20th Century Artists

Henri Matisse

French Fauvist artist; painted his wife Amelie in Woman with a Hat

Paul Cezanne

French Post-Impressionist artist known for The Card Players and The Bathers

Henri Rousseau

French Post-Impressionist painter in the Primitive period; painted The Sleeping Gypsy and Tiger in a Tropical Storm

Francis Bacon

Irish-British figurative painter known for his Three Studies series of triptychs

A.M. Cassandre

Ukrainian-French painter, commercial poster artist, and typeface designer; known for painting European ocean liners

Kathe Kollwitz

female German painter who offered a macabre account of the human condition and tragedy of war

John Sloan

founder of Ashcan school of American art; painted McSorley's Bar and Wake of the Ferry

Mies

full name is Ludwig Mies van der Rohe; one of pioneers of modern architecture; "skin and bones" architecture; "less is more" and "God is in the details".

David Hockney

important British painter who contributed heavily to the Pop art movement

Philip Johnson

influential American architect who won the first Pritzker prize; best-known openly gay architect in America

Jackson Pollock

influential American painter and major figure of abstract expressionism; well known for his unique style of drip painting; married Lee Krasner

Larry Rivers

American artist; known as the godfather or grandfather of Pop Art

Maya Lin

American designer of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial

Charles Russell

American artist of The Old American West; "the cowboy artist"

Jennifer Bartlett

American artist. Her work combines abstract and representational styles; known for Houses

Grandma Moses

AKA Anna Mary Robertson; renowned American folk artist who made The Old Checkered Inn in Summer

David Smith

American Abstract Expressionist sculptor and painter, best known for creating large steel abstract geometric sculptures.

Maurice Prendergast

American Post-Impressionist artist who worked in oil, watercolor, and monotype; His paintings have been aptly described as tapestry-like or resembling mosaics.

Frank Lloyd Wright

American architect of Fallingwater and Taliesin studio

Minoru Yamasaki

American architect of the original World Trade Center

Julia Morgan

American architect who was the first woman to be a licensed architect in California; known for her work on Hearst Castle in San Simeon, CA

Gordon Bunshaft

American architect, a leading proponent of modern design in the mid-twentieth century; The long list of his notable buildings includes Lever House in New York and the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C.

Louis Tiffany

American artist and designer who worked in the decorative arts and is best known for his work in stained glass

Isamu Noguchi

American artist and landscape architect; he also designed stage sets for various Martha Graham productions, and several mass-produced lamps and furniture pieces

James Rosenquist

American artist and one of the protagonists in the pop-art movement. Known for F-111, an 86-foot long sculpture

Georgia O'Keefe

American artist best known for her paintings of enlarged flowers, New York skyscrapers, and New Mexico landscapes; "Mother of American modernism"

Andy Warhol

American leading figure of pop art movement; founded Interview magazine; has a studio called The Factory; "15 minutes of fame"; movie Chelsea Girls and Campbell's Soup Cans

Thomas Benton

American muralist who was at the forefront of the Regionalist movement, or American Scene movement; painted "American Today" and "Indian Murals"

Norman Rockwell

American painter and illustrator most famous for cover illustrations of everyday life in the Saturday Evening Post; Willie Gillis series, Rosie the Riveter, The Problem We All Live With, Saying Grace, and the Four Freedoms series

Frank Stella

American painter and printmaker, noted for his work in the areas of minimalism and post-painterly abstraction;

Grant Wood

American painter best known for American Gothic, an iconic painting of the 20th century

Ralph Goings

American painter closely associated with the Photorealism movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s. He is best known for his highly detailed paintings of hamburger stands, pick-up trucks, and California banks, portrayed in a deliberately objective manner.

