1.2.5 Gross Anatomy Examination Quiz - Biotechnology

Conclusion (pt. 3):Explain how an otherwise young, healthy individual could have a serious heart condition.

A healthy young individual can have a serious heart condition through genes since lots of cardiac disorders are inherited. From external factors such as smoking, taking drugs, or excessive alcohol intake can cause major problems to the heart including high-blood pressure, stroke, heart failure, cardiovascular diseases, and more.

Conclusion Statement: DO you believe that Anna's heart played a role in her death?

I believe that Anna's heart did play a role in her death because she has a myocardial infarction and ventricular septal defect. Ventricular septal defect can increase the risk of heart failure, high blood pressure, stroke, or even irregular heart rhythms. And because myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common causes of heart failure worldwide tells me that the other disorder she has majorly complicated things which would have caused her death.

Reflection Question: Explain what happens to tissues, such as the heart, or the brain, if oxygenated blood is not delivered in a timely manner.

If there's an absence of blood in the tissues for a certain amount of time, it can cause hypoxia. This can lead to your body not functioning correctly such as your heart or brain. If it's not delivered in time it might stop working efficiently or worse it might even start to deteriorate. The organs, then the entire body will fail. Since the heart/blood rely on oxygenated blood and the brain relies on the brain tissue, these can lead to a person's death.

Conclusion (pt. 2): Using what you have learned about the structure and function of the heart, explain why left ventricular hypertrophy can be fatal if left untreated.

Left ventricular hypertrophy is a thickening of the wall of the heart's main pumping chamber. If it's untreated it can cause high blood pressure or aortic stenosis which is basically a narrowing of the aortic valve opening. These can lead to fatal heart attack or heart failure.

Compare the actual structure of the heart to the model you've created in your heart box diagram. Discuss the following questions with a partner and record your thoughts here before sharing them with the class. How does your model differ from a real heart? Why are models in science used to represent complex processes? What are some benefits and drawbacks of scientific models?

My model differ from a real heart by not showing all of the parts. Models in science used to represent complex processes because they try to have a better understanding and go in depth about it. Some benefits about scientific models are that they help predict and have a strong evidence to prove their theories. Grasping scientific knowledge and the nature of science. Some drawbacks of scientific models are that they are not that accurate and they don't behave like the thing they represent.

Conclusion (pt. 4): What are some lifestyle choices you could make and some risk factors should avoid to maintain a healthy cardiovascular system?

Some lifestyle choices would be to eat healthily, exercise, don't/stop smoking, not drink alcohol, and don't do drugs. Some risk factors to avoid are high cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, stress, high triglyceride levels, and more.

Conclusion (pt. 1): In most of the body, the arteries carry oxygenated blood and the veins carry deoxygenated blood. The exception to this pattern is the heart. Explain how and why specific arteries and veins of the heart are different from the pattern seen in the rest of the body.

The exception is the pulmonary vein and the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary vein carries oxygen-rich blood to the left ventricle of the heart and goes out to the body. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs to become oxygenated. This is quite different from the rest of the body because the veins are supposed to carry deoxygenated blood and arteries are supposed to carry oxygenated blood.

Reflection Question: Summarize the connection between the heart and the lungs. How are these organs working together to deliver oxygen to the body? Be sure to use the terms pulmonary and systemic in your answer.

The heart and lungs work together to make sure the body has oxygen-rich blood that it needs to function properly. The right side of your heart receives deoxygenated blood from your veins and pumps it to your lungs, where it picks up oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. This is called the pulmonary circulation. the left side of your heart receives oxygenated blood from your lungs and pumps it through your arteries to the rest of the body. Then pumps the blood to the aorta by the systemic circulation. Then will eventually return through the vena cava back to the right atrium again.

Write a paragraph that describes what happens to a red blood cell as it moves from the right atria of the heart through the body. What structures will it pass through? How will it interact with oxygen?

The red blood cells has iron containing a protein called hemoglobin which makes blood red. Starting from the right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, and then to the lungs. This delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get oxygen-rich blood. Then, it travels through the pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve (bicuspid valve), left ventricle, aortic valve, and aorta. From the aorta, the blood will flow through all of the body and it eventually return through the vena cava back to the right atrium again.

A theme in biology is how structure is related to function. Discuss how the structures of the different chambers and vessels of the heart relate to their functions.

They all work together to achieve the same goal which is to take in and distribute oxygen-poor or oxygen-rich blood through your body.

Have a Heart: Terminology

Tricuspid valve - Separates the right atrium from the right ventricle. Mitral valve - Separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. Pulmonary valve - Permits blood to flow into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle. Aortic valve - Permits blood to flow into the aorta from the left ventricle.

What's the valves functions?

Valves in the heart control the blood flow between the chambers and to major blood vessels.

Terminology (pt. 3)

aorta - The largest artery in the body. Carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body. brachiocephalic artery - A major artery that branches from the arch of the aorta. pulmonary veins - The blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. chordae tendinae - Fibrous chords that attach to the tricuspid and mitral valves. papillary muscle - Muscles located in the ventricles that attach to the cusps of the tricuspid and mitral valves via the chordae tendinae.

Have a Heart: Vocabulary (Pt. 2)

artery - A type of vessel that carries blood from the heart through the body; part of the circulatory system. vein - A vessel that returns blood—typically deoxygenated—to the heart.

Terminology (pt. 2)

auricles - The ear-like extensions of the atria. left atrium - Chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. right atrium - Chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava. superior vena cava - The second largest vein in the human body. Returns blood to the right atrium from the upper half of the body.

Have a Heart: Vocabulary (pt. 1)

cardiovascular system - The transport system of the body responsible for carrying oxygen and nutrients to the body and carrying away carbon dioxide and other wastes; composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. atria - An upper chamber of the heart where blood enters. The heart has two atria: the left atrium connects to the lungs and the right atrium connects to the veins. ventricle - A lower chamber of the heart where blood exits. The heart has two ventricles: the left ventricle connects to the aorta and the right ventricle connects to the main pulmonary artery (or pulmonary trunk). valve - A body structure that temporarily closes a passage or orifice, or permits movement of fluid in only one direction.

Terminology (pt. 1)

coronary artery - The blood vessels that supply oxygen to the heart's tissues. apex - The bottom of the heart where it comes to a point. left ventricle - The thickest chamber and is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to tissues all over the body. right ventricle - The chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs.

Anatomy and Physiology of the Heart: Vocabulary (pt. 1)

pulmonary circulation - Part of the circulatory system in which deoxygenated blood moves from the right atrium of the heart to the lungs (through arteries) to become oxygenated and then returns to the left side of the heart (through veins). systemic circulation - The series of vessels that bring oxygenated blood from the heart to tissues and return deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart.