25 questions from test 2, 3, 4, and 5 final
The decider will have asked relevant questions before deciding.
A "test" to determine whether a decision was reached through ethical considerations is: 1. The decider will have asked relevant questions before deciding. 2. The result will be a win-win. 3. A decision will not be made without consulting others. 4. All of the above.
None of the above.
A benefit that comes from time spent studying the topic of ethics is that: 1. No incorrect decisions will be made. 2. All decisions will have a positive outcome. 3. People appreciate speedy responses. 4. None of the above.
The tendency to weigh authenticity as a factor more important than community.
A complication that arises with ethical decision-making in many societies, including American society, is: 1. The tendency to put too much weight on what other people might think. 2. The tendency to put societal interests first and not consider the individual. 3. The tendency to weigh authenticity as a factor more important than community. 4. The tendency to believe decisions are made without sufficient information.
Simple negligence ... actual malice.
A private human plaintiff in a libel case must prove (blank) while a public official or person must prove (blank). 1. Falsity .... beyond a reasonable doubt. 2. Financial impact ... actual loss of sales. 3. Actual malice .... carelessness. 4. Simple negligence ... actual malice.
Must delete all information about a person upon request.
A provision in California law that will likely spread to other states says entities that gather personal information: 1. Must pay people who share information online if that information is used to send the people marketing messages. 2. Must purge all data on Jan. 1 and July 1 (twice per year) to make sure new and updated online profiles are created. 3. Must delete all information about a person upon request. 4. Must not offer discounts to some people without offering them to everyone.
Technology shapes how we as individuals in a society think, feel, act, and how our society operates as we move from one technological age to another.
A technological determinist believes: 1. People are driven to find shorter ways to accomplish their goals. 2. We live in a society where beliefs and practices are shaped by personal experience. 3. Fundamental human values never change despite scientific and other discoveries. 4. Technology shapes how we as individuals in a society think, feel, act, and how our society operates as we move from one technological age to another.
Nothing was published.
Ed was the manager of a restaurant. At closing time one night, he asked Bob, a server, to step out the back door with him. No one else was around and Ed told Bob he was fired because Ed saw him taking tip money out of the bartender's jar when the bartender wasn't looking. "You are a thief and a crook, and you will never work here as long as I am manager," Ed said. The truth, however, was that the bartender was periodically removing cash from the jar. Bob was completely innocent, but he was very angry about being fired and especially angry about being called a thief. Why doesn't Bob have a libel case against Ed? 1. He can't prove actual malice. 2. Nothing was published. 3. It was an innocent mistake. 4. The element of identity is missing.
2100.
Ed wrote and copyrighted a book in the year 2000. He died in 2030. When will his copyright expire? 1. 2095. 2. 2070. 3. 2100. 4. Never.
Marketing.
For what main purpose do social media companies manage content? 1. Politics. 2. Avoiding lawsuits. 3. Marketing. 4. Social media platforms may not moderate what members post.
No. Mississippi courts of record allow cameras in courtrooms, but limit their use to credentialed members of the media.
Frank was super proud of his spouse who was a lawyer presenting a case in a state court in Mississippi for the first time. Frank wanted to record the event to archive in the family history. May Frank do this? 1. Yes. Courtrooms in America are public spaces. Anything a person can do in a public space - such as recording - is constitutionally allowed in any courtroom. 2. Yes. Mississippi courts of record allow use of cameras in court, but do require advance permission. 3. No. Mississippi courts of record allow cameras in courtrooms, but limit their use to credentialed members of the media. 4. No. Mississippi strictly forbids use of audio and video recording in all state courtrooms.
A best practice would be to get Frank's signature on a model consent form.
Frank was working as a lifeguard at a Florida beach. A photographer approached him and told Frank he was shooting images for a brochure for a beachside hotel. He asks Frank if he can take pictures of Frank that might be used in the brochure. What else should the photographer do? 1. A best practice would be to get Frank's signature on a model consent form. 2. Negotiate payment to Frank. This would be a commercial use of Frank's image and under the Constitution Frank must be compensated. 3. Under the law in Florida and all other states with beaches, photographing lifeguards is illegal because it distracts them from their duties. 4. Nothing. Frank is a public employee in a public place. He has no reasonable expectation of privacy.
Luigi loses. Businesses don't have personal privacy rights.
Mario and Luigi operated restaurants across the street from each other, and Mario noticed Luigi's always had more customers. Wearing a disguise, Mario went into Luigi's and stole a copy of Luigi's menu. As he suspected, Luigi's prices were lower. To increase competition, Mario lowered his prices. Luigi found out what Mario had done and decided to sue for invasion of privacy. What result? Why? 1. Luigi loses. Menus are public record. 2. Luigi wins. This was an intrusion upon seclusion. 3. Luigi wins. Restaurant prices are for use in restaurants only. 4. Luigi loses. Businesses don't have personal privacy rights.
All of the above.