Andrew Wyeth

American painter known for "painting his life"; painted Christina's World

Jasper Johns

American painter of Flags

Robert Henri

American painter who was the leading figure of Ashcan School

Rockwell Kent

American painter, printmaker, illustrator, and writer; main suspect of the Monhegan Incident where a painting connects him with the mid-summer disappearance and death of 49-year-old Sally Maynard Moran, a longtime friend and model he sketched in the early 1920s

Robert Rauschenberg

American pop artist well known for his "Combines"

Roy Liechtenstein

American pop artist who made Whaam! and Drowning Girl

Jim Dine

American pop artist. He is sometimes considered to be a part of the Neo-Dada movement; formally presented a nine meter high bronze statue depicting a walking Pinocchio, named Walking to Borås to the city of Borås, Sweden

George Bellows

American realist painter, known for his bold depictions of urban life in New York City, becoming, according to the Columbus Museum of Art, "the most acclaimed American artist of his generation"

Boris Aronson

American scenic designer for Broadway and Yiddish theatre. He won the Tony Award for Scenic Design six times in his career.

Alexander Calder

American sculptor known as the originator of the mobile, also made stabiles, monumental stationary sculptures

Louise Nevelson

American sculptor known for her monumental, monochromatic, wooden wall pieces and outdoor sculptures. Born in the Poltava Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine), she emigrated with her family to the United States in the early 20th century.

Claes Oldenburg

American sculptor, best known for his public art installations typically featuring very large replicas of everyday objects. Another theme in his work is soft sculpture versions of everyday objects. Many of his works were made in collaboration with his wife, Coosje van Bruggen

Man Ray

American visual artists who made rayographs, photographs made without a camera

Edward Gorey

American writer and artist noted for his illustrated books. His characteristic pen-and-ink drawings often depict vaguely unsettling narrative scenes in Victorian and Edwardian settings; illustrated gothic fables and PBS's Mystery

Joseph Olbrich

Austrian architect and co-founder of the Vienna Secession

Egon Schiele

Austrian artist who was a protege of Gustav Klimt; known for many naked self-portraits

Oskar Kokoschka

Austrian artist, poet and playwright best known for his intense expressionistic portraits and landscapes

Gustav Klimt

Austrian symbolist painter who founded the Vienna Secession; made The Kiss and Danae

Rene Magritte

Belgian surrealist artist; challenged observers' preconceived perceptions of reality

Jacob Epstein

British sculptor who helped pioneer modern sculpture; known for The Rock Drill

Christo

Bulgarian architect who worked on fabric wrapping around huge areas

I.M. Pei

Chinese-American architect who won the Pritzker Prize; designed glass-and-steel pyramid of Louvre

Gutzon Borglum

Danish-American artist and sculptor famous for creating the monumental presidents' heads at Mount Rushmore, South Dakota; the famous carving on Stone Mountain near Atlanta

Camille Pissarro

Danish-French Impressionist; dean of Impressionist painters; painted Morning Sunlight

Willem de Kooning

Dutch American abstract expressionist known for his Woman I, Easter Monday, Attic, and Excavation

Piet Mondrian

Dutch contributor to the De Stijl movement

Henry Moore

English abstract artist of the human figure, typically depicting mother-and-child or reclining figures

Jamie Reid

English artist best known for the Sex Pistols' graphic art and God Save the Queen

Barbara Hepworth

English artist or sculptor; one of few female Modernists to achieve international prominence

Graham Sutherland

English artist, notable for glass, fabrics, prints and portraits. He designed the tapestry for the re-built Coventry Cathedral. He was an official war artist in the Second World War.

Eero Saarinen

Finnish-American architect and industrial designer of the 20th century famous for shaping his neofuturistic style; known for TWA terminal at NYC's Kennedy Airport

Hector Guimard

French architect, who is now the best-known representative of the Art Nouveau style of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Georges Braque

French co-founder of Cubism although his most important contributions were in his alliance with Fauvism

Claude Monet

French co-founder of Impressionism; his painting Impressionist Sunrise gave the movement its name; water lilies

Marcel Duchamp

French painter of Nude Descending a Staircase No.2 and Fountain

Georges Rouault

French painter, draughtsman, and printer, whose work is often associated with Fauvism and Expressionism;

Fernand Leger

French painter, sculptor, and filmmaker. He created a personal form of cubism which he gradually modified into a more figurative, populist style. His boldly simplified treatment of modern subject matter has caused him to be regarded as a forerunner of pop art.

