340 final (exam 1)

In organizational development (OD), you can approach the organization as if it were a sick patient. Which of the following is false about this approach to OD?

"refreeze" its mission statement

Elaine often volunteers to help others when they run into problems with their projects. She is very positive, always on time, and never calls in sick. Exhibiting ________ is likely to create positive impressions among Elaine's colleagues and manager.

OCB

Giovanni is expressing ________ when he says, "I can run a mile in under five minutes."

a high self-efficacy

a decision is a gap between an actual and a desired solution

false

In the last step of Lewin's model of change, _________, role modeling is probably the most powerful way to get others to follow.

refreezing

Justin and Edwardo were hired by the same network support firm. One year later, Edwardo receives a promotion to team leader. Justin believes he has stronger technical skills and asks his supervisor why he did not get the promotion. The supervisor says that Edwardo has better people skills. Having ____ can enable a person's promotion.

soft skills

A(n) ________ outlines the organization's long-term direction and the actions necessary to achieve planned results.

strategic plan

Which of the following is not one of the top four skills desired by employers? Teamwork Critical thinking Problem solving Judgment and decision making Active listening

team work

Extreme examples of unethical and illegal conduct are the exception in the business community. Which of the following statements about this behavior is false? -Very few unethical acts are also illegal. -Most unethical acts are not punished in any way. -Even if illegal, few of these acts are prosecuted. -You can rely on the legal system to manage or assure ethical conduct at -work. -Unethical behavior negatively affects the offending employee, coworkers, and the employer.

You can rely on the legal system to manage or assure ethical conduct at -work.

As manager of Kids Skids, Meghan wants to develop her relationship management skills. In order to do this, she learns how to

build teams

Jane hates the idea of child labor. She works for a company that claims that it doesn't employ children. However, news reports accuse the company of employing young children overseas. ______ is the psychological discomfort that Jane is experiencing since she heard this news.

cognitive dissonance

_______ is the personality trait with the strongest positive relationship with job performance.

conscientiousness

Samuel values his tradition and conformity. Not surprisingly, family time is very important to him. His employer, Stillman & Sons, expects him to work on holidays. Stillman & Sons and Samuel do not share the values of

conversation

Eleanor wants to be sure that the final team project in a senior capstone course is of top quality. Jerome, another team member, just wants to get it done quickly. Using Ajzen's model, what can Eleanor do to try and encourage Jerome to work hard?

create a positive attitude

People who are high on openness to experience are likely to demonstrate

curiosity and broad mindedness

The stages of OD are, in order,

diagnosis, intervention, evaluation, and feedback.

Jonathan decides that rather than hire an employee to replace someone who left, he will eliminate the position. Jonathan is

dissolving the problem

_______ is the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions.

emotional intelligence

Owen leads a team tasked with developing a client tracking system. He is nervous and worried, afraid that if this assignment doesn't go well, he won't be promoted. Jack, a team member, is relaxed, unworried, and secure in the feeling that they have all the necessary resources and talents to make this work. Jack is likely to score high on

emotional stability

Pietro has his bachelor's degree in management. He comes from a middle-class background; his father worked in lower management for his entire career. Pietro wants a different life than his father's. He has saved his money, and he's always been lucky. Pietro might be a(n)

entrepreneur

Luis has just learned that Brian, who has less experience and who does less work, receives a higher salary. Since learning this, Luis has been very unhappy and has started to look for another job. What model of job satisfaction best explains Luis's reactions?

equity

Dawn is a manager at a big box store. One of her employees, Edward, appears to have low self-efficacy. To help him, Dawn should set a very challenging sales goal.

false

Managers should attempt to reduce the negative effects of stress by improving job satisfaction and by encouraging employees to take work home.

false

Pascal is a customer-service representative who handles phone inquiries. He has a goal of handling 12 calls per hour. When he gets a customer with a complex situation, he tends to become short with that person to keep the call short. This is an example of

ill-conceived goals

_________ is(are) an example of social and political pressures for change.

impact of climate change

People bring their abilities, goals, and experiences to each and every situation, which often changes the situation. Conversely, because situations have unique characteristics, such as opportunities and rewards, they change people. This dynamic reflects the interactional perspective, which explains that behavior is a function of

interdependent person and situation factors

Josephine scored very high on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) on all three parts. She is likely to possess high ________ intelligence.

