70-410 Chapter 5

All recent versions of Windows support three types of print monitors—language, local port, and remote.

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Available settings on this tab are shown in Table 5-5.

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Branch Office Direct Printing provides the following benefits:

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Each printer has associated with it a Properties dialog box that enables you to perform a large quantity of management tasks. You have already seen how to share a printer or publish it in AD DS. This section discusses several additional tasks you can perform from this dialog box. Right-click the printer in the details pane of the Print Management snap-in and select Properties, or right-click the printer in the Control Panel Devices and Printers applet and select Printer properties to bring up this dialog box.

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Microsoft has introduced several new and updated features in Windows Server 2012 R2. Table 5-3 is a brief summary of these features

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The Security tab of the print server's Properties dialog box includes the following permissions, which enable you to delegate print management tasks:

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The V4 printing model eliminated many of the previous struggles with printer drivers. Windows Server 2012 R2 continues to leverage the V4 Model, but includes some additional benefits, described here:

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When Installing the Print and Document Services Role The Select Role Services page enables you to select additional role services. The Print Server role service is included by default. If desired, select one or more of the following role services

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You can configure Easy Print Driver and Terminal Server printing settings under the following Group Policy location: Computer Configuration\Policies\Administrative Templates\Windows Components\Terminal Services\Terminal Server\Printer Redirection Group Policy is covered in more detail later, but Table 5-4 outlines the group policy settings related to printer redirection.

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When a user selects File > Print from an application, a series of steps must be completed for the printed document to appear. What's the jist of it?

1. When the user selects File > Print, a new print job is created, 2. The client computer queries the print server for a version of the print driver 3. Computer works with the printer to show you a print preview 4. Then goes to the spooler. 5. The computer spooler makes a call to the server side of the spooler. 6. The print server receives the job and passes it to the print router 7. The router checks the kind of data it has received and passes it on to the appropriate local print provider, or the remote print server if the job is destined for a network printer. 8. The local print provider can request that the print processor perform additional conversions as needed on the file. 9. Adds a separator page if needed and then passes the print job on to the appropriate print monitor. 10. The print monitor communicates directly with the print device and sends the ready-to-print print job to the print device. 11. The print device receives the data in the form it requires and translates it to a bitmap, producing printed output.

When a user selects File > Print from an application, a series of steps must be completed for the printed document to appear. Heres a deeper look

1. When the user selects File > Print, a new print job is created, 2. The client computer queries the print server for a version of the print driver 3. The graphics device interface (GDI) and the printer driver may convert the print job into a rendered Windows enhanced metafile (EMF). 4. The driver then returns the converted print job to the GDI, which delivers it to the spooler. 5. The client side of the spooler makes a remote call to the server side of the spooler. If a network-connected server is managing the print device, the spooler hands off the print job to the spooler on the print server. Then that spooler copies the print job to a temporary storage area on that computer's hard disk. 6. The print server receives the job and passes it to the print router 7. The router checks the kind of data it has received and passes it on to the appropriate print processor component of the local print provider, or the remote print server if the job is destined for a network printer. 8. The local print provider can request that the print processor perform additional conversions as needed on the file. The print processor then returns the print job to the local print provider. 9. If a separator page is being used, the separator page processor on the local print provider adds a separator page to the print job and then passes the print job on to the appropriate print monitor. 10. The print monitor communicates directly with the print device and sends the ready-to-print print job to the print device. 11. The print device receives the data in the form it requires and translates it to a bitmap, producing printed output.

When a user selects File > Print from an application, a series of steps must be completed for the printed document to appear. Full blown list