Auguste Rodin

French sculptor of The Thinker, The Kiss, and The Burghers of Calais

Aristide Maillol

French sculptor, painter, and printmaker; sculpted massive female nudes

Gaston Lachaise

French-American sculptor of Standing Woman

Walter Gropius

German architect and founder of the Bauhaus School

George Grosz

German artist known especially for his caricatural drawings and paintings of Berlin life in the 1920s; made The Funeral

Lyonel Feininger

German-American Expressionist who was also a cartoonist and caricaturist; At a London art auction, his painting The Green Bridge sold for 2.42 million pounds

Josef Albers

German-born American artist and educator; made "Homage to the Square"

Peter Max

German-born American illustrator and graphic artist currently living in New York City. He's known for his use of psychedelic shapes and color palettes, spectra in his work, and the counter-culture, pop-art-focused nature of his art.

Marcel Breuer

Hungarian-born modernist known for his furniture designs and developing a carpentry shop in Bauhaus

Giorgio de Chirico

Italian artist and founder of the metaphysical art movement, which influenced the surrealists

Amedeo Modigliani

Italian painter of Redheaded Girl in Evening Dress and Madame Pompadour

Mark Rothko

Latvian-Russian-American abstract expressionist; one of famous postwar artists

Jacques Lipchitz

Lithuanian Cubist sculptor; known for Harpist

Ben Shahn

Lithuanian-American artist who is best known for his works of social realism, his left-wing political views, his series of lectures published as The Shape of Content, and Sacco and Vanzetti works

Diego Rivera

Mexican muralist who had a volatile marriage with Frida Kahlo

David Siquieros

Mexican social realist painter of large mural frescoes; participated in an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Leon Trotsky

Edvard Munch

Norwegian painter of The Scream

Constantin Brancusi

Romanian sculptor known as the patriarch of modern sculpture; known for Sleeping Muse and The Kiss

Saul Steinberg

Romanian-American cartoonist and illustrator known for the magazine The New Yorker

Louis Kahn

Russian American who served as professor of Yale School of Architecture

Leon Bakst

Russian painter and costume designer

Wassily Kandinsky

Russian painter of the first purely abstract works

Marc Chagall

Russian-French artist; quintessential Jewish artist of the 20th century

Pablo Picasso

Spanish painter who co-founded the Cubist movement; Blue and Rose Period; painted The Young Ladies of Avignon and Guernica

Juan Gris

Spanish sculptor whose Cubist works are the movement's most distinctive

Salvador Dali

Spanish surrealist whose best known work is The Persistence of Memory

Alberto Giacometti

Swiss sculptor, painter, draughtsman and printmaker; known for the Men Walking series

Le Corbusier

Swiss-French architect who prepared the master plan for the Indian city of Chandigarh

Paul Klee

Swiss-German painter known for his lectures Writings on Form and Design Theory

Steinlen

Swiss-born French Art Nouveau painter of cats

Antoni Gaudi

best known practitioner of Catalan Modernism; "God's Architect"; Most of his works are located in Barcelona, including his magnum opus, the Sagrada Família.

Red Grooms

born Charles Rogers Grooms; American multimedia artist best known for his colorful pop-art constructions depicting frenetic scenes of modern urban life;

Judy Chicago

born Judith Sylvia Cohen; American feminist artist who founded the first feminist art program in the U.S.; masterpiece is The Dinner Party

Helen Frankenthaler

major American female abstract expressionist painter who was a major contributor of postwar American painting

N.C. Wyeth

one of America's greatest illustrators known for illustrating Treasure Island and Robinson Crusoe; Scribner's

Jose Orozco

one of the 3 Mexican muralists along with Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siquieros;

Childe Hassam

prolific American impressionist painter noted for his urban and coastal scenes

Max Ernst

prolific German painter who was a primary pioneer of Dada movement and Surrealism

Edward Hopper

prominent American realist who painted Nighthawks

Edward Lutyens

the greatest British architect known for designing and building a section of Delhi

Edward Stone

twentieth-century American architect and an early proponent of modern architecture in the United States; known for the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C.

Frederick Hart

twentieth-century American sculptor whose work recalls the figurative tradition of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; sculpted The Three Soldiers near the Vietnam Memorial