1984 Review

What item does Winston discover at the antique shop? Why does it appeal to him?

A piece of coral inside a hemisphere of glass. It seems to belong to a past age.

Who is Ampleforth?

A poet

How does Julia explain the Party's sexual Puritanism?

A private sex life would be out of the Party's control; sexual deprivation created a hysteria that could be funneled into war fever and leader worship.

What is The Brotherhood

A rebel group that is supposedly led by Emmanuel Goldstein "the enemy of the people." It is unknown if this group actually exists due to the fact that O'Brien said that he was part of it and was actually a villain and a member of the thought police.

What musical moment happens in front of Julia and Winston in the shade at their first meeting?

A thrush lands in front of them and begins singing.

Into what three distinct classes are the vocabularies divided, and what are the purposes o each?

A vocabulary, for everyday life; B vocabulary, compound words such as goodthink, crimethought, used for political purposes; C vocabulary, scientific and technical terms,

At the very last page of the book, the victory announcement states that which continent was conquered?

Africa

Why was it such a terrible thing for Winston to write in the diary? What does the account in his diary tell you about this society?

It indicated that he was expressing thoughts not planted in his head by the Party. They are completely oblivious to human rights.

How is reality control an example of doublethink?

It requires the belief that what is true NOW was always true, and that the past has not been altered.

"Some years ago you had a very serious delusion indeed. You believed that three men, three one-time Party members named ___, ___, and ___, men who were executed for treachery and sabotage after making the fullest possible confession -- were not guilty of the crimes they were charged with."

Jones, Aaronson, and Rutherford (quote said by O'Brien)

This person works in the fiction department and lives in a hostel

Julia

Who yells "Swine, swine, swine" and throws a dictionary at the projection of Emmanuel Goldstein?

Julia

"It's nothing. My arm. It'll be all right in a second."

Julia after "falling"

How is the lottery in 1984 similar to lotteries today?

Million of people participate, yet the winners are few. It gives false hope to many people. In our society, there are also those who make a living by "predicting" numbers for people.

Who does this refer to? "[...]everywhere stood the same solid unconquerable figure, made monstrous by work and childbearing, toiling from birth to death and still singing."

That red singing lady (does she even have a name idk)

What did Winston mean by writing, "Freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four. If that is granted, all else follows"?

That the solid world exists and its laws do not change.

What does O'Brien want Winston to get from his house?

The 11th edition of the newspeak dictionary

What is the pub at the end of the book?

The Chestnut Tree

What happened in Winston's dream about the Golden Country?

The dark-haired girl from the office flung off her clothes in a wonderful defiant gesture.

Records Department

Where Winston works in the Ministry of Truth.

"If there was hope, it must lie in the proles, because only there, in those swarming disregarded masses, eighty-five percent of the population of Oceania, could the force to destroy the Party ever be generated."

Winston; written in his journal

"Thoughtcrime does not entail death: thoughtcrime IS death."

Winston; written in his journal

What is Newspeak

deliberately ambiguous and contradictiory language use to mislead and manipulate the public

What is Oldspeak

the language before the revolution containing words that are dangerous to B.B.'s control over society

What flowers does Winston pick for Julia?

Bluebells

Who is Goldstein

supreme enemy of the state; once a high-ranking member of the party

what is facecrime

"...A nervous tic, an unconscious look of anxiety, a habit of muttering to yourself -- anything that carried with it the suggestion of abnormality, of having something to hide. In any case, to wear an improper expression on your face (to look incredulous when a victory was announced, for example) was itself a punishable offence..."

What place of Winston's imagination (and later reality) is this? "It was an old, rabbit-bitten pasture, with a foot-track wandering across it and a molehill here and there. In the ragged hedge on the opposite side of the field the boughs of the elm trees were swaying very faintly in the breeze, their leaves just stirring in dense masses like women's hair."

"Golden Country"

What does this refer to? "It gave off a sickly, oily smell, as of Chinese rice-spirit."

"Victory Gin"

In Oceania's society, what is the only thing that can be counted a as one's own? To what does this refer?

