A. History- Chapter 4- Short Answer

A two house legislature is a _____________________.

bicameral

How did the jobs of boys and girls differ?

both- They were expected to work by age 7 boys-They were expected to work in the fields with their father girls- They were expected to work with their mom on learning how to run a house.

Every town with at least 50 families had to start an _____________________________.

elementary school

The Magna Carta guaranteed the right to a trial by ______.

jury

How did the Great Awakening affect American society?

led to the rise of many churches. It reinforced democratic ideas. Led to more to religious tolerance.

What were the natural rights that John Locke argued about?

life, liberty, and property

What did the Magna Carta do that had never been done before?

limited the rights of the English monarchs (place restrictions on the king's power)

English Parliament passed the Navigation Act to support ___________________________.

mercantilism

What cultural influences did Africans bring to America?

music, dance, literature, language, art, manners, and religion

Who was the grammar school mainly for?

older students

Why did slavery take route?

planters preferred slaves over servants. Slaves were cheap labor.

Colonial schools taught what 4 things?

reading, writing, arithmetic, and Religion

How did education differ for boys and girls?

some colonial elementary schools would only admit girls in the summer when the boys weren't there, others would admit them. The girls would go to school at different times.

How might one become a member of the middle class?

they could acquire property or land and move up on the social side.

What was the goal of the religious revival?

to revive religious feelings

Name the three parts to the Navigation Act.

1) Shipments from Europe to England had to go through England 1st. 2) Any imports to England from the colonies had to come in ships built/ owned by the British. 3) Colonists could sell products (tobacco/sugar only to England.)

What were the things that consisted in the slave code?

1. Could not meet in large number, own weapons, or leave the plantation without permission. 2. It was illegal to teach slaves to read and write. 3. Masters who killed slaves could not be tried for murder.

Triangular trade consisted of three leg voyage consisting of:

1. Ships from New England carried fish, lumber, and other goods to the Caribbean Island (West Indies). 2. Ships carried rum, guns, and other goods from Ne England to West Africa. 3. Ships carried their human cargo to the West Indies for sale.

What three things were included in a hornbook?

ABCs, Roman Numerals, and The Lord's Prayer

____________ was the first colonial poet.

Anne Bradstreet

______ started the newspaper The Pennsylvania Gazette Published Poor Richard's Almanack (full of pithy saying that had some type of moral)

Benjamen Franklin

Puritans passed laws education that included:

- Required parents to teach their children/servants to read. - Every town with at least 50 families had to start and elementary school - Every town with 100 families had to have a grammar school for older students - MA laws were the beginning of public schools in America.

Explain who the children did?

-At age, 7, most were required to work on the farm. Parents believed that tasks prepared them for adult life. -Marbles, hopscotch, leapfrog, and jump rope were played. -Boys learned trades and began as apprentices.

Explain the roles of women.

-Expected to marry men chosen by their parents. -Any land she owned or any money she had became her husband's when they married. -She was expected to have children. -Domestic responsibilities- cooked, laundry, spun yarn, gardening, tending to the animals, churned butter. -Little or no public public life, could not vote or hold office.

Explain African Culture Influence.

-Reproduced African grass baskets used to sift rice. -Spoke Gullah (special dialect created on the West Coast of Africa, it blended English and several African languages). -Rhythm of drums used for communication by Africans came into American music. -Banio and Folktales became a part of American culture.

Explain the Middle Class.

-Small planters, independent farms, and artisans (skilled craftsmen) -Could acquire property and move up the social scale.

Explain the Gentry.

-Upper class of colonial society- more often held office -Wealthy planters, merchants, ministers, royal officials, and successful lawyers

What was Gullah?

A blend of many African languages, an English

Every town with at least 100 families had to have a ________________.

A grammar school

What was the Middle Passage?

A route between Africa and America. Captives were traded for guns and other goods. They were then loaded onto slave ships and transported across the Atlantic on a brutal voyage that became known as the Middle Passage. A route between Africa and America

Explain the roles of men.

Expected to make the money for the family, and to take care of the family (safety) etc.

Name the social classes from upper to lower.

Gentry Middle class Indentured servants Free African Americans

____________ was the 1st college in the English colonies.

Harvard

What was the first legislator in the English part of North America?

House of Burgesses

What two houses made up Parliament?

House of Parliament and House of Lords.

__________________ argued that people have certained natural rights (life, liberty, and property) cannot be taken away. Argued they came from God. He challenged the idea of divine right.

John Locke

________________________ was the publisher of the NY Weekly Journal was arrested for printing articles that criticized the governor. His case helped establish a fundamental principle- a democracy on well-informed citizens

John Peter Zenger

___________________________ called on people to examine their lives and commit themselves to God.

Johnathan Edwards

_________________________ argued that the powers of gov. should be clearly defined/ limited.

Motesquieu

Explain the Glorious revolution

Parliament removed King James || from the throne and ask his daughter Mary and her husband William to rule England. They eventually signed the English Bill of Rights. What was this called?

_______________ was an enslaved African poet (1st poem published at 14)

Phillis Wheatly

_____________ Led to the rise of many new churches. In time, this led to more tolerance of religious differences in the colonies. Reinforced democratic ideas

Religious Revival

Harvard was financed by the __________________.

Puritans

Who was the first o promote education?

Puritans

Who were the fist to bring Africans to the Americas as slaves?

Spanish/Portugese

What was the goal of the Enlightenment thinkers?

That people have natural rights and they challenged the idea of divine rights. They argued that the power of the government should be limited and clearly defined.

Parliament removed King James || from the throne and ask his daughter Mary and her husband William to rule England. They eventually signed the English Bill of Rights. What was this called?

The Glorious Revolution

William and Mary college was founded by ______.

Virginia colonists

Explain the Free African Americans.

Were allowed to own land, this allowed them to become slaveholders. Not allowed to vote or sit on juries.

Which groups of people were permitted to vote, and which were not?

Were: rich men and landowners NOT: women, African Americans, Native Americans, indentured servants

What role did religion play in colonial schools?

Whole class in Religion. It was a main subject.

___________ was the first college in the south.

William and Mary