct students in the sciences, such as mathematics and biology
D: Instruct students in sciences, such as mathematics and biology. Textbooks have that goal. Children's literature is designed to enhance moral values, instruct through entertaining stories, and promote a life-long interest in reading.
4. Erikson's stages of development include all of the following except A. Young childhood B. Middle adulthood C. Adolescence D. Late childhood
D: Late childhood. This is not one of Erikson's levels of development.
20. If a child exhibits loss in cognitive thinking, social behavior, and usual academic progress, the teacher should suspect that the child A. May be developing schizophrenia B. May be having emotional problems at home C. May be epileptic D. May be abusing drugs
D: May be abusing drugs. Children using drugs withdraw from social contact and academic activities.
84. What is a primary contribution of the Israelites to civilization? A. Secularism B. Democracy C. Monarchism D. Monotheism
D: Monotheism. Before the Israelites, almost all civilizations, including the Egyptian, Greek, and Roman civilizations, believed in many gods.
53. Which of the following is NOT a prewriting strategy? A. Brainstorming B. Visual mapping of ideas C. Asking questions D. Organizing writing into paragraphs
D: Organizing writing into paragraphs is done either during the writing process or afterwards in the revision stage. It is not a prewriting strategy.
44. What is the best way for a teacher to make sure that books in the classroom are at an appropriate reading level, neither too easy nor so difficult that beginning readers will become frustrated? A. Administer a reading pretest to the class before selecting suitable books B. Purchase books that are easy enough for even the most beginning of readers C. Make sure that all the books are just slightly above students' reading level, so they will grow D. Provide a wide variety of reading materials for children to choose from
D: Provide a wide variety of reading materials for children to choose from. Each classroom will have students who are just beginning to read and some that are reading fluently above grade level. Providing reading materials with an appealing variety of subject matter and broad distribution of reading levels will ensure that every child in the class can select an appropriate book to read.
57. Which of the following is not a method of peer editing? A. Pairs of students analyze each others' sentences for variety B. Groups of students ask questions of the author to make the writing more clear C. Students work together to perform a final edit D. Students decide whether another student's essay is good writing or poor writing
D: Students decide whether another student's essay is good writing or poor writing. Peer editing should consist of suggestions for improvement and never involve judgmental decisions about quality
33. Which of the following is NOT a reason for having a parent conference? A. The teacher wants to share information about the child's behavior and progress with the parents B. The teacher wants to receive information about the child from the parents C. The teacher wants to ask for parent support or involvement in specific activities D. The child's behavior is so difficult that the teacher wants the parents to withdraw the child from school
D: The child's behavior is so difficult that the teacher wants the parents to withdraw the child from school. The teacher may desire this, but has no authority to request it from parents. Sometimes a student will attend school for a limited part of the day, but the decision to limit the day or exclude the child will be made by a team, not by the teacher alone in the process of a teacher parent conference. Conferences are beneficial for sharing information between a teacher and parents and for enlisting parental support for planned activities involving the child.
28. Seeking the appropriate method for meeting the needs of a disabled student is most often initiated by A. Parents B. A school's Child Study Team C. Community agencies D. The student's classroom teacher
D: The students' classroom teacher. Often, disabilities are not apparent in the home setting, and community agencies will not discover disabled children until informed about them, usually by the teacher
81. Katrina wanted to solve this math problem: "If there are 30 days in a month and today is the 12th, how many days until the end of the month?" What should be her first problem-solving step? A. Devise a plan for solving the problem B. Carry out the plan she created C. Look back to check that her answer is correct D. Understand what the problem is asking
D: Understand what the problem is asking. Before you can solve a problem, you must decide what it is about.
52. A child using the prewriting strategy called "free writing" will A. Make a list of all ideas connected with the chosen topic B. Create a visual map on paper to connect ideas C. Ask the questions "Who?," "What?," "When?," and "Where?" D. Write thoughts and ideas without stopping to edit them
D: Write thoughts and ideas without stopping to edit them. Freewriting is a prewriting strategy that asks the writer to simply write without any internal editing or concern about formalities, such as spelling or punctuation. The purpose of freewriting is to get the flow of ideas going.