Marsha created a smart phone battery that never needs to be recharged. She applied for and received a patent for this battery. What powers did Marsha receive by obtaining a patent? 1. She may retain the exclusive right to make the smart phone battery for 20 years. 2. She may donate her patent to a charitable foundation as a gift. 3. She may sell the patent. 4. All of the above.
Morals
Marsha knew Sue was taking a class in law and ethics. She asked, "What do you call the standards of what's acceptable in a society and what's not?' Sue answered, correctly: 1. Morals 2. Values 3. Aphorisms. 4. Conjecture.
Kwame Appiah
Accepting and understanding that cultural differences are real will help the world's people get used to each other. This idea has been advanced by: 1. W.D. Ross. 2. Kwame Appiah. 3. John Rawls. 4. Horace Greeley.
No. You were in a public place so you had no reasonable expectation of privacy.
Mary attended a baseball game where a tradition was to toss cups of beer into the air when a player for the home team hit a home run. After one home run, Mary was drenched - her hair was dripping beer, her makup was running and she looked awful. She looked up and happened to notice her face was on the large screen where everyone in the ballpark could see. People were laughing and pointing. She was terribly embarrassed at her appearance and asks you, a JOUR 369 scholar, if there's anything she can do about this. You know the law, so you correctly respond: 1. No. You were in a public place so you had no reasonable expectation of privacy. 2. Yes, because you don't normally look like you did on the screen this was false light. 3. Yes, because you were embarrassed this was intrusion upon seclusion. 4. Yes, your image was used for entertainment so this was appropriation.
Laura must decline to provide information about the injuries based on HIPAA unless each patient has specifically agreed that their injuries be disclosed to the law firm.
After graduating, Laura landed her dream job as a communications specialist for a large hospital. During her first week, a city bus wrecked and 24 people were taken to the hospital for which Mary was spokesperson. After graduating, Bob landed his dream job as a marketing specialist for a large personal injury law firm in the same city as Laura. He called her and said the law firm wanted to send flowers to every injured person and asked that Laura share their names, room numbers and the specific extent of their injuries. What is the right thing to do? 1. Under HIPAA, Laura must end the call from Bob and report his request to local police. 2. Laura must decline to provide information about the injuries based on HIPAA unless each patient has specifically agreed that their injuries be disclosed to the law firm. 3. Under HIPAA, Laura must comply completely with Bob's request so long as none of the injured people are minors. 4. Laura cannot provide any information to Bob or anyone else under HIPAA.
Value proposition.
An arrangement in which the parties' expectations are met is called a: 1. Moral lapse. 2. Value proposition. 3. Civic virtue. 4. Virtue-signalling.
All of the above.
An ethical life has become more difficult (and more important) due to: 1. The speed at which action is expected. 2. The unprecedented amount of instantly available content. 3. An increased tendency to put self above others. 4. All of the above.
If Angel agrees she must somehow disclose that she is an influencer for the store.
Angel Clark was a basketball superstar at her college. She frequently purchased her meals at a store known for simple, high-quality pure foods. Buster, who owned the store, mentioned to Angel that he'd give her 10 percent off every purchase if she'd say something favorable about his store on her social media, especially since she had more than 100,000 followers. According to the Federal Trade Commission, ... 1. Angel can do this, but cannot lie. If, for instance, she obtains food from the store that is spoiled or tastes bad, she has to disclose that, too. 2. Angel cannot do this under longstanding Langham Act provisions. 3. If Angel agrees, she must include the specific terms (the 10 percent discount) that she receives in exchange for her favorable posts. 4. If Angel agrees she must somehow disclose that she is an influencer for the store.
A product.
Apple CEO Tim Cook said many people don't realize it, but when a person is online with a free internet app, the person is: 1. Wasting time. 2. An addict. 3. A product. 4. Bait.
Whether people's interest in making their own decisions is greater than the public need to set rules for everybody.
Ar various times and on various topics, the U.S. Supreme Court has been asked to rule on laws affecting personal privacy. Often when that occurs, the key issue is: 1. Whether the existence of new technology is driving the discussion. 2. Whether people's interest in making their own decisions is greater than the public need to set rules for everybody. 3. Whether more states have passed a law that invades personal privacy than states with no such laws. 4. Whether data show personal privacy is not relevant to the issue.
Mary had invoked her FERPA right to complete anonymity.
Mary graduated from Louisiana State University with a degree in criminal justice. After working in a court system for a few years, she decided to apply to work for the Federal Bureau Investigation. When the Human Resources worker at the FBI contacted LSU to verify Mary's degree, the registrar's office told the worker, "We have no record of Mary attending Louisiana State University." What does this indicate? 1. Mary had invoked her FERPA right to complete anonymity. 2. Mary should have graduated from the University of Mississippi. 3. Her degree is "directory information" and her directory information may only be released with Mary's written permission. 4. LSU does not have very good record-keeping personnel.
Yes, this is classic commercial appropriation.
