4.2.2 Holland Turns to Art

The Milkmaid is one of Johannes Vermeer's __________ scenes.

domestic

genre art

everyday scenes, great detail and subtle symbolism

What are some characteristics of Dutch genre art?

everyday scenes, realism naturalistic approach as well as radical techniques (tenebroso) Symbolism

Still lifes

exotic imports Dutch EIC Willem Kalf

underpainting

painting used as a base for glazing or further painting

glazing

paints are thinned and applied in many layers to a previously painted surface, resulting in the appearance of reflected light

Frans Hals

portrait artist, rendered each subject with individuality Officers and Sergeants of the St. Hadrian Civic Gaurd

What technique did Dutch artists use to create drama?

Chiaroscuro and tenebroso

Rembrandt van Rijn

Dark, emotionally charged paintings and subtle, detailed portriats Use of light and tenebroso The Blinding of Samson

How did the Protestant Reformation affect the subject matter of Dutch painting?

Discouraged displays of material wealth. No decadent Catholic art (Classical world, hovering angels, saints etc). Paintings about middle-class lifestyle

Johannes Vermeer

Genre scenes Realistic light and detail Under painting and Glazing The Milkmaid Woman with a Lute Officer and Laughing Girl

The Milkmaid

Jan Vermeer Domestic virtue, realistic human form and idealized light

The Sampling Officials of the Drapers' Guild

Rembrandt Delicate light, subtle features. Portrayal of individual traits of each person

List some elements of Rembrandt's style of portraiture:

Use of dark and light, shadows Calm and stillness Simple, sitters wearing the same common protestant outfit No outside signs of character

How did Vermeer create realistic light and intricate detail in his paintings of ordinary subjects?

Use of glazing and underpainting

VOCAB

VOCAB