"a few cubic centimeters inside your skull." Thoughts.

Describe the theme of power

1984 is not just about totalitarianism; it makes us live through totalitarianism. The Party wants power for its own sake. The Party carefully monitors the behavior of all of its constituents.

What was the photograph of?

3 innocent men

Who is Captain Olgivy?

A character Winston made up

Who is oglivy

A character Winston makes up, he is the perfect Oceanian

Who is Parsons

A fat, obnoxious, and dull Party member who lives near Winston and works at the Ministry of Truth. He has a dull wife and a group of suspicious, ill-mannered children who are members of the Junior Spies.

Who is Winston

A minor member of the ruling Party in near-future London, Winston Smith is a thin, frail, contemplative, intellectual, and fatalistic thirty-nine-year-old. Winston hates the totalitarian control and enforced repression that are characteristic of his government. He harbors revolutionary dreams.

Fill in the blank. "And a few cubicles away a mild, ineffectual, dreamy creature named ____, with very hairy ears and a surprising talent for juggling with rhymes and metres, was engaged in producing garbled versions -- definitive texts, they were called -- of poems which had become ideologically offensive, but which for one reason or another were to be retained in the anthologies."

Ampleforth

Who is Mr. Charrington

An old man who runs a secondhand store in the prole district. Kindly and encouraging, Mr. Charrington seems to share Winston's interest in the past. He also seems to support Winston's rebellion against the Party and his relationship with Julia, since he rents Winston a room without a telescreen in which to carry out his affair. But Mr. Charrington is not as he seems. He is a member of the Thought Police.

Advocates for no sex for both genders

Anti- sex league

What kind of trees are at Julia and Winston's first meeting spot?

Ash trees

Why does Winston consider himself a dead man?

Because he is guilty of thoughtcrime, and he knows he will be found out eventually.

Why does Winston think Syme will be vaporized? Why does he think Parsons won't?

Because he is too intelligent. He is too stupid.

This person is living a ghost like existence.

Charrington

Why was Winston's concern for Julia a "curious emotion"?

Citizens did not normally feel empathy or sympathy for their peers. Winston thought Julia as "the enemy" so his concern was doubly hard to understand.

What term of endearment is everyone supposed to use?

Comrade

Describe the Two Minutes Hate

Daily telescreen specials in which various elements of crimethink were packaged into a parade of horrible images and sounds, at which, the viewers were expected to boo, hiss, curse and release any negative emotions upon.

What Newspeak concept does the party slogan (WAR IS PEACE / FREEDOM IS SLAVERY etc.) invoke?

Doublethink (a paradox, which basically contradicts itself but, according to the Party, still holds true)

"Oceania was at war with ___: Oceania had always been at war with ___."

Eastasia

What is Ingsoc

English Socialism

What does Winston scold Julia for?

For being a rebel from the waist down

Describe Winston Smith.

Frail, blonde, 39, blue overalls, nervous, depressed.

What can O'Brien do in his house that others can't?

He can turn off his telescreen

Why do you think Winston has little physical desire for Julia in the beginning?

He has been suppressing such feelings for 12 years.

How has Julia changed Winston?

He has stopped drinking so much and has out on weight. His cough and varicose veins have improved.

Who is Comrade Ogilvy, and what does he symbolize?

He is a made-up model citizen. He is a symbol of the party's dishonesty, since he does not exist, yet people believe he does.

Winston "stopped thinking and merely felt." How is this reaction out of character for him?

He is a thinker and tries to be logical; the Party discourages private emotions.

What does Winston not understand about the Party's destruction of the past?

He understands HOW; he does not understand WHY.

Why do you think Winston admits his age, his wife, his varicose veins, and his false teeth?

He wants to know that Julia loves his true self, with nothing hidden.

Describe Winston's dream about his mother. Why did his dream affect him so deeply? What do Winston's memories of his mother symbolize?

He was high and above his mother and sister, watching them drown in a sinking ship. He realized that his mother sacrificed her life for him; he realized that love, loyalty and depth of emotion like his mother's no longer existed, and that he was too young and selfish to ever have expressed his love for his mother to her. The past, when emotions existed.

What "thoughtcrime" did Winston commit? What happens to those arrested by the Thought Police?

He wrote "Down with Big Brother" over and over in his diary. They are vaporized and their existence is forgotten.

How sure is Winston that Mr. Charrington is on his side?

He's quite sure of the shop owner, and even fond of him.

What are the 3 slogans of the party?

Ignorance is strength. War is peace. Freedom is slavery.

In Part VI, what long-antivipated events occurs?

O'Brien speaks to Winston in a way that indicates Winston is right about O'Brien being in the Brotherhood.

"If you mean confessing, we shall do that, right enough. Everybody always confesses. You can't help it. They torture you."

Julia to Winston

"It's the one thing they can't do. They can make you say anything - anything - but they can't make you believe it. They can't get inside you."

Julia to Winston

"You think there's no other way of saving yourself, and you're quite ready to save yourself that way. You want it to happen to the other person. You don't give a damn what they suffer. All you care about is yourself."

Julia to Winston after they betray each other

"They're all over the place. We've even got them in the kitchen at the hostel. Some parts of London are swarming with them. Did you know they attack children?"

Julia to Winston, talking about rats

Who does this refer to? "She had not a thought in her head that was not a slogan, and there was no imbecility, absolutely none that she was not capable of swallowing if the Party handed it out to her."

Katharine (Winston's wife)

Who said "Our duty to the party"?

Katherine

What is the ministry of love responsible for?

Law and order

Who is Goldstein?

Leader of the Brotherhood

What are the three stages of Winston's reintegration?

Learning Understanding Acceptance

What do the bells of St. Clements say?

Lemons and Oranges

Describe the Setting

London, England (known as "Airstrip One" in the novel's alternate reality) in 1984. Winston's apartment, the office canteen, the room at Charrington's, Room 101.

What is the Miniluv

Ministry of Love (law and order). "The place where there is no darkness," its interior lights are never turned off. ironically named, since it is largely responsible for the practice and infliction of misery, fear, suffering, and torture. In a sense, however, the term is accurate, since its ultimate purpose is to instill love of Big Brothe

WHat is the Miniplenty

Ministry of Plenty (rationing). The Ministry of Plenty controlled the entire economy. he Ministry of Plenty does the opposite of its name, since it is in charge of maintaining poverty, scarcity, and financial shortages.

Four ministries are called?

Ministry of Truth (Minitrue), Ministry of Love (Miniluv), Ministry of Peace (Minipax), and Ministry of Plenty (Miniplenty)

What is the Minitrue

Ministry of Truth (propaganda) - Department of the government in charge of all record keeping, history re-writing, and news.

What happened to the books before 1960?

Most were destroyed, but some were rewritten.

"'Ah, I never had [a telescreen]. Too expensive. And I never seemed to feel the need of it, somehow."

Mr. Charrington

"You are the dead."

Mr. Charrington in his 'iron voice' behind the portrait

"I don't bear her any grudge for it. In fact I'm proud of her. It shows I brought her up in the right spirit, anyway."

Mr. Parsons talking about his daughter turning him in

Who said "You are the last man"

O'Brien

"We control matter because we control the mind. Reality is inside the skull."

O'Brien to Winston

"There are occasions when a human being will stand out against pain, even to the point of death. But for everyone there is something unendurable -- something that cannot be contemplated."

O'Brien to Winston (in Room 101)

"We shall meet in the place where there is no darkness."

O'Brien to Winston (several times in story; in Winston's dream, once out loud)

"It is not enough to obey him: you must love him."

O'Brien to Winston about Big Brother

Eurasia

One of the 3 Superstates. (Political System: Neo-Bolshevism) Comprised of the whole northern part of the European and Asiatic land-mass, from Portugal to the Bering Strait. Eurasia was Oceania's enemy at the start of the novel, and by the end Eurasia had always been Oceania's ally.

"You're a traitor! You're a thought-criminal! You're a Eurasian spy! I'll shoot you, I'll vaporize you, I'll send you to the salt mines!"

Parson's nine year old son

"I'm glad they got me before it got too far"

Parsons

Who lives next to Winston?

Parsons

Who said "Of course I'm guilty! They wouldn't arrest an innocent man!"

Parsons

"Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the present controls the past."

Party slogan

What hope does Winston have about O'Brien?

That he is intelligent and politically unorthodox; that he knows something about the Brotherhood.

How does proletarian literature differ from that produced for Party members?

Proletarian literature is concerned with rubbish- sports, astrology, sex, and sentimentality; Party literature is a bit more intellectual, although it is complete propaganda.

What is the ministry of truth responsible for?

Propaganda; Correcting news, entertainment, education, and fine arts

"I could be your mother"

Prostitute at miniluv (not the one he sleeps with)

What is the ministry of plenty responsible for?

Rationing and controlling food

What is in short supply at the beginning of the book?

Razors

What are some of the gifts Julia acquires to share with Winston?

Real chocolate, real coffee, real tea, real sugar, makeup, perfume (violets),

what is Doublethink

Reality Control. The power to hold two completely contradictory beliefs in one's mind simultaneously, and accept both of them.

What is the worst thing on the world?

Room 101

"Don't you enjoy being alive? Don't you like feeling: This is me, this is my hand, this is my leg, I'm real, I'm solid, I'm alive! Don't you like this?"

Said by Julia to Winston

How far does Julia's interest in Party doctrine go?

She is interested only in the facets that directly affect her life and interfere with her wishes. She doesn't seem to object in principle or have much interest in an intellectual discussion.

How is Julia different from the orthodox Party member Winston had thought she was?

She loves the excitement of getting away with something, enjoys sex, uses foul language, and seems to have found a way of being fairly happy by appearing to be a model citizen. She is much more daring than Winston.

What surprises does Julia have for Winston in part IV? What does Winston's delight over these everyday items indicate about the news the Ministry of Plenty circulates?

Sugar, white bread, jam, milk, coffee and tea. That it is lies; there are shortages of everything.

"I like to see them kicking. And above all, at the end, the tongue sticking right out, and blue a quite bright blue. That's the detail that appeals to me."

Syme

Fill in the blank. "In an intellectual way, ____ was venomously orthodox. ___ would talk with a disagreeable gloating satisfaction of helicopter raids on enemy villages, and trials and confessions of thought-criminals, the executions in the cellars of the Ministry of Love."

Syme

"Don't you see that the whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow the range of thought? In the end we shall make thoughtcrime literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it. Every concept that can ever be needed, will be expressed by exactly one word, with its meaning rigidly defined and all its subsidiary meanings rubbed out and forgotten."

Syme to Winston

What had Winston dreamed seven years ago?

That O'Brien whispered to him, "We shall meet in the place where there is no darkness."

What are the 4 ministries and their purpose?

The Ministry of Truth oversees news, entertainment, education, and the arts. The Ministry of Peace is in charge of war. The Ministry of Plenty is concerned with economic affairs, and the Ministry of Love enforces laws.

With whom does Winston believe hope for the future lies? Why?

The Proles. They make up 85% of the population, and since they are illiterate slaves of the Party they are not considered important. They have, however, retained a certain amount of humanity, which requires no intelligence.

Who is Emmanuel Goldstein? What purpose does he serve in the government? How did Winston sometimes feel toward Goldstein? In what other ways was Winston's hate channeled?

The enemy of the people and the focus of the Two Minutes Hate. It gives the people a "traitor" to unite against, reinforcing their own witless devotion. His heart went out to him. Toward the girl with dark hair, who was pretty and sexless and seemed very orthodox.

Where does Winston meet Ampleforth?

The ministry of love

What is the significance of the coral in the glass globe?

The piece of coral, like the feelings in Winston's and Julia;s hearts, is protected by the glass the way the room protects them from the eyes of Big Brother. Both the coral piece and the lover's feeling are from a past world.

What is the permanent meeting place of the twi lovers?

The room above Mr. Charrington's antique shop.

All children must belong to ...

The spies

Who said "You are the dead"

The telescreen

Winston think Julia is a part of...