1. When the user selects File > Print, a new print job is created, which includes all of the data, and eventually the printer commands that the system requires to output a document. 2. The client computer queries the print server for a version of the print driver for the default or a selected printer. If necessary, the most recent version of the driver is downloaded to the client computer. 3. The graphics device interface (GDI) and the printer driver may convert the print job into a rendered Windows enhanced metafile (EMF). (The GDI is the component that provides network applications with a system for presenting graphical information.) The GDI actually does double duty by producing WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get) screen output as well as printed output. 4. Windows can convert the application's output (the print job) into either a metafile or a RAW format. (The RAW format is ready to print and requires no further rendering.) The driver then returns the converted print job to the GDI, which delivers it to the spooler. 5. The client side of the spooler (Winspool.drv) makes a remote procedure call (RPC) to the server side of the spooler (Spoolsv.dll). If a network-connected server is managing the print device, the spooler hands off the print job to the spooler on the print server. Then that spooler copies the print job to a temporary storage area on that computer's hard disk. This step does not take place for locally managed print jobs. In that case, the job is spooled to disk locally. 6. The print server receives the job and passes it to the print router, Spoolss.dll. (You should not confuse a router in this context with the device that directs network packets from one subnetwork to another.) 7. The router checks the kind of data it has received and passes it on to the appropriate print processor component of the local print provider, or the remote print server if the job is destined for a network printer. 8. The local print provider can request that the print processor perform additional conversions as needed on the file, typically from EMF to RAW. (Print devices can only handle RAW information.) The print processor then returns the print job to the local print provider. 9. If a separator page is being used, the separator page processor on the local print provider adds a separator page to the print job and then passes the print job on to the appropriate print monitor. All recent versions of Windows support three types of print monitors—language, local port, and remote. Language monitor: Provides the communications language used by the client and printer. In the case of bidirectional printers, this monitor enables you to monitor printer status and send notifications such as paper tray empty. Local port monitor (Localspl.dll): Controls parallel, serial, and USB I/O ports where a printer may be attached and sends print jobs to local devices on any of these ports. Remote port monitor: Enables printing to remote printers. An example is the LPR port monitor, which can be used as an alternative to the standard port monitor for UNIX print servers. 10. The print monitor communicates directly with the print device and sends the ready-to-print print job to the print device. 11. The print device receives the data in the form it requires and translates it to a bitmap, producing printed output. Though it might seem complicated, this sequence is designed to make printing more efficient and faster in a networked environment. In particular, the burden of spooling is distributed between client and server computers.

Driver isolation is specified by an INF file that installs the printer driver. If this file indicates that the driver being installed supports driver isolation, the installer automatically configures the driver to run in an isolated process. This is specified by a DriverIsolation keyword in the INF file. If this variable is set to___, the driver supports driver isolation; if it is omitted or set to 0, the driver does not support driver isolation.

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As with most implementations, over time requirements change and printing infrastructures tend to become more complicated. As you add printers to your print server driver compatibility becomes virtually the number one headache for any administrator. You often find yourself spending most of your day battling conflicting drivers, driver names and third-party applications installed with the printer driver package. To make matters worse, you then have to integrate both ___drivers in the same environment.

32- and 64-bit

Multiple device support

A single driver has the ability to support multiple devices.

Lower server load

By printing directly to print devices, the client assumes the role of managing the print data thus reducing the workload of your central print server.

Lower bandwidth requirements: Client computers are able to use the central print server to query the printer and authenticate, but print data is sent directly from the client to the print device. This is accomplished through print drivers that support ___The fact that print data does not have to be spooled and processed by the print server and then sent back to the print device to print translates into lower bandwidth utilization.

Client Side Rendering (CSR).

Local port monitor (Localspl.dll)

Controls parallel, serial, and USB I/O ports where a printer may be attached and sends print jobs to local devices on any of these ports.

Driver isolation

Driver files are isolated from each other to prevent any filename conflicts.

Internet Printing

Enables Internet-based users to create print jobs and send them to a website on the server that will print them on a network-based print device

LPD Service

Enables UNIX clients to use the LPR utility to print documents to Windows-based printers on the network

Remote port monitor

Enables printing to remote printers. An example is the LPR port monitor, which can be used as an alternative to the standard port monitor for UNIX print servers.

Distributed Scan Server

Enables the server to receive and manage documents that users have scanned from network-based scanners

easy print driver

Enables users on remote desktop sessions to print to local print drivers

Manage Server

Enables users to create and delete print queues with already installed drivers, add or delete ports, and add or delete forms. By default, administrators and the Interactive group are granted this permission. A user who has been granted this permission is referred to as a delegated print administrator.

View Server

Enables users to view the print server, including the printers that are managed by the server. By default, the Everyone group is granted this permission.

You can configure Easy Print Driver settings using local or___. When dealing with multiple servers, Group Policy is a more suitable approach.

Group Policy

Common framework for pin protected printing support but independent hardware vendors

Helps to prevent authorized list of printing resources you can configure printing queue defaults in the print Management console or by using Windows Powershell. You can specify that users will be prompted to enter a pin when printing from Windows store applications

Branch site printing resilience

If a WAN link fails, Branch Office Direct Printing allows clients to continue to print directly to the print device through the use of cached printer information.

