5. Quiz 1: Essentials of Nutrition

Briefly explain the role of enzymes in digestion.

Enzymes break down the nutrients in food.

During digestion, carbohydrates are converted by enzymes into _____________.

Glucose

_________ are needed by the body in large amounts in order to maintain good health.

Macro-elements

There are 13 _____ used by the human body to maintain health.

Minerals

_______ fats are found in animal products and some vegetables.

Saturated

Carbohydrates are found in foods that contain starches.

TRUE

The body loses approximately 5-6 pints of water a day through sweat, urine, and exhalation.

TRUE

What is the scientific definition of nutrition?

The scientific definition of nutrition is "the proper supply of nutrients essential for growth, reproduction, repair, immunity, amd energy".

List six nutrients that are found in food.

a. Carbohydrates b. Fats c. Protein d. Vitamins e. Minerals f. Water

______ carbohydrates do not take long to digest, and therefore, cause blood sugar levels to rise quickly.

Simple

Trace elements are needed by the body in _____ amounts.

Small

Tje body cannot survive more than a couple days without water.

TRUE

Water is the basis of good nutrition because it is essential to all forms of metabolism in the body.

TRUE

Match the following items. 1. the process by which a cell converts nutrients into energy or materials 2. the conversion of nutrients into energy 3. the cell's main source of energy 4. the process by which the cells use nutrients to repair or build new tissues 5. the nutrient that is essential to cellular construction, reproduction, and maintenance 6. amino acids that cannot be manufactured by the body and must be derived from food sources 7. food source that contains all the essential amino acids 8. food sources that do not contain all the essential amino acids

1. Metabolism 2. Catabolism 3. Glucose 4. Anabolism 5. Protein 6. Essential Amino Acids 7. Complete Protein 8. Incomplete Protein

A _______ is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius.

Calorie

________ are the body's primary and immediate source of energy.

Carbohydrates

_______ is/are used by the body to sysnthsize Vitamin D, maintain the proper functioning of nerve cells, keep skin soft and supple, and transport fat to cells.

Cholesterol

_______ carbohydrates require a prolonged process of digestion in order to be broken down into glucose, and therefore, help maintain proper blood sugar levels.

Conplex

The best source of water is liquids that contain caffeine.

FALSE

Tje body is less than 20 percent water.

FALSE

Excess fat, whether saturated or unsaturated, is stored as ___.

Fat

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are dependent upon ____ for their absorption by cells.

Fats

__________ are organic acids that aid in the transportation and breakdown of cholesterol.

Fatty Acids

What are nutrients?

Nutrients are chemical substances that are absorbed by the body through digestion.

What is the basic difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?

The basic difference is that fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body and water-soluble stay in the body for a short amount of time.

Briefly explain why vitamins are essential to good health.

Vitamins are essential to food health because they help with cellular activity. Vitamins help convert carbohydrates and fats into energy, repair and construct new cells, and even simple things, like breathing.