The thought police

What kind of invasion of privacy exist in Oceania?

The two-way telescreen, the Police Patrol swooping down in helicopters to peer in people's windows, the constant fear of being targeted as an enemy by the Thought Police, the posters of Big Brother with reminders that "Big Brother is Watching You."

Why is Winston fascinated with the proprietor's rhyme about the church bells?

There are no longer any church bells, yet the rhyme recalls their sound for Winston. The rhyme, too, is from a past age.

Why doesn't tragedy exist in Winston's world? In what way is tragedy an important part of our lives?

There can be no tragedy if there is no emotion and no privacy. We can "learn" from the tragedies that happen to others, such as drunk driving accidents. We also learn to feel compassion, perhaps to alleviate suffering, to grow stronger from our own tragedies, and to be thankful for good fortune.

What is so appealing about the room above the shop?

There is no telescreen, and old 12-hour clock, a big bed, and the room seems somehow a safe haven from the intruding eyes of Big Brother.

Why have other totalitarian governments failed?

They allow martyrs, the party does not

What amusements do the Parson's children enjoy?

They play "Thought Police" they go to hangings, hikes, and drills with their youth group, the Spies.

Where did Winston finally receive directions to a meeting place from Julia?

They stood together in a large crowd watching a procession of Eurasian prisoners. They had to look straight ahead and talk without moving their lips.

Why is their final embrace a "political act" for Winston and Julia?

They were doing something that was completely unorthodox: defying Big Brother by feeling good and loving one another.

Who is BB

Though he never appears in the novel, and though he may not actually exist, Big Brother, the perceived ruler of Oceania, is an extremely important figure. Everywhere Winston looks he sees posters of Big Brother's face bearing the message "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU." Big Brother's image is stamped on coins and broadcast on the unavoidable telescreens; it haunts Winston's life and fills him with hatred and fascination.

What does the "The Place Where There Is No Darkness" signify?

Throughout the novel Winston imagines meeting O'Brien in "the place where there is no darkness." The words first come to him in a dream, and he ponders them for the rest of the novel. Eventually, Winston does meet O'Brien in the place where there is no darkness; instead of being the paradise Winston imagined, it is merely a prison cell in which the light is never turned off. The idea of "the place where there is no darkness" symbolizes Winston's approach to the future: possibly because of his intense fatalism (he believes that he is doomed no matter what he does), he unwisely allows himself to trust O'Brien, even though inwardly he senses that O'Brien might be a Party operative.

To what are the proles loyal? In what "condition" have they remained?

To each other. Humans.

what is Thoughtcrime

To even consider any thought not in line with the principles of Ingsoc. Doubting any of the principles of Ingsoc. All crimes begin with a thought. So, if you control thought, you can control crime.

What is the purpose of Newspeak?

To provide a medium of expression appropriate to the proper mental attitude of Ingsoc devotees, all unnecessary words are to be purged.

What is Winston's primary task at work?

To rewrite articles from the past so that the Party appears to never have been wrong; to eradicate names of those who have been vaporized.

Why is it so difficult for Winston to get in touch with Julia after he receives her note? Why doesn't he just go up and talk to her?

Trying to follow her home would be dangerous since he might be seen; all letters were opened so he couldn't write to her. Just going up to her at work would be too suspect.

what is a telescreen

Two way television. All party members have one in every room of their apartments. Because of this, the party member is never out of earshot of the latest party propaganda, and not one second goes by that they are not under the surveillance of the party. There was no way to change the channel, and the telescreen could not be turned off except by members of the Inner Party.

Describe Victory Mansions. Why is the name ironic?

Victory Mansions, Winston's home, is a smelly, run-down place with no electricity in the daytime and an inoperable elevator. It is certainly no mansion.

"Old flats, built in 1930 or thereabouts, and were falling to pieces"

Victory mansions (Winston lives here)

What is the ministry of peace responsible for?

War

What is the slogan of the party?

