1.2.1: Human Body Systems

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Reproductive System

Consist of the vagina, ovaries, and uterus in females; the penis, testes, and prostate in males. Responsible for production, transport, and sustaining sperm and egg cells as well as nurturing the development of offspring.

Skeletal System

Consists of bones and joints. Protects and supports body organs; provides a framework the muscles can use to cause movement; stores minerals.

Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Consists of lymph nodes, the spleen, thymus, and bone marrow. Filters fluid in the body; mounts the attack against foreign substances in the body.

Muscular System

Consists of skeletal muscles, tendons that connect muscles to bones, and ligaments that attach bones together to form joint. Moves the body and moves substances around the body; maintains posture; produces heat.

Endocrine System

Consists of the adrenal glands, pituitary gland, ovaries, and testes. Secretes hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism by body cells.

Nervous System

Consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs. Responds to internal and external changes by activating an appropriate response; processes information.

Cardiovascular System

Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Pumps blood around the body; transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste.

Urinary System

Consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra. Filters fluid in the body; mounts the attack against foreign substances in the body.

Respiratory System

Consists of the lungs, nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchus. Assists with gas exchange with the external environment; keeps blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.

Digestive System

Consists of the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and liver. Breaks down food into its nutrient molecules; absorbs nutrients; rids the body of wastes.

Integumentary System

Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail. Forms the body's external coverings; protects deeper tissue from injury; helps regulate body temperature.


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