Specific printer model drivers can be installed on the terminal server using the driver install method discussed previously. This can become an administrative burden depending on the number of terminal servers and drivers you'll need to manage. The Terminal Services Easy Print driver offers the following functionality:

More reliable printing services for RemoteApp and Remote Desktop sessions Support for legacy and current printer drivers without requiring additional drivers on the Terminal Servers Better printer enumeration and mapping process through a per-session basis as opposed of a per-user basis Improved printer capabilities over previous editions of terminal services printing

Near field communication connections to printers

NFC technology facilitates short-range Wireless Communications. Windows Powershell commands enable you to create NFC tags for existing Hardware that advertize a printer simplifying clients Discovery and installation of printers

It is a good idea to locate all the print devices that make up a printer pool in the same general area of your operation so that

People won't need to roam the halls of your organization in search of printed jobs.

You can use PowerShell to manage printers by means of the ___PowerShell module.

Print Management Windows

Microsoft added the Print Services server role in Windows Server 2008, which provided enhanced capabilities for sharing printers on the network and centralizing printer and print management tasks into its own Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in. Windows Server 2012 R2 replaces this role with the ___role, which adds scanning management to the list of capabilities.

Print and Document Services

Note You can also migrate printer queues and settings from the command line by using the ___command.

Printbrm.exe

Transparent client architecture

Printer sharing does not require separate installations for 32- and 64-bit clients.

Language monitor

Provides the communications language used by the client and printer. In the case of bidirectional printers, this monitor enables you to monitor printer status and send notifications such as paper tray empty.

Similar to the concept of the enhanced Point and Print driver, the Easy Print Driver is used with___, formerly known as Terminal Services.

Remote Desktop Services

General Tab

Use the General tab to rename the printer or modify the Location and Comment fields you supplied when installing the printer. You can also print a test page or modify printer preferences from this tab; click Preferences to open a dialog box that enables you to adjust settings such as print quality; paper source, type, and size; maintenance factors such as print head cleaning; and so on. Appearance of, and options included in, this dialog box vary according to print device make and model.

Beginning with the V3 Model, these challenges continued through Windows Server 2003 but became a bit easier with the release of Windows Server 2008 and the ___printing model.

V4

Smaller footprint

V4 Driver files are typically smaller in size than V3 drivers.

Ease of deployment

V4 Drivers can be distributed by Windows Update or Windows Software Update Services (WSUS).

In cases where print servers are hosted centrally, ___links become a key component for the printing infrastructure.

WAN

The GDI actually does double duty by producing ___screen output as well as printed output.

WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get)

The Print and Document Services role enables the use of Type 4 printer drivers, direct printing to print devices located in branch offices, ___secure printing, and support for the Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) document format.

Web Services for Devices (WSD)

use terminal Services easy print printer driver first

When configured this policy enables the terminal Services easy print driver to be used when mapping all client printers. If the client printer is not compatible with the easy print driver the terminal server looks and its own printer driver pool to try to find a more suitable driver for the client printer

Roaming settings that include printer connections

Windows Server 2012 R2 now includes printer Connections in the roaming settings of users logging into Windows 8 or Server 2012 R2 computers using Microsoft accounts. This simplifies the process of accessing shared printers to which they have previously connected

The graphics device interface (GDI) and the printer driver may convert the print job into a rendered

Windows enhanced metafile (EMF).

Modified point and print

With previous operating systems and driver models, clients that connect to shared printers would attempt to locate the appropriate printer driver based on matching the device HardwareID with the appropriate PrinterDriverID. If a good match was found, the driver would be installed locally on the client. With the V4 Model, if a suitable match is not found, the client will connect to the printer using the enhanced @Point and Print Driver.

Can you redirect individual documents?

You cannot redirect individual documents.

The enhanced Point and Print Driver is

a universal, cross-platform driver that provides basic print functionality for most printers.

You can install a printer on your Windows Server 2012 R2 computer from Control Panel even without installing the Print and Document Services server role. If you've installed this role, you can also install a printer from

the Print Management snap-in.

print spooling

the act of writing contents of a print job to a disk before sending it on to the print device

Microsoft considers a print device to be

the actual hardware device that produces the printed output.

The Advanced tab enables you to control

the availability of the printer and configure drivers and spool settings.

Security Tab and Printer Permissions Just as you can assign permissions to files and folders. Printers have ___that you can modify in the same manner.

access control lists (ACLs)

Configuration changes to the available ports on any print server affect

all printers set up on that server.