Mary liked to wear a baseball cap with her ponytail extending through the gap in the back. Everyone told her it was a really good look for her, so she went to a sporting goods store and bought several caps in different colors to go with different outfits. She posted selfies from time to time in different hats. By chance, the marketing agent for the sporting goods store saw the posted sefies and dragged and dropped them into an advertisement for the store. Mary was not asked if this was OK with her. Anything wrong with this? 1. Technically, Mary should have been asked but if she didn't want people to see the photos she shouldn't have posted them. It sounds harsh, but it's her fault. 2. Yes, this is classic commercial appropriation. 3. Yes, permission of the site where the selfies were posted is required. 4. No, anything can be copied from the internet. It's a public space.
There are nations on this planet where people can be criminally charged by government and government may keep it a secret, and we don't want to live in those places. I know this is an embarrassment, but in America governments have to make it public when the government says it may deprive a person of liberty.
Mary was angry. Her brother, Timmy, had been arrested and charged with shoplifting at Walmart. That was upsetting, but more upsetting was that the Local Police Department placed the names of people officially accused of crimes on its website. "Why is that anybody's business?" Mary asked. "He'll pay the fine and get on with his life, but now everyone will know he made a poor choice." As a student of democracy, you replied correctly, "Mary, I know this doesn't seem right to you, but ..." 1. We can sue the webmaster who posted this. 2. There are nations on this planet where people can be criminally charged by government and government may keep it a secret, and we don't want to live in those places. I know this is an embarrassment, but in America governments have to make it public when the government says it may deprive a person of liberty. 3. You can't sue the police, but you can sue anyone who reposts this information. 4. We can sue the police for defamation.
Brad would need an FAA license to perform commissioned drone work for Channel 3.
Mary was the news director for Channel 3 TV in Memphis. She heard there was a big forest fire near Oxford, where she had gone to school and still knew some people, including Brad who she knew had a camera-equipped drone. She called him and said if he would fly his drone over the fire and send video, Channel 3 would send him $500. What does the law say about this? 1. Nothing. Drone law doesn't exist .... yet. 2. Because he was a hobbyist, not a Channel 3 employee, Brad does not need a license to shoot the video commissioned by the television station. 3. Brad would need an FAA license to perform commissioned drone work for Channel 3. 4. Any time drone video is used in a newscast, the person who shoots the video must have an FAA license.
Carelessness.
Most libel claims arise from: 1. Duress. 2. Investigative journalism. 3. Montana. 4. Carelessness.
Value.
Objectively speaking, what does "the law" not care about? 1. Value. 2. Fungibility. 3. Ownership. 4. Any of the above.
Intrusion.
Of the four privacy torts we covered, which one does not have publication as an element? 1. Intrusion. 2. False light. 3. Public disclosure of private facts. 4. Appropriation.
For as long as it is used and protected. There is no fixed expiration time for trademarks.
Once created, how long does a trademark last? 1. 70 years after the death of the owner. 2. 20 years. 3. 95 years. 4. For as long as it is used and protected. There is no fixed expiration time for trademarks.
Creative Commons Licensing.
Private law has come up with new method to allow a copyright owner to share content widely while also retaining copyright ownership. This is called. 1. Abandonment. 2. Creative Commons Licensing. 3. Revenue sharing. 4. Divestment licensing.
No. By statute, the use of copyrighted material for teaching or scholarship does not require payment or permission of the copyright owner.
Professor Johnson taught a music appreciation class. Often, she would play audio of copyrighted music for her students to illustrate points about different composition techniques. She didn't have permission of the copyright owners to do this. Was she breaking the law? 1. No. By statute, the use of copyrighted material for teaching or scholarship does not require payment or permission of the copyright owner. 2. Yes. The teacher, or her school or university, must obtain a license to use copyrighted material for instructional purposes. 3. No. Teachers are exempt from federal law. 4. Yes. The teacher will be fined if the copyright owners learn what she is doing.
The Statute of Anne
Provisions in the U.S. Constitution about intellectual property rights can be traced to: 1. The Statute of Anne. 2. The Declaration of Independence. 3. The Magna Carta. 4. The Treaty of Paris.
Exempts interactive internet service providers from legal responsibility for anything people post on the providers' sites.
Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act: 1. Was repealed due to complaints from social media companies. 2. Exempts interactive internet service providers from legal responsibility for anything people post on the providers' sites. 3. Requires filters to block porn and shopping sites on library computers and those in K-12 schools. 4. Requires social media companies to remove socially irresponsible content.
Journalists are not required to reveal the identity of confidential sources.
Several states have shield laws. Speaking broadly, these laws say: 1. Journalists must file a subpoena duces tecum to avoid testimony in civil trials. 2. Courts are never empowered to decide matters of national security. 3. Courts are shielded from all provisions of the First Amendment. 4. Journalists are not required to reveal the identity of confidential sources.
As a rule, fashions cannot be copyrighted.
