2.2 Mixtures

Based on the distribution of their components, mixtures can be classified as

heterogeneous mixtures or as homogeneous mixtures.

homogeneous mixture

A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout. (ex. The substances in the olive oil are evenly distributed throughout the mixture. So, olive oil doesn't look like a mixture. The same is true for vinegar. Vinegar is a mixture of water and acetic acid, which dissolves in the water.

heterogeneous mixture

A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout is a heterogeneous mixture. (ex. In chicken noodle soup, the ingredients in the soup are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture. There is likely to be different amounts of chicken and noodles in each spoonful.)

Solution

Another name for a homogeneous mixture is a solution.

State one method that can be used to separate mixtures.

Differences in physical properties can be used to separate mixtures.

Distillation

During a distillation, a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a liquid.

Filtration

The process that separates a solid from the liquid in a heterogeneous mixture is called filtration.

Olive oil and vinegar are homogeneous mixtures. The substances in these mixtures are evenly distributed. When olive oil and vinegar are mixed, they form

a heterogeneous mixture with two distinct phases.

mixture

a physical blend of two or more components

a homogeneous mixture consists of how many phases

of a single phase.

phase

phase is used to describe any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties.

A heterogeneous mixture consists of how many phases.

two or more phases.