6th Grade Math - Review
negative numbers
Numbers less than 0.
positive numbers
Numbers that are greater than zero.
volume
The number of cubic units it takes to fill a figure.
numerator
The number or expression written above the line in a fraction.
exponent
The number that tells how many equal factors there are.
denominator
The quantity below the line in a fraction. It tells the number of equal parts into which a whole is divided.
divisor
The quantity by which another quantity is to be divided.
substitution
The replacement of the letters in an algebraic expression with known values.
sum
The result of addition.
product
The result of multiplication.
quotient
The result of the division of one quantity by another.
integers
The set of whole numbers and their opposites.
minimum
The smallest amount; the smallest number in a data set.
Distributive Property
a × (b - c) = (a × b) -(a × c), where a, b, and c stand for any real numbers.
table
An organized way to list data. Tables usually have rows and columns of data.
common factor
Any common factor of two or more numbers.
common multiple
Any common multiple of two or more numbers.
dot plot
Also known as a line plot. A diagram showing frequency of data on a number line.
term
separated by addition or subtraction signs
whole numbers
Any of the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and so on.
factor
An integer that divides evenly into another.
coordinates
An ordered pair of numbers that identify a point on a coordinate plane.
coordinate plane
A 2-dimensional system in which the coordinates of a point are its distances from two intersecting, usually perpendicular, straight lines called axes. (Also called coordinate grid or coordinate system.)
histogram
A bar graph in which the labels for the bars are numerical intervals.
polygon
A closed figure formed from line segments that meet only at their endpoints.
ratio
A comparison of two numbers using division.
number line
A diagram that represents numbers as points on a line.
box-and-whiskers plot
A diagram that shows the five number summary of a distribution.
quadrilateral
A four-sided polygon.
improper fraction
A fraction with a numerator greater than (or equal to) its denominator.
formula
A general mathematical statement or rule.
expression
A group of numbers, symbols, and variables that express an operation or a series of operations.
inequality
A mathematical sentence that compares two unequal expressions using one of the symbols <, >, ≤, ≥, or ≠.
ordered pair
A pair of numbers that gives the coordinates of a point on a grid in this order (horizontal coordinate, vertical coordinate). Also known as an ordered pair.
graph
A pictorial device used to show a numerical relationship.
rectangle
A quadrilateral with two pairs of congruent, parallel sides and four right angles.
variable
A quantity that changes or can have different values. A symbol, usually a letter, that can stand for a variable quantity.
dividend
A quantity to be divided.
unit rate
A rate with a denominator of 1.
axis
A reference line from which distances or angles are measured in a coordinate grid.
percent
A special ratio that compares a number to 100 using the symbol %.
equation
A statement that two mathematical expressions are equal.
metric system
A system of measurement based on tens. The basic unit of capacity is the liter. The basic unit of length is the meter. The basic unit of mass is the gram.
right triangle
A triangle that has one 90o angle.
fraction
A way of representing part of a whole or part of a group by telling the number of equal parts in the whole and the number of parts you are describing.
mixed number
A whole number with a fractional part.
common denominator
For two or more fractions, a common denominator is a common multiple of the denominators.
greatest common factor
GCF. The largest factor of two or more numbers.
opposite
Having a different sign but the same numeral.
equivalent ratio
If two ratios have the same value when simplified, then they are called equivalent ratios.
x-axis
In a Cartesian grid, the horizontal axis.
y-axis
In a Cartesian grid, the vertical axis.
x-coordinate
In an ordered pair, the value that is always written first.
y-coordinate
In an ordered pair, the value that is always written second.
least common multiple
LCM. The smallest common multiple of a set of two or more numbers.
less than
Less than is used to compare two numbers when the first number is smaller than the second number.
Order of Operations
Rules describing what sequence to use in evaluating expressions.
difference
The amount that remains after one quantity is subtracted from another.
range
The difference between the greatest number and the least number in a set of numbers.
interquartile range
The difference between the upper quartile and the lower quartile.
absolute value
The distance of a number from zero on the number line. Absolute value is always positive.
first quartile
The first quartile is the middle (the median) of the lower half of the data on a box plot. One-fourth of the data lies below the first quartile and three- fourths lies above. Also known as Q1.
quadrants
The four sections of a coordinate grid that are separated by the axes.
origin
The intersection of the x- and y-axes in a coordinate plane, described by the ordered pair (0, 0).
maximum
The largest amount; the greatest number in a data set.
area
The measure, in square units, of the interior region of a 2-dimensional figure or the surface of a 3-dimensional figure.
median
The middle number of a set of numbers when the numbers are arranged from least to greatest, or the mean of two middle numbers when the set has two middle numbers.
mean
The sum of a set of numbers divided by the number of elements in the set. (A type of average)
third quartile
The third quartile is the middle (the median) of the upper half of the data on a box plot. One-fourth of the data lies above the third quartile and three- fourths lies below. Also known as Q3.
evaluate
To find the value of a mathematical expression.
greater than
comparing two numbers when the first number is larger than the second number.
equivalent
equal or having the same value
