115 PrepU Ch. 35: Assessment of Musculoskeletal Function

The nurse is preparing the client with a right neck mass for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Which question should the nurse ask? Select all that apply.

"Are you wearing any jewelry?" "Have you removed your hearing aid?" "Do you have a pacemaker?"

The nurse is conducting the admission assessment for a client who is to undergo an arthrogram. What is the priority question the nurse should ask?

"Do you have any allergies?"

A client with a sports injury undergoes a diagnostic arthroscopy of the left knee. What comment by the client following the procedure will the nurse address first?

"My toes are numb."

The nurse is assessing a client with a musculoskeletal system condition. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing bone pain?

"The pain feels deep in my legs and keeps me awake at night."

The older client asks the nurse how best to maintain strong bones. What is the nurse's best response?

"Weight-bearing exercises can strengthen bones."

The older client asks the nurse how best to maintain strong muscles. What is the nurse's best response?

"Weight-resistance exercises can strengthen muscles."

The nurse is preparing the client for computed tomography. Which information should be given by the nurse?

"You must remain very still during the procedure."

Patient education for musculoskeletal conditions for the aging is based on the understanding that there is a gradual loss of bone after a peak of bone mass at age:

30 years

Which statement describes paresthesia?

Abnormal sensations

Which body movement involves moving toward the midline?

Adduction

The nurse is providing care to a client following a knee arthroscopy. What would the nurse expect to include in the client's plan of care?

Administering the prescribed analgesic.

The primary functions of cartilage are to reduce friction between articular surfaces, absorb shocks, and reduce stress on joint surfaces. Where in the human body is cartilage found?

All options are correct.

A client is experiencing muscle weakness in the upper extremities. The client raises an arm above the head but then loses the ability to maintain the position. Muscular dystrophy is suspected. Which diagnostic test would evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration?

An electromyography

A patient is scheduled for a procedure that will allow the physician to visualize the knee joint in order to diagnose the patient's pain. What procedure will the nurse prepare the patient for?

Arthroscopy

Which hormone inhibits bone resorption and increases the deposit of calcium in the bone?

Calcitonin

Which is an indicator of neurovascular compromise?

Capillary refill of more than 3 seconds

Which is a neurovascular problem caused by pressure within a muscle area that increases to such an extent that microcirculation diminishes?

Compartment syndrome

The homecare nurse is evaluating the musculoskeletal system of a geriatric client whose previous assessment was within normal limits. The nurse initiates a call to the health care provider and/or emergency services when which change is found?

Decreased right-sided muscle strength

Which of the following is the priority nursing diagnosis for the client preparing for a bone marrow biopsy?

Deficient knowledge: procedure

A group of students are reviewing the structure and function of bones. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they state that cortical bone is found primarily in which of the following?

Diaphyses

Which term refers to the shaft of the long bone?

Diaphysis

The nurse is performing a neurovascular assessment of a client's injured extremity. Which would the nurse report?

Dusky or mottled skin color

Which diagnostic test would the nurse expect to be ordered for a client with lower extremity muscle weakness?

Electromyograph (EMG)

Which term refers to muscle tension being unchanged with muscle shortening and joint motion?

Isotonic contraction

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult patient and observes the patient has an increased forward curvature of the thoracic spine. What does the nurse understand this common finding is known as?

Kyphosis

The client presents with an exaggeration of the lumbar spine curve. How does the nurse interpret this finding?

Lordosis

The nurse would expect which of the following age-related change of the musculoskeletal system?

Loss of bone mass

The nurse is preparing to assess the spine of an older adult. Which actions will the nurse take during this assessment? Select all that apply.

Measure height Ask the client to bend backward Ask the client to bend forward at the waist

A client scheduled to undergo an electromyography asks the nurse what this test will evaluate. What is the correct response from the nurse?

Muscle weakness

A nurse is caring for a client with an undiagnosed bone disease. When instructing on the normal process to maintain bone tissue, which process transforms osteoblasts into mature bone cells?

Ossification and calcification

An instructor is describing the process of bone development. Which of the following would the instructor describe as being responsible for the process of ossification?

Osteoblasts

Which serum level indicates the rate of bone turnover?

Osteocalcin

Red bone marrow produces which of the following? Select all that apply.

Platelets White blood cells (WBCs) Red blood cells (RBCs)

Which nursing instruction is most important to stress when teaching on calcium intake?

Provide age-related calcium intake recommendations.

After a fracture, during which stage or phase of bone healing is devitalized tissue removed and new bone reorganized into its former structural arrangement?

Remodeling

Which of the following is the final stage of fracture repair?

Remodeling

Which of the following is an appropriate priority nursing diagnosis for the client following an arthrocentesis?

Risk for infection

What is the term for a lateral curving of the spine?

Scoliosis

A client has a fracture that is being treated with open rigid compression plate fixation devices. What teaching will the nurse reinforce to the client about how the progress of bone healing will be monitored?

Serial x-rays will be taken.

A nurse practitioner assesses a patient's movement in his left hand after a cast is removed. The nurse asks the patient to turn his wrist so the palm of his hand is facing up. This movement is known as:

Supination

Skull sutures are an example of which type of joint?

Synarthrosis

The nurse working in the orthopedic surgeon's office is asked to schedule a shoulder arthrography. The nurse determines that the surgeon suspects which finding?

Tear in the joint capsule

The emergency room nurse is reporting the location of a fracture to the client's primary care physician. When stating the location of the fracture on the long shaft of the femur, the nurse would be most correct to state which terminology locating the fractured site?

The fracture is on the diaphysis.

A nurse provides nutritional health teaching to an adult client who had two fractures in 1 year. Besides recommending supplemental calcium, the nurse suggests a high-calcium diet. What would the nurse recommend that the client increase intake of?

Yogurt and cheese.

A client tells the health care provider about shoulder pain that is present even without any strenuous movement. The health care provider identifies a sac filled with synovial fluid. What condition will the nurse educate the client about?

bursitis

The nurse is admitting an older adult to a skilled nursing facility. What assessment parameters will the nurse expect to find with the musculoskeletal assessment? Select all that apply.

decreased endurance joint stiffness decreased range of motion

The nurse working in the emergency department receives a call from the x-ray department communicating that the client the nurse is caring for has a fracture in the shaft of the tibia. The nurse tells the physician that the client's fracture is in the

diaphysis

A client is diagnosed with a fracture of a diarthrosis joint. What is an example of this type of joint?

elbow

The nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment for a client whose right leg muscles exhibit no tone and are limp. Which descriptor should the nurse use to document this condition?

flaccid

The nurse is reporting on the results of client blood work to the oncoming nurse. Upon reviewing the data, it is noted that the client has an elevated uric acid level. Which inflammatory process would the nurse screen for on shift rounds?

gout

Which of the following is the most common site of joint effusion?

knee

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult patient and observes the patient has an increased forward curvature of the thoracic spine. What does the nurse understand this common finding is known as?

kyphosis

The nurse is caring for a client who experienced a crushing injury of the lower extremities. Which of the following symptoms is essential to be reported to the physician?

pulselessness

A client is seen in the emergency room for a knee injury that happened during a basketball game. Diagnostic tests reveal torn cords of fibrous connective tissue that connect muscles to bones. What type of tear has this client sustained?

tendon

A client experiences a musculoskeletal injury that involves the structure that connects a muscle to the bone. The nurse understands that this injury involves which structure?

tendons