War is peace Freedom is slavery Ignorance is strength

Fill in the blank. "A blond-headed, silly-faced young man named ____, whom he barely knew, was inviting him with a smile to a vacant place at his table. It was not safe to refuse. After having been recognized, he could not go and sit at a table with an unattended girl. It was too noticeable. He sat down with a friendly smile. The silly blond face beamed into his. Winston had a hallucination of himself smashing a pick-axe right into the middle of it."

Wilsher

What does the glass paperweight symbolize?

Winston buys a paperweight in an antique store in the prole district that comes to symbolize his attempt to reconnect with the past. Symbolically, when the Thought Police arrest Winston at last, the paperweight shatters on the floor.

What small scrap of truth about the past had Winston once held in his hands?

Winston had seen a newspaper photograph showing the counter-revolutionaries Jones, Aronson, and Rutherford in Eurasia on the same date that it was later reported they were confessing to their activities in Oceania. This was hard evidence if distortion, that the confessions were lies, but Winston threw the newspaper photo into the memory hole, too terrified to keep it.

"Tear her face off, strip her to the bones. Not me!"

Winston, in Room 101

"'The proles are human beings,' he said aloud. 'We are not human."

Winston to Julia

"But it did exist! It does exist! It exists in memory. I remember it. You remember it."

Winston to O'Brien, who had just burned the photograph and declared that it did not exist

Do you think Winston's immediate trust of Julia is foolish? It is justified?

Winston trusts Julia because he saw that she was "frightened out of her wits" when she handed him the note.

Contains a sheltered alcove

Winston's apartment

Who is Katharine

Winston's former wife who was a "mouthpiece for the Party." He hated being with her and she hated sex, and couldn't produce a kid, so they parted.

Who does this refer to? "___ did everything that was needed -- cooked, washed, mended, made the bed, swept the floor, dusted the mantelpiece -- always very slowly and with a curious lack of superfluous motion, like an artist's lay-figure moving of its own accord."

Winston's mother after her husband disappeared

"It was a blow struck against the Party. It was a political act."

Winston's perception of making love to Julia

Who is Katherine? What is the only purpose of sexual relations in the party's estimation?

Winston's wife, no longer with him. Propagation.

According to the Party, has Oceania always been at war with Eurasia? According to Winston?

Yes. No.

Who is O'Brien

a mysterious member of the inner Party who WINSTON thinks is a member of the Brotherhood but who actually works at the Miniluv

What is an Unperson

a person regarded as nonexistent and having no rights

what is Artsem

artificial insemination, what O'Brien hopes will happen in the future in his attempts to abolish the orgasm

What is Ownlife

individualism and eccentricity; desire to do something for your own benefit. (i.e. hobbies, ownership of property, love, or any other Thoughtcrime)

"Thirty to forty group! Take your places, please. Thirties to forties!"

instructor lady on telescreen

Who is Syme

intelligent, works at the ministry of truth, specializes in language, works on a new edition of the newspeak dictionary before getting vaporized

What is the Minipax

ministry of peace; in charge of perpetual warfare

Describe what it means to be Vaporized

one day, someone might just disappear and their name erased from everything ever. They have been vaporized, or wiped out from the world supposedly for doing something wrong.

Describe the Junior Anti-Sex League

organization for women promoting chastity; wear a red sash

What is a Steamer

prole word for rocket bomb

what is a Memory hole

sort of like a paper shredder for 1984; sends old papers to a furnace in the Minitrue; helps Party eliminate the past and control cizitens' minds and memories

Describe the Pornosec

sub-section of the Fiction Department which used women as workers and turned out cheap pornography for the proles; nicknamed Muck House

Who are Jones, Aaronson, and Rutherford

the three men who are wrongly accused of thought crime and planning against the party, Winston had a picture 11 years ago which proved them Innocent but he put it in a memory hole, O'Brien shows him the picture when Winston is being "corrected"

what is Duckspeak

to speak without thinking. Applied to the oppenent it is abuse; applied to someone you agree with, it is praise.

What do the Telescreens symbolize

visible symbol of the Party's constant monitoring of its subjects. In their dual capability to blare constant propaganda and observe citizens, the telescreens also symbolize how totalitarian government abuses technology for its own ends instead of exploiting its knowledge to improve civilization.