Sheila was the marketing manager for Big Shoes. When she took her daughter to college for the daughter's freshman year, she noticed that many students were wearing bright green tennis shoes. Monday morning, Sheila sent a memo to the Product Development office. "Do we make bright green tennis shoes? If not, please investigate. It seems to be a trend," the memo said. Within weeks, Big Shoes was telling tons of bright green tennis shoes. Seeing this, Giant Shoes, which was the first to make bright green tennis shoes, sued for infringement. What do you know about this? 1. Big Shoes needed to obtain a license from Giant Shoes before going into production. 2. It depends on whether Giant Shoes had a registered trademark for the company name. 3. Big Shoes has illegally taken market share from Giant Shoes. 4. As a rule, fashions cannot be copyrighted.
Whether the benefit is in the public's interest or only the interest of officials seeking closure.
The "acid test" for whether meetings and records should be open or closed to the public is: 1. Whether public knowledge will prove embarrasing to the officials involved because trusting people in power is essential to democracy. 2. Whether or not the records or the meetings include private information. 3. Whether the benefit is in the public's interest or only the interest of officials seeking closure. 4. Whether or not it's possible to redact information in the records or meetings.
Nothing.
The Memphis Theatre Company staged a musical play. As it happened, famous singer Taylor Swift was in the audience on opening night. It was out of character for Swift, but she posted, "Attending that musical was the worst decision of my life. I've never heard such awful noises coming from people who apparently thought they could sing." Because Swift has so many followers, hundreds of people who had reserved tickets for upcoming performances called the theatre to cancel and get refunds. Clearly, Swift's post destroyed any chance the musical would be successful. What can the theatre company do about this? 1. Nothing. 2. Sue Swift for libel based on injury to reputation. 3. Sue Swift for defamation. 4. Their best option is to demand that Swift to pay the company for lost sales.
Larger platforms will be required to establish that uploaders to their sights own or have permission to upload any copyrighted content they submit.
The core requirement of EU Article 17 is that: 1. Larger platforms are exempt from liability in Europe as they are by Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act in the United States. 2. Larger platforms must include disclaimers on every upload to make clear the platforms do not own rights to the content uploaded. 3. Larger platforms will be required to establish that uploaders to their sights own or have permission to upload any copyrighted content they submit. 4. Larger platforms must pay copyright owners for infringements even if the platform is not "guilty" of the upload.
John Stuart Mill.
The driving force for humanity is that first and foremost individuals seek pleasure, also defined as contentment. This was the argument advanced by: 1. John Stuart Mill. 2. W.D. Ross. 3. John Rawls. 4. Kwame Appiah.
It would depend on whether a reasonable person would be offended as Mary was.
As they left the office where they worked, Mary noticed Brenda's car had a flat tire, so Mary offered to drive Brenda home. As Brenda got in to Mary's car, she noticed the strong aroma of pineapple. "Wow," Mary said. "I didn't know you like pineapple so much." "I do," Mary said. "I find it very relaxing." At work the next day, Brenda said, "If y'all ever want to get Mary a present, get her pineapple scented candles or pot pourri. She loves it." Mary overheard this and was both angry and embarrassed. She considered her scent preference her private business and she had not given Brenda permission to tell others. What would be the outcome if Mary sued Brenda for invasion of privacy? 1. Mary would win. False light. 2. It would depend on whether a reasonable person would be offended as Mary was. 3. Brenda would win. Intrusion upon seclusion. 4. Brenda would win because Mary has no physical injuries.
The rights and powers or limitations a person has with respect to specific property.
At the core, "ownership" is defined by: 1. Whether the item in question has monetary value. 2. The power to take a non-fungible item and make it fungible. 3. The rights and powers or limitations a person has with respect to specific property. 4. Possession.
Barbara's employer.
Barbara was employed by Large Marketing, Inc. Her supervisor asked her to develop a marketing plan for a new client. She did. It was brilliant and contained many new and innovative strategies. Absent any other agreement, who owns the copyright to the marketing plan? 1. Barbara's employer. 2. No one. Marketing plans can't be copyrighted. 3. The stockholders of Large Marketing, Inc. 4. The client
Philippa Foot.
Based on truths about plants and animals, this person published "Natural Goodness" to argue that good and bad are not human constructs because they exist in the natural world. 1. John Philip Sousa. 2. Nikki Silvestri. 3. Philippa Foot. 4. W.D. Ross.
These pledges are a marketing plus, in part because they make a company more trustworthy.
What's smart about including statements that inform consumers that a company respects their personal privacy? 1. People have a legal right to know when websites contain false information. 2. These pledges are a marketing plus, in part because they make a company more trustworthy. 3. These statements are required by law in Florida and California, so most firms include them in all their messaging. 4. These pledges are required in Japan, and must be included in the United States because the internet has no geographical limits.
Was this material subject to copyright in the first place?
When facing an accusation of copyright infringement, what is the first question to ask? 1. Is this property immaterial or intangible or both? 2. Was a fair price set in advance for use of the copyrighted item. 3. Was is possible to determine and contact the copyright owner or owners? 4. Was this material subject to copyright in the first place?
A tool individuals use.
When writing about privacy, many philosophers characterize it as: 1. A tool individuals use. 2. Imaginary. 3. Immaterial. 4. A fungible asset.
Steamboat Willie (the first Mickey).
