2nd 9 Weeks WORLD GEOGRAPHY Exam

A dictator

Caudillo

rich black soil that supports grain production

Chernozem

Aztec farmers grew maize and beans on

Chinampas

Approximately how many ethnic groups live in Europe today?

160

Beginning in the late ________, the Industrial Revolution transformed manufacturing in Europe by replacing human labor with machines

1700s

Who was Simón Bolívar?

A Venezuelan revolutionary leader

High plain

Altiplano

The __________ run through Eastern Europe from Slovakia to romania

Carpathians

The mountains located along the western edge of South America are the

Andes

Russia's historical roots date back to the

AD 600s

What has caused declining fish populations in Scandinavia?

Acid rain

What general statement could you make about Russian religious life after the breakup of the Soviet Union?

After the breakup of the Soviet Union missionaries flooded into Russia. This caused the government to restrict religious groups. The only church and religion practiced freely was the Russian Orthodox Church.

The Volga river connects Moscow with which body of water?

Caspian Sea

Russian coasts lie along the Pacific Ocean,

Arctic Ocean, Caspian Sea, Black Sea, and Baltic Sea

Shifting winds and the cold Peru ocean current have combined to create the

Atacama Desert

Foreign debt for some Latin American countries increased

Because rescheduled loans raised the total interest on the debt

The Caucasus Mountains are located between the __________ and ___________ Seas

Black, Caspian

The Mayo Grosso Plateau spreads across

Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru

A rural farmer or worker

Campesino

Continuous high layer of leaves covering the rain forest

Canopy

Increasing global temperatures are due in part to increasing amounts of ____________ in the atmosphere

Carbon dioxide

After World War II, most Eastern European countries were under

Communist rule

The effect of extreme variations in temperature

Continentality

Parallel mountain ranges are called

Cordilleras

Island in the Mediterranean Sea

Crete

Series of religious wars to win Palestine

Crusades

Which body of water is polluted by agricultural runoff?

Danube River

Working toward greater manufacturing and technology

Developing country

Colombian mines have been producing _________ for thousands of years

Emeralds

The United Kingdom includes

England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland

An ____________ is a place where an ocean tide meets a river current

Estuary

A group that shares a common ancestry, language, religion, or customs

Ethnic group

The goal of the ___________ is a United Europe in which goods, service, and workers can move freely among member countries

European Union

Why do Europeans still ship goods via canals and Rivers?

Europeans still ship goods via canal because it is the most efficient way. This method is probably faster than by land. Overall, this way of shipping just works well for them.

Great-grandparents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins

Extended family

A system in which monarchs or lords gave land to nobles in return for pledges of loyalty was known as

Feudalism

The coastline of the Scandinavian Peninsula is characterized by long, narrow, steep-sided inlets called

Fjords

Dry winds called _________ blow down from the mountains into valleys and plains and can cause avalanches.

Foehns

Latin American governments use satellite imaging to help

Forecast hurricanes

When did the Maya dominate southern Mexico and northern Central America?

From A.D. 250 to A.D. 900

A picture writing carved in stone

Glyph

Picture writings carved in stone are called

Glyphs

The pampas consist primarily of

Grassland

The British Isles include the Islands of

Great Britain and Ireland

Europe's marine west coast climate

Has mild winters, cool summers, and abundant rain

Europe's large deposits of coal and iron sparked the growth of _____________ in 1800s.

Heavy industry

Maquiladoras benefit foreign corporations by allowing them to

Hire low-cost labor

The slaughter of 6 million Jews in World War II

Holocaust

Much of eastern Europe has a ________ climate with cold, snowy winters and hot summers.

Humid continental

Do you think the European Union will attempt to share one language? Why or why not?

I don't believe the European Union will attempt one common language. The people would all want their country's language to be the main language. Then there is the problem of getting everyone to learn one language. For these reasons, I believe that the European Union won't attempt a common language.

European telecommunication satellites

INTELSATs

What general statement could you make about religious practices in many parts of Latin America? Give one example

In Latin America most places are Roman Catholic. In English speaking areas, Protestant Christianity is practiced. Other areas practice other indigenous faiths.

Compare and contrast the climate and vegetation in the Tierra fria and the Tierra caliente

In the Tierra fria the weather consists of mostly winter frosts. The vegetation consists mainly of potatoes and barley. In the Tierra caliente rainforests, sugar, rice, bananas, and cacao are grown.

Today, Europe's leading __________ include the Ruhr and the Middle Rhine districts in Germany and the Po basin in Italy

Industrial centers

__________ and __________ rank among Europes top service industries

International Banking, Insurance

What is the second-largest religion in Russia today?

Islam

Mainland Peninsula of Denmark

Jutland

The ancient Greeks formed city-states that were independent but shared a common

Language and culture

The European Union requires its members to

Limit and clean up environment pollution

Physical geography, political instability, and ties to more developed regions have

Limited industrial growth in Latin America

Grassland in Colombia and Venezuela

Llanos

Capital of United Kingdom

London

Links ports between the North and Black Seas

Main-Danube Canal

How do major rivers in South America affect the economic development of the region?

Major rivers affect the development of the region by providing a major source of food. They also provide a method of transportation. Villages are also built along rivers.

A factory owned by a foreign corporation

Maquiladoras

______________ was the first Latin America country to gain its independence

Mexico

Most present-day descendants of the Maya live in

Mexico and Central America

Iceland's location along the ______ results in volcanoes, hot springs, and geysers.

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Which ocean currents bring warm waters to Western Europe?