Introduced in Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 and continued in Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8/8.1 is the ability to delegate print management tasks directly to users who are not members of a group with built-in print management capabilities, such as the Administrators, Server Operators, or Print Operators group. This capability enables you to

balance administrative workloads across users without the need to grant excessive administrative capabilities; it also enables you to configure default printer security settings on print servers so that new printers inherit these settings automatically as you install them.

Printer Port Problems Improperly configured printer ports can cause printing failures. Errors can occur if a user configures a computer to print directly to the printer or to use ___printing when the print device does not support these functions.

bidirectional

Print Server

the computer that controls the entire printing process on a Windows Network. The print server handles the printing request from all its clients. It can be running either server operating system or a client operating system client operating systems are limited to 10 concurrent connections

As with file and folder permissions, printer permissions are___, with the user receiving the sum of all permissions granted to any groups to which he belongs. If you explicitly deny a permission to a user or group by selecting a check box in the Deny column, this denial overrides any other allowed permissions the user might have

cumulative

Print device

the physical device that produces the printed output. this device can be connected directly to your computer using a parallel port, a USB connection or a wireless connection or can be directly connected to the network.

V4 print driver model

the printer server no longer needs to act as a driver distribution point

When a user complains that he cannot print, the first thing to do is

check the physical aspects of the print device, such as the cable, power, and paper.

The Print Management snap-in enables you to export print queues, printer settings, printer ports, and language monitors and then import these settings to another print server. Doing so enables you to

consolidate multiple print servers or replace an older server.

Although central management of print servers is a benefit, it comes with some cost. Printing across the WAN might require larger connections, which can become quite ___—especially when the idea of redundant circuits comes into play.

costly

print driver

the program that converts Graphics commands into instructions a given type of print device can understand

Print spooled documents first

documents are printed in the order that they finished Spooling rather than in the order that they start spooling

Spool print documents so program finishes printing faster

enable spooling to print documents from one The Following: start printing after last page is spooled or start printing immediately

Branch office direct printing

enables the rendering of a print job on the computer where it was created and then sent directly to a local printer rather than using a remote print server in a head office as an intermediary

priority

enables you to assign a numerical priority from 1 to 99 the higher the priority the higher the number

separator page command button

enables you to specify a separator page file which is printed at the start of the print job to identify the print job and the user who submitted it

Always available and available from

enables you to specify the hours of day when a printer is available

Documents will print to the ___selected port.

first available

A printer pool is a

group of print devices that are connected to a single printer through multiple ports on the print server.

In previous Windows Server versions, printer drivers ran in the same process as the spooler; if a driver component were to fail, all print operations from the server would be

halted.

Unreadable output indicates

incorrect printer drivers. If the printer produces a series of unintelligible characters rather than the expected output, the problem lies in the printer driver. Check with the manufacturer of the print device and ensure that you have installed the correct printer drivers.

print queue

it waiting area for print jobs are stored in sequence as they await the print device

There have been several improvements to Remote Desktop/Terminal Server printing over the years. Today, the Windows Server 2012 R2 Remote Desktop Server attempts to use the Easy Print Driver, which is a universal, cross-platform driver introduced in Windows Server 2008. If the client device or printer does not support this driver, the server attempts to locate and use a more suitable driver match from its

local driver repository.

Introduced in Windows Server 2008 R2 and continued in Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server 2012 R2 is the concept of ___default printer settings. Users with mobile computers running Windows 7 Professional, Enterprise, or Ultimate or Windows 8 or 8.1 Pro or Enterprise can configure a different default printer according to the network to which they are connected. For example, a user can specify a default printer when in the office and a different default printer set for home. The laptop automatically selects the correct default printer according to the current location of the user.

location-aware

These print devices should be the same ___so that they use the same printer driver.

make and model

With the release of Windows 2000, Microsoft established a standard for printing model for drivers that they've identified as the V3 Model of drivers. The V3 Model relied heavily on ___to produce specific drivers for each make and model of printer. Each driver was responsible for the configuration and management of the printer's specific functions.

manufacturers

The GDI is the component that provides

network applications with a system for presenting graphical information.

Branch Office Direct Printing only works with ___printers and is not supported by third-party printer applications or printer pooling.

network attached

Easier printing in Windows RT

new included print class driver is provided with Windows RT enable support for many printers. However the print servers must be configured with version 4 print drivers. New to Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 is easier connection to Shared printers even if they are configured with the 3 printer drivers

print and fax services now include user access logging

obviously you were only able to load printer access by means of client computer IP address. Windows Server 2012 R2 now enables you to love each user that utilizes printer and fax services but with IP address and username.

