A&P Ch 5 The Skeletal System
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a synovial joint?
Amphirthortic
Each complex of central canal and matrix rings in compact bone is known as ________.
An osteon (Haversian system)
The skeletal system is subdivided into the axial and the __________ skeleton.
Appendicular
What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces friction in the joints?
Articular cartilage
The true ribs __________.
Attach directly to the sternum by costal cartilages
The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that ________.
Bone length is increasing (???)
Ligaments join __________ to bone at joints.
Bones
Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?
Breakdown of proteins into amino acids
The most important minerals stored in bones are ________.
Calcium and phosphorus
Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal are known as ________.
Canaliculi
Which of these allow nutrients to diffuse from the central canal to all the osteocytes within an osteon?
Canaliculi
Which of the following bones is NOT a part of the axial skeleton?
Clavicle
In what type of fracture is the bone broken into many fragments?
Comminuted
A fracture that is common in osteoporotic bones is a(n) ________.
Compression fracture
The metacarpophalangeal joints are examples of which type of synovial joint, based on shape?
Condyloid joint
What term refers to the end of a long bone?
Epiphysis
The cells of fibrous connective tissues.
Fibroblasts
The fibrous connections between the bones of a fetal skull are ________.
Fontanels
Which of these statements describes a function of fontanels?
Fontanels allow the fetal skull to be compressed slightly during childbirth.
The large hole located in the base of the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord and brain to connect is the ________.
Foramen magnum
Which of the following is NOT a condition or injury most commonly associated with older people?
Greenstick fracture
In an osteon, bone cells are arranged in concentric circles around longitudinal tubes called __________.
Haversian canals
A measure of the amount of blood cells in a blood sample.
Hematocrit
Refers to blood clots in body tissues, such as a bruise.
Hematoma
Blood cell formation called __________ occurs within the marrow of certain bones.
Hematopoiesis
Blood cell formation called __________ occurs within the marrow of certain bones.
Hemoglobin
The oxygen-carrying pigment of blood.
Hemoglobin
The elbow is classified as a(n) ________.
Hinge joint
The glenoid cavity is located where the __________.
Humerus articulates with the scapula
What is the region of the coxal bone that bears most of the body weight when a person is sitting?
Ischial tuberosity
What is the distinguishing feature of a synovial joint?
Joint cavity
A convex curvature of the spine that results in a bulge at the upper back.
Kyphosis
The small cavities in bone tissue where osteocytes are found are called ________.
Lacunae
The suture situated anteriorly between the parietal bones and occipital bone is the ________.
Lambdoid suture
The sagittal suture is located between the __________ and __________ bones.
Left parietal; right parietal
The femur is an example of this category of bone.
Long bone
The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as ________.
Long bones
Miguel has an abnormal forward curvature in the lumbar region, resulting in a swaybacked posture. Miguel has __________.
Lordosis
Which of these bones form the hard palate?
Maxillary and palatine
Which bones form the palm of the hand?
Metacarpal bones
The foramen magnum is a feature of the __________ bone.
Occipital
Join the parietal bones anteriorly at the lambdoid suture.
Occipital bones
The process of bone formation is known as ________.
Ossification
The spinal curvatures in the __________ and __________ regions are referred to as primary curvatures because they are present when we are born.
Thoracic; sacral
The coronoid process, olecranon process, and trochlear notch are all found on the __________.
Ulna
What bones protect the spinal cord?
Vertebra
Which of the following statements regarding bone formation, growth, and remodeling is FALSE?
When blood calcium levels drop below homeostatic levels, the parathyroid glands release PTH, a hormone that activates osteoblasts in bones.
The __________ bones form the lateral portion of the eye orbits, are lateral to the nose, and articulate with the maxillae.
Zygomatic
A degenerative joint disease that typically affects the elderly.
Osteoarthritis
The cell type that is responsible for basic bone formation is the __________.
Osteoblast
During the repair of a fracture, which of the following cells form the bony callus?
Osteoblasts
Which structure is contained within the lacuna of living bone?
Osteocyte
Which of these bones is most susceptible to fractures?
Osteoporotic bones
Bone-destroying cells known as osteoclasts are activated by the hormone ________.
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Which of the following are paired bones found in the cranium?
Parietal and temporal
Form the coronal suture where they meet the frontal bone.
Parietal bones
The rounded end of one bone fits into a sleeve or ring of bone (and possibly ligaments).
Pivot joint
The articular surfaces are essentially flat, and only short slipping or gliding movements are allowed.
Plane joint
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cervical vertebrae?
Presence of facets for ribs
Julie fell off her horse and dislocated her right shoulder. The primary treatment to resolve this injury is __________.
Reduction
A disease of children more common in the third world. Lack of calcium or vitamin D causes bones to soften, resulting in the common symptom of bowed legs. Small stature, muscle weakness, and bone pain are also common symptoms.
Rickets
Hasan is a three-year-old boy who lives in Dhaka, Bangladesh. He is small for his age, has bowed legs, exhibits muscle weakness, and complains often of pain in his bones. Hasan most likely has __________.
Rickets
Twiddling your thumbs utilizes which type of joint?
Saddle
Each articular surface has both convex and concave areas, like a saddle.
Saddle joint
The pectoral girdle is composed of the following structures:
Scapula and clavicle
Which of these is a typical characteristic of the female pelvis?
Schial spines that are short and farther apart
The __________ is an important cranial landmark, as it houses the pituitary gland.
Sella turcica
How many true ribs do humans have?
Seven
Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called ________ bones.
Short
Which bone of the cranium contains a small depression that surrounds the pituitary gland?
Sphenoid bone
Which of these is a function of the skeletal system?
Storage site for calcium
In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to ________.
Store adipose tissue
How is a ball-and-socket joint classified?
Synovial joint
Join the parietal bones at the squamous sutures.
Temporal bones