Which of the following Disney characters is now in the pubic domain? 1. Donald Duck. 2. Mickey Mouse. 3. Steamboat Willie (the first Mickey). 4. None of the above.
All of the above.
Which of the following calls for ethical decision-making? 1. What to wear to a business meeting. 2. How much to charge a client for services rendered. 3. End-of-life decisions for loved ones. 4. All of the above.
not miller standard idk which one
Which of the following has proved most effective in managing the availability of sexually explicit materials? 1. State governments under the Miller standard. 2. The marketplace. 3. The federal government. 4. The Department of Commerce.
Never sell or share the information with others.
Which of the following is NOT a best practice recommendation of the Federal Trade Commission for entities that gather private information about people? 1. Delete what's no longer needed. 2. Correct mistakes when notified. 3. Never sell or share the information with others. 4. Inform people what is done with the information gathered.
Stop taking pictures/video.
Which of the following is NOT a lawful order a first responder may give at the public scene of a fight, fire, wreck, crime or other emergency? 1. Stand over there. 2. Get out of the way. 3. Stop taking pictures/video. 4. Stay behind the tape.
Obscene content.
Which of the following is NOT protected by the First Amendment? 1. Sexually explicit content. 2. Obscene content. 3. Indecent content. 4. All of the above.
Ethics is concerned with asking the right questions en route to a decision.
Which of the following is an accurate statement? 1. There are no cultural differences in values. 2. Ethics is concerned with asking the right questions en route to a decision. 3. If a situation is studied thoroughly enough, the resulting decison/action will have a positive outcome. 4. No ethical decision will ever violate a societal standard.
This appears to be a discovery by Judy, so it is not eligible for copyright.
While working as an account planner for the Big Agency, Judy realized that by calculating the square root of a client's market capitalization and using the resulting figure to create the budget for marketing purposes, net yields could be increased 3% to 5%. What do you know about this? 1. Clearly, this is a derivative. 2. This appears to be a discovery by Judy, so it is not eligible for copyright. 3. Judy can own this information, but only if she registers it as a trademark. 4. Judy should apply for a patent.
All of the above.
Why are trademarks important? 1. Because they convey statements to consumers about the uniformity of products and services associated with the trademark. 2. Because they create brand awareness. 3. Because they are so useful in advertising. 4. All of the above.
Because participants are willing and men are sometimes objectified, too.
Why can't sexually explicit content be made illegal based on the objectification/discrimination of women? 1. Because the federal government, not states, has the only constitutional authority to define discrimination. 2. Because the First Amendment guarantee of free expression is absolute. 3. Because of Article III, Section 8. 4. Because participants are willing and men are sometimes objectified, too.
Because degree-related careers center on words, pictures and sounds.
Why do School of Journalism and New Media graduates need to know some intellectual property law? 1. Because federal law imposes serious penalties to people who break these laws. 2. Because degree-related careers center on words, pictures and sounds. 3. Because these laws limit creativity. 4. Because all internet content is in the public domain.
Because the audience for our messages seeks a value proposition, and ethical decision-making makes serving that interest much more likely.
Why is a dive into the world of philosophy and ethics helpful to media practitioners? 1. Because ethical decison-making is consistent with universal cultural values. 2. Because time waits for no man. 3. Because the audience for our messages seeks a value proposition, and ethical decision-making makes serving that interest much more likely. 4. Because speed and accuracy are inversely proportional to profits.
Epictetus.
You are not your body and hair style, but your capacity for choosing well. If your choices are beautiful so too will you be." This quotation is attributed to: 1. Ralph Lauren. 2. Coco Chanel. 3. Epictetus. 4. Seyla Benhabib.
Yes. It's OK under the Booth Rule.
You are the station manager for WBBV-TV. Data from a nightly newscast show that people were really interested in a story about the arrest of a bank employee for stealing customers' money. A newscast about the matter showed the employee being "perp-walked" into the jail. The promotion manager asks if she can use that video as the background in a 10-second promo advertisement encouraging people to watch WBBV-TV for the best news coverage. You respond, correctly: 1. Yes. The commercial use of another's image is not a factor in any setting. 2. No. Just because a person is ACCUSED of a crime doesn't mean their right to privacy no longer exists. 3. Yes. It's OK under the Booth Rule. 4. No. The initial use was news, but using the video again in an advertisement would require permission.
Well, no. The element of defamation is missing. People who know you are not going to shun you because your game stats were misreported.
Your sister stormed into the house, clearly furious. "Look at this, Town News is reporting the high school basketball game. The story says I scored 6 points and had 12 rebounds. The truth is I scored 12 points and had 6 rebounds. You're taking a college course about libel. Couldn't I win a lawsuit?" You answer, correctly: 1. Well, no. It was a simple mistake and anyone could have made it. Media companies have an absolute right to be wrong. 2. Well, no. The element of defamation is missing. People who know you are not going to shun you because your game stats were misreported. 3. Yes, clearly, but first you have to demand a correction. 4. Absolutely. This is a false statement of fact, and that's all you need to win a libel case.
Fair report.