logical-mathematical

The advantage of _________ as a means of overcoming change is that it can be a relatively quick and inexpensive solution to resistance problems.

manipulation and co-optation

_________ is the psychological process that arouses our interest in doing something.

motivation

Horatio loves extreme sports and works as white-water rafting instructor. This reflects the values in the ____________ dimension of Schwartz's model.

openness to change

______ is the interdisciplinary field dedicated to understanding and managing people at work.

organizational behavior

Mason is highly satisfied with his job. He receives consistently strong evaluations and volunteers to train new employees. Mason exhibits positive job performance and

organizational citizenship behaviors

Experimental University's president recently announced that instead of professors giving grades to students in their classes, students would give themselves grades. This would be a(n) _________ change.

radically innovative

The recommended way to look at resistance to change is to view it as caused by

recipient characteristics, change agent characteristics, and the relationship between the change agent and the recipient.

After identifying a problem with employee morale, Cue Manufacturing instituted changes in employee shift hours and breaks. When managers and staff finally accepted the new changes, Cue was able to present modified job descriptions and modified long-term schedules. The ________ stage of the Lewin model addresses helping people and the organization institutionalize the changes.

refreezing

What kind of a response is a manager making when he or she chooses a satisfactory, but not ideal, solution?

resolving

Together, social awareness and relationship management constitute

social competence

The contingency approach suggests that

the best answer depends on the situation

According to research, the most common predictor of cheating in school is peer behavior.

true

In Schwartz's model, conformity and tradition are in the same wedge, but conformity is seen as less extreme than tradition.

true

Problem solving is a systematic process for closing the gap between an actual and a desired outcome.

true

Research shows that sustainable businesses are led by CEOs who take a people-centered, inclusive approach.

true

Resistance to change is a dynamic interaction among recipient characteristics, change agent characteristics, and the relationship between the recipient and the change agent.

true

James believes the best thing he can do is hire based on

using CSE as one broad personality characteristic.

Jason is working at Sushow Motors. The position, as originally described, involved conducting research with customers. Instead, Jason is answering phones and filing. He's very unhappy and thinks he should find another job. This thought process is

withdrawal cognitions

Jeremy is a business student at ABC University. He is currently enrolled for 18 credits, mostly of quantitative courses with high workloads. He also works 25 hours a week as a bartender. Final exams are coming soon and he is worried about his grades. How would you characterize the cause(s) of Jeremy's stress?

work overload

________ is the harnessing of organization members' selves to their work roles.

employee engagement

Research shows that when an organization breaches a psychological contract,

employees are likely to be less committed and satisfied and more likely to quit, and their performance is likely to be lower.

Openness to experience refers to a person being trusting and good-natured.

false

Organizations should use selection based on attitudes and emotions to choose which employees to hire.

false

The components of engagement are urgency, being focused, intensity, and job satisfaction.

false

Samantha, a member of a team you are assigned to for a management class, has often been late getting her work to the team, and when it arrives it is often of poor quality. Samantha is likely to rank ________ dimension.

low on the conscientiousness

Sweetie's Sweets is a hospitality company, whose __________ is "dedicated to providing high-quality desserts in a comfortable atmosphere for clients who seek a fun gourmet experience outside restaurants."

mission statement

Barbara is managing two franchises and is a single mother of three children. Which stress-reduction technique would Barbara find inexpensive and easy to use?

muscle relaxation

Letitia reports to work at Apex Inc. This is her first day. Human resources tells Letitia to report to a conference room so that she can review the company's mission statement and policies, go over her job description, and learn about the technology systems in use. This type of experience is an ______ program.

onboarding

Strategic plans are based on analyses of an organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, known as a SWOT analysis.

true

The four targeted elements of change are organizational arrangements, social factors, methods, and people.

true