North Atlantic Current and Gulf Stream

Connected to the Black Sea by the Main-Danube Canal

North Sea

Permafrost is found in

Northern Scandinavia

The area surrounding Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela contains rich deposits of

Oil

The majority of Russias people live

On the Northern European Plain

What is an effect of a large agricultural estate becoming more mechanized?

One effect of a large agricultural estate becoming more mechanized is that there will be less need for work. There will be need for machine operators. This is more convenient for businesses.

How did religion influence the development of Europe during the Middle Ages?

One way that religion influences Europe in the Middle Ages was the start of the Reformation by Martin Luther. This led to an outbreak of denominations other than Roman Catholicism. People began to use the differences to divide them politically.

On ___________, foods are raised without chemical fertilizers and pesticides

Organic farms

Dried vegetation used for fuel

Peat

Organized persecution and massacres of Jewish people under the czars

Pogrom

The tropical climate of the Amazon Basin results from its location. On the Equator and

Prevailing wind patterns

Why is it so difficult to promote economic growth and take care of the environment at the same time?

Promoting economic growth while taking care of the environment is extremely difficult. This is due to the fact that the more products are produced, the more natural resources are used. Then you have the emissions from the factories and the shipping trucks. This all makes taking care of the environment while having a flourishing economy very difficult.

__________, the accurate depiction of everyday life, became a prominent artistic movement in the mid-1800s

Realism

The _________ was an age of exploration and artistic achievement in Europe

Renaissance

The ____________ River and it's tributaries carry more freight than any other river system in Europe

Rhine

Largest European port

Rotterdam

Europe's leading industrial center

Ruhr

Ethnic _____ make up 80% of Russia's population

Russians

Why is Russia's physical geography considered both a blessing and a curse?

Russias physical geography is both a blessing and a curse. The good thing s that they have huge reserves of mineral resources. The bad thing is that it is so cold in some places that the minerals and resources can't be harvested because the machines freeze.

Which if the following of statements about the fishing industry in Russia is true?

Salmon, Herring, Halibut, and Cod support the fishing industry

The Maastricht Treaty was the agreement that

Set up the European Union

Many rural migrants in Latin America are forced to live in ____________ when they reach the city

Shantytowns

Farmers in the Amazon Basin clear the land using a technique called ___ in which all plants are cut down and set on fire

Slash-and-burn farming

The language family that includes Polish and Czech

Slavic

Philosophy calling for greater economic equality in society

Socialism

Latin America includes Middle America, the Caribbean, and

South America

Grassland area

Steppe

The __________ separates the Iberian Peninsula from Africa

Strait of Gibraltar

Why are sturgeon valuable, and why are they now protected? If people keep fishing for sturgeon illegally, what could happen?

Sturgeon are valuable because of their caviar. They are now protected because of overfishing. If people keep fishing them, they would go extinct and their will be no more sturgeon or sturgeon caviar.

Russia's largest climate region is the ______

Subarctic

The blending of beliefs and practices

Syncretism

High-speed French trains

TGVs

Huge area that contains coniferous forests

Taiga

Another name for Ireland

The Emerald Isle

Name two important rivers in Europe. Tell where they are located and why they are important to the people who live there

The Thames River and the Main-Danube Canal are two rivers in Europe. The Thames River is the main mode of transportation in England. The Main-Danube canal connects the North Sea and the Black Sea.

Why is the climate of Paris milder than that of an American city on the east coast at the same latitude?

The climate of Paris is milder than that of an American City on the east coast. This is because is Paris' relation to the water. Even though they have the same latitude, the water can make the climate vary.

What are some of the consequences of the continued destruction of rain forests in the Amazon Basin?

The destruction of the rain forests in the Amazon Basin can lead to new diseases. This can also cause animals to die out. It can also cause oxygen levels to decrease.

Which statement about South America's population is accurate?

The greatest concentration is the coastal areas

The uneven distribution of population in Russia is due to

The physical environment

What are some of the factors that led Russians to revolt in the early 1900s?

There are two major factors that led the Russians to revolt in the early 1900s. One being ethnic conflicts that were causing issues. The second being separatist movements that threatened the stability of the government and people.

The highest and coldest vertical climate zone in Middle America

Tierra fría

The __________ climate region dominates the landscape in Russia's far north

Tundra

The __________ mark the traditional boundary between European Russia and Asian Russia

Ural Mountains

Unique city known for its canals

Venice

The term reforestation refers to planting new trees

Where forest lands have been stripped and cleared

Due to leaching, slash-and-burned farmland loses its fertility

Within one or two years

In the 1990s, ____________ fractured along ethnic lines, sparkling violence and movements for independence

Yugoslavia

What was Kievan Rus?

a union of city-states organized by the Varangians

During the late 1700s, the Russian nobility

adopted western European ways

What is the Black Earth Belt?

an area of rich soil whose farms feed most of Russia

Destruction of forest lands

deforestation

Africans first came to the Caribbean as

enslaved workers brought by Europeans

After the fall of the Soviet Union

ethnic conflicts and separatist movements threatened stability

Internet access in Latin America is

expected to grow rapidly

The Russian Revolution in 1917

forced Czar Nicholas II to abdicate the throne

Russia has

huge reserves of mineral resources

Type of power generated by flowing water

hydroelectric power

Where was the Aztec city of Tenochititlán located?

on what today is Mexico City

Diego Rivera was a well-known Mexican

painter

Permanently frozen subsoil

permafrost

Country once controlled by the Soviet Union

satellite

Self-rule

sovereignty

Growth that does not deplete resources

sustainable development

A governing official appointed by the king

viceroy

As believers in communism, Bolsheviks

wanted a new society led by workers

Minifundia are farms

whose small plots of land feed rural families