A&P 2 Respiratory system
pulmonary ventilation
Which of the following processes does atmospheric pressure play a role in?
erythropoietin
Which of the following stimulates the production of erythrocytes?
terminal bronchioles
Which of the following structures is not part of the bronchial tree?
fissure
Which of the following structures separates the lung into lobes?
increase in
A decrease in volume leads to a(n) ________ pressure.
early childhood, around 8 years of age
A full complement of mature alveoli are present by ________.
Haldane effect
A low partial pressure of oxygen promotes hemoglobin binding to carbon dioxide. This is an example of the ________.
bronchopulmonary segment
A section of the lung that receives its own tertiary bronchus is called the ________.
The ribs and sternum move upward.
Contraction of the external intercostal muscles causes which of the following to occur?
internal respiration
Gas exchange that occurs at the level of the tissues is called ________.
resistance
Gas flow decreases as ________ increases.
difficulty inflating the lungs
If a baby is born prematurely before type II cells produce sufficient pulmonary surfactant, which of the following might you expect?
hyperventilation
Increased ventilation that results in an increase in blood pH is called ________.
oral cavity
The fauces connects which of the following structures to the oropharynx?
It is absorbed shortly after birth.
What happens to the fluid that remains in the lungs after birth?
small venous reserve of oxygen
Exercise can trigger symptoms of AMS due to which of the following?
high; low
Gas moves from an area of ________ partial pressure to an area of ________ partial pressure.
hemoglobin and oxygen
Oxyhemoglobin forms by a chemical reaction between which of the following?
respiratory
The ________ circulation picks up oxygen for cellular use and drops off carbon dioxide for removal from the body.
ectoderm
The olfactory pits form from which of the following?
It diffuses into the alveoli.
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 45 mm Hg in the blood and 40 mm Hg in the alveoli. What happens to the carbon dioxide?
visceral and parietal pleurae.
The pleura that surrounds the lungs consists of two layers, the ________.
transpulmonary pressure
The pressure difference between the intra-alveolar and intrapleural pressures is called ________.
around week 20
When do fetal breathing movements begin?
Chloride is exchanged for bicarbonate.
Which of the following occurs during the chloride shift?
residual volume
Which of the following prevents the alveoli from collapsing?
increase surface area
What is the function of the conchae in the nasal cavity?
to remove pathogens and debris
What is the role of alveolar macrophages?
The capillary constricts.
When ventilation is not sufficient, which of the following occurs?
alveoli
Which of the following anatomical structures is not part of the conducting zone?
C-shaped cartilage
Which of the following are structural features of the trachea?
temperature pH BPG
Which of the following factors play a role in the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation/dissociation curve?