When finished installing the print and document role the Print Management snap-in is accessible from the Dashboard view of Server Manager or by typing print management into the Search charm. This snap-in enables you to

perform a variety of printer management tasks on printers installed on computers running any recent version of Windows.

The Ports tab of the printer's Properties dialog box enables you to configure printer ports and printer

pooling.

As client computers connect, their local printers can be redirected into the Remote Desktop session. This means that

printers configured on the client computer are automatically carried into the remote desktop or Terminal Server session. Print jobs submitted while logged on to the remote desktop session are passed back to the client computer where they are printed to the specific print device.

You can configure different printers associated with the same print device so that a managers' print jobs are printed before those of other users or so that long print jobs wait until after hours to prevent tying up a print device for an extended period of time. To do this, simply assign a

priority of 99 to the managers' printer and 1 to the printer used by all other users. Also assign permissions so that only the managers can print to their printer.

The ports tab also enables you to redirect a printer should a

problem occur with its print device and you need to take it offline for maintenance.

Branch Office Direct Printing is a new technology included in Windows Server 2012 and updated in Windows Server 2012 R2. It was designed to help

reduce bandwidth costs by reducing the amount of printing traffic that would traverse WAN links.

The client side of the spooler (Winspool.drv) makes a ___to the server side of the spooler (Spoolsv.dll).

remote procedure call (RPC)

keep printed documents

retained printed jobs in The Print Spooler period enables a user to resubmit a document from the print queue rather than from an application

printing defaults command button

select the default orientation and Order of pages being printed. Users can modify this from most applications if desired. Additional print device-specific settings may be present

The Ports tab enables you to

select various available ports to which a document will be printed.

Print directly to the printer

send documents to the printer device without first reading them to the print server hard drive. recommended for non shared printers

To client computers, the printer pool appears as though it were a ___printer.

single

print processor command button

specifies the available print processor which process of the document into the appropriate print job

First introduced in Windows Server 2008 R2 and continued in Windows Server 2012 R2 is the capability to configure printer driver components to run in a process that is isolated from other processes, including the spooler process. Doing so improves

the reliability of the Windows print service by preventing a faulty printer driver from stopping all print operations on the print server.

printer ports

the software interface between the computer and the printer device

Printer

the software interface between the operating system and print device. In other words a printer it is part of the software and a print device is Hardware. What this means is that the printer is the way windows sees where is sending print jobs. This is true for all windows versions client or server

Microsoft considers a printer to be

the software interface between the print server and the physical print device. This convention is used on Microsoft exams.

Hold mismatched documents

the spooler holds the documents that do not match the available form until the form is loaded

Enabling separator pages is a best practice that you should follow so that

the users can locate their print jobs rapidly and conveniently.

Specify terminal server fallback printer driver Behavior

this policy enables you to configure how the terminal server manages the redirected printer driver. By default this option is disabled and the terminal server does not use any alternative for fallback printer driver. If a driver is not found no printers are mapped into the session. If this policy is enabled you can configure the terminal server to use a standard PCL or PS driver if a more suitable native print driver is not found.

do not set default client printer to be default printer in a session

this policy enables you to configure it whether or not the client default printer is mapped and configured as the default printer in the remote desktop session

Do not allow client printer redirection

this policy enables you to configure whether or not to allow local client printers from being redirected into the remote desktop session. When this option is configured other policy settings for Printery direction are ignored.

Restarting a print job means

to restart it from the beginning—for example, when the print job is being printed on the wrong type of paper.

Resuming a print job means

to restart the job from the point at which it was paused—for example, to add more paper to the printer.

enable Advanced printing features

turns on meta file spooling and presents additional options like page order and pages per sheet

Printer migration for web services for devices (WSD) print devices

updated in Windows Server 2012 R2 the print Management console or the command line tool PrintBRM.exe enables you to backup, restore and migrate WSD print devices. Printer migration enables you to back up and restore the local computer or remote WSD print server

Tip Sometimes you might have a server on which you've installed different types of printers such as laser, color laser, or color ink-jet. Enabling printer driver isolation enables you to ensure that if a driver problem is encountered with one printer type, users can continue to

use other printers of a different type on the same server.

redirect only the default client printer

when can figure this policy will only read direct and left the default printer into the remote desktop session

Event logging for BODP

when you deploy do DP with event logging print jobs are logged and events written to Event Viewer on the remote print server despite the fact that Windows sends these jobs directly to the local printer without other intervention from the print server. Does logging is enabled by default when you deploy BODP however you can disable or enable logging with Windows Powershell