Billy Page was driving home from work after a day's work as the counselor of Jones High School. He was listening to his car radio and was shocked to hear a news item: "Jones High School Counselor Billy Page was fired today for a social media post accusing the school resource officer of being drunk while on duty at the high school." Mr. Page immediately called the superintendent's office and asked what was going on. He had made no such post and didn't even use social media. The superintendent told Billy he wasn't sure, but he thinks the radio station was reading an email the superintendent had determined came from the school district's official email address. "I guess some kids got into our account and thought it would be funny to send something like this to the media. Of course, you have not been fired and there are no indications the resource officer has ever been intoxicated on duty." Billy still believes his reputation has been damaged. If he decides to sue the radio station, what is the radio station's best defense? 1. First Amendment (freedom of the press). 2. Neutral reportage. 3. Sixth Amendment (impartiality). 4. Fair report.
Disparagement statutes.
Black-letter state laws that are similar to the common law of product libel are known as: 1. Reputational statutes. 2. The Fair Trade Act. 3. Disparagement statutes. 4. Dislocation statutes.
Bob is still legally responsible for any harm to Bill's reputation that came from the post while it appeared.
Bob posted on Instagram, "Guess what? They finally figured out why Bill hangs out around the elementary school. He sells those little kids marijuana!." Bill saw the post and contacted Bob, saying, "Why did you post that? It's not true. I'm just there because my nephew has been bullied at the bus stop and I want to see what's happening." Bob apologized and immediately removed the post. What does the law say about this? 1. Bob gets a pass because while his statement was false, he has no legal responsibility because he did the ethical thing by removing it. Bill can still sue Instagram, though. 2. It depends. If Bill tries to win under common law libel he will lose, but if he tries to win under the elements of product disparagement he will win. 3. Bob gets a pass because while his statement was false, he has no legal responsibility because he did the ethical thing by removing it. 4. Bob is still legally responsible for any harm to Bill's reputation that came from the post while it appeared.
It appears Bill has a libel case against Bob, but that U.S. courts have ruled Jill would not be blameworthy for reposting or sharing what Bob posted.
Bob posted on Instagram, "Guess what? They finally figured out why Bill hangs out around the elementary school. He sells those little kids marijuana!." That is false. He does not. He's there because his nephew has been bullied at the bus stop and he wants to see what's happening. Jill saw what Bob posted and shared it. What do we know about this? 1. It appears Bill has a libel case against both Bob and Jill. Bob is a publisher and Jill is a republisher. 2. This cannot be libel because it was on the internet. There's no libel on the internet. 3. Clearly, this is libel, but Bob would have to prove Bill knew he was publishing a false statement as fact. 4. It appears Bill has a libel case against Bob, but that U.S. courts have ruled Jill would not be blameworthy for reposting or sharing what Bob posted.
Are called executive sessions.
Closed meetings held by executive government bodies: 1. Are always illegal. 2. Are limited to emergencies. 3. Do not require public notice. 4. Are called executive sessions.
The Berne Convention.
Due to this treaty, signatory nations will enforce each other's intellectual property laws. 1. The Berne Convention. 2. The Fire Commission. 3. The Blaze Agreement. 4. The Flames Accord.
An unconstitutional prior restraint.
During a trial, a judge turned toward a journalist and said, "The next witness doesn't want anyone to know she testified in this case, so don't use her name or any of her testimony in your reporting." This is an example of: 1. An unconstitutional prior restraint. 2. A constitutional prior restraint. 3. An attempt to preserve juror impartiality. 4. Judicial discretion if it serves the interest of justice.
Immanuel Kant.
During the Winter Break and without looking at his college calendar, Ed, a college student, agreed that because his parents had other obligations, he would take his little brother to a medical appointment on March 13. As the days passed, Ed realized March 13 was during Spring Break - and he had friends who wanted him to come with them to the beach. Ed checks and finds out his little brother's appointment cannot be changed. He decides to tell his friends that he'd like to join them, but he has a prior commitment. Which of the philopsophers we mentioned would Ed's decision make most happy? 1. John Stewart Mill. 2. Immanuel Kant. 3. W.D. Ross. 4. Kwame Appiah.
Deontological.
During the Winter Break and without looking at his college calendar, Ed, a college student, agreed that because his parents had other obligations, he would take his little brother to a medical appointment on March 13. As the days passed, Ed realized March 13 was during Spring Break - and he had friends who wanted him to come with them to the beach. Ed checks and finds out the appointment cannot be changed. He decides to tell his friends that he'd like to join them, but he has a prior commitment. What is the word used to characterize Ed's decision? 1. Teleological. 2. Unfaithful. 3. Irresponsible. 4. Deontological.
Teleological.
Ed was a track coach. Sue, one of his sprinters, had apparently peaked. Every day, his stopwatch recorded exactly the same time for her in the 100M hurdles. He didn't want her to be discouraged, though, so each day he'd tell her she was smidge faster than the day before. In ethical terms, Ed's strategy was: 1. Kantian. 2. Deontological. 3. Incenventory. 4. Teleological.
All of the above.
What's a weird thing about copyright? 1. The Fair Use rule is substantially less than precise. 2. Under the work made for hire doctrine, creative people may not own rights to their creations. 3. Sometimes the owner does not want to claim ownership. 4. All of the above.
Plagiarism.
Jack was a high school senior. The English teacher required all students to write and submit a 2,000-word essay titled, "The Meaning of Life." Jack had access to the Artificial Intelligence platform Chat GPT. He keyed in the prompt, "In 2,000 words, explain the meaning of human life." He submitted the resulting essay to his teacher without revealing that he didn't write it. What term describes what Jack has done? 1. Infringement. 2. Transformative use. 3. Fair use. 4.Plagiarism.
All of the above.
What is an impartial juror in Sixth Amendment terms? 1. A person who is able to reach a verdict based solely on the testimony and evidence produced during a trial. 2. A person who has no bias. 3. A person who has no firm opinions. 4. All of the above
The power govern us comes from our consent, and consent requires knowing what's going on.
What is the core rationale for public access to government meetings and records in the United States? 1. The power govern us comes from our consent, and consent requires knowing what's going on. 2. The Sixth Amendment. 3. Our right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. 4. The fact that elections are held every four years.
There is no such law.
What law empowers merchants to gather information about consumers in order to serve them better? 1. The Netflix Empowerment Act. 2. There is no such law. 3. The Brady Act. 4. The Rule of Thirds.
Yes, but only if you obtained parental permission to use the image of every identifiable child in the photos.
Franklin had a great business idea. He was a designer of custom elementary school and community playgrounds for children. He had a team that would move from community to community, meet with kids, parents and teachers and show them samples of different playground features. As a group, the "customers" would pick their favorite features and, in turn, Franklin would complete drawings with those features and send a team of builders to construct one-of-a-kind playgrounds. Business was really good at first, but Franklin eventually realized he needed a marketing plan to expand his service area. That's when he contacted you. You suggested a digital campaign using profiles to target to elementary school teachers, parents of K-6 children and school administrators.The campaign would consist of photos and video of adults and their children playing and having fun on a completed Franklin Playground. Is everything OK with your plan? 1. Yes, you don't need anything else. The photos were taken outdoors, so anyone could have seen what the photographer saw. 2. No, it is illegal to use online profiles to reach demographic groups. 3. Yes, but only if you obtained parental permission to use the image of every identifiable child in the photos. 4. Yes, but only if you obtained permission of every adult in the photos and the parents of each child.
Both risks and benefits.
From the perspective of a consumer, having an online profile creates: 1. Both risks and benefits. 2. A guarantee of a diverse newsfeed and advertising messages about a wide assortment of products and services. 3. Guaranteed discounts. 4. Nothing, really.
Aristotle.
If this person were your instructor instead of me, he would tell you that finding the fine line between bravery and stupidity is a product of reason, influenced by passion and emotion, 1. Plato. 2. Socrates. 3. Epictetus. 4. Aristotle.
The journalist is the sole source for information crucial to the case.
In Mississippi, before a journalist can be required to testify in court, the attorney seeking the testimony must prove: 1. The journalist improperly used anonymous sources. 2. The journalist has not already destroyed all notes and recordings relevant to the case. 3. The journalist has more information than has been published. 4. The journalist is the sole source for information crucial to the case.
Yes. The professor has violated FERPA.
In class one day, Professor Jones became visibly annoyed at a student in a large university class who was clearly scrolling through her phone instead of paying attention. "Mary," the professor said, "You have a 42 average in this class and only a slight chance of passing. Put that phone down and listen or you will certainly get an F." Anything wrong with this? 1. No. Students enrolled in universities have no privacy rights concerning their grades. 2. Yes. The professor has violated COPPA. 3. No. It was rude, but not illegal. 4. Yes. The professor has violated FERPA.
Values.
In life, each of us develops a ranking of characteristics we go by to discern what's important and what's not. Collectively, these are called our: 1. Values. 2. Habits. 3. Ethics. 4. Preferences.
Values.
In life, we all develop a sense of what's important to us. These are known as our: 1. Ethics. 2. Traits. 3. Values. 4. Morals.
Facts can't be copyrighted.
In research for an article on parking for his Advanced News Reporting class, Matt was able to find out that 60 percent of students registered a vehicle on campus. He included this information in a story he wrote. The instructor posted Matt's story on Blackboard (without his name) as an example of good work by a student in the class. Later in the semester, another student, Bill, was preparing an article on new prices for campus parking. Bill used the 60 percent figure in his story. The instructor also posted Bill's story. Matt saw it and was upset. "You violated my copyright," Matt said. What rule applies? 1. Matt is correct, but only if he registered his copyright with the federal government. 2. Matt is 100 percent correct, although there are no monetary damages. 3. Facts can't be copyrighted. 4. Work done for a class is exempt from copyright law.
Seyla Benhabib.
In this person's analysis, the history of philosophy is encumbered by being "too male." 1. Seyla Benhabib. 2. Nikki Silvestri. 3. Martha Nussbaum. 4. Philippa Foot.
Yes, we could initiate a suit against "John Doe" and if the court agrees we have enough proof to proceed, the court will order the internet companies to provide us whatever information they have that may lead us to the person or people posting these false statements. First, though, we must determine that whether there has been an economic impact on sale of Cheerios. If sales haven't changed, then we have no damages.
The executive committee of General Foods was meeting. You are there as their marketing person. Committee members look at you and say, "Some fake person is trolling us all over the internet, posting statements such as "Cheerios cause cancer" and "Eating Cheerios causes bad breath" - all sort of statements that are provably false. Problem is, we don't know who is doing this. Is there anything we can do?" You answer, correctly: 1. Yes, we could initiate a suit against "John Doe" and if the court agrees we have enough proof to proceed, the court will order the internet companies to provide us whatever information they have that may lead us to the person or people posting these false statements. That's all we need. 2. Yes, we can get a court order requiring internet companies to block posts that are not true. 3. No. We put a product in the stream of commerce. The right to anonymity is fully protected by the First Amendment. We should not be surprised when people post lies about us. 4. Yes, we could initiate a suit against "John Doe" and if the court agrees we have enough proof to proceed, the court will order the internet companies to provide us whatever information they have that may lead us to the person or people posting these false statements. First, though, we must determine that whether there has been an economic impact on sale of Cheerios. If sales haven't changed, then we have no damages.
All of the above.
The libel element of identity is established when: 1. The audience knows whom the content is about. 2. The actual name of the plaintiff is used. 3. A fake name is used for the plaintiff, but the audience know whom the content is about. 4. All of the above.
Deciding what people can and can't see or read is too much power to entrust to a private business.
The main argument against allowing social media platforms to refuse some content is: 1. People have a constitutional right to free speech, period. 2. Social media addiction is a real crisis in society. 3. There is already enough adversing in the marketplace. It shouldn't be on the internet, too. 4. Deciding what people can and can't see or read is too much power to entrust to a private business.
Personnel matter.
The most commonly abused basis for closing public meetings in Mississippi is: 1. Personnel matter. 2. Prospective litigation. 3. Adult content. 4. Sale or purchase of land.
Its accuracy and reliability is directly related to inherent or other bias in the measurements used to collect information.
The most important thing to remember about data is: 1. Data should never be used in marketing or journalism. 2. Data should never be presented as fact without including a precise +/- margin of error disclosure. 3. Its accuracy and reliability is directly related to the math skills of the entity gathering the information. 4. Its accuracy and reliability is directly related to inherent or other bias in the measurements used to collect information.
Overall, whether Bert's novel was derivative or transformative.
The plot of the novel "To Kill A Mockingbird" centers on a lawyer's defense of a man wrongly accused of a crime. The characters in the novel include a small girl who was the lawyer's daughter. Bert liked the novel and decided to write a novel of his own. His plot was based on the life of the girl in the novel as a young adult who becomes a lawyer herself. If the owners of the "To Kill a Mockingbird" novel decide to claim infringement, what will determine the outcome? 1. Whether Bert remembered to include a disclaimer in his novel, declaring it to be a new and original work not based on any previous published work. 2. Whether Bert included any exact paragraphs or chapters from the original "To Kill A Mockingbird." 3. Overall, whether Bert's novel was derivative or transformative. 4. Whether Bert obtained a patent.
Immanuel Kant.
The power we each have to reason compels that we use it to follow a moral path. So says: 1. Peter Griffin. 2. Immanuel Kant. 3. W.D. Ross. 4. Kwame Appiah.
Youth Courts and the FISA Court.
The proceedings and records of these courts are private. 1. The Mississippi Court of Appeals and the Mississippi Supreme Court. 2. Divorce and adoption courts. 3. Military courts and municipal courts. 4. Youth Courts and the FISA Court.
Consent.
The slam-dunk defense to a complaint about a person's privacy is: 1. Unintentional. 2. Newsworthiness. 3. Consent. 4. Truth.
Philosophy.
The study of ethics is based in: 1. Philosophy. 2. Math. 3. Science. 4. History.
Spans all of recorded history.
The study of human nature: 1. Spans all of recorded history. 2. Is central to modern religious practices. 3. Has resulted in a universal value set. 4. Started in Europe.
Morality, Discrimination and Health.
The three legal foundations that have been studied as bases for government management of adult materials are: 1. Socialization, Fraternization and Communication. 2. Article III, the Brady Act and the the 10th Amendment. 3. Morality, Discrimination and Health. 4. Mentality, Age and Poverty.
Epictetus.
This person is one who believes our challenge is to take appropriate action where we discern we can make a difference and not to spend time pondering the realities in life we cannot change. 1. Nostradamus. 2. Aristotle. 3. Epictetus. 4. John Rawls.
John Rawls.
This philosopher believed that consistently favoring the least advantaged when making decisions would lead society toward equal justice. 1. John Rawls. 2. W.D. Ross. 3. Seyla Benhabib. 4. Immanuel Kant.
