A&P Chapter 16

Parturition occurs approximately how many days after a woman's last menstrual cycle

280 days

For a sperm cell to fertilize an ovum, sexual intercourse must occur no more than __ hours before ovulation

48

The entire process of spermatogenesis takes approximately

64-72 days

Normal healthy semen has an approximate pH level of

7.2-7.6

The portion of the male urethra that is surrounded by the prostate is called the membranous urethra

False

The two functional areas of the blastocyst are the morula and the trophoblast

False

Urine and sperm are able to pass through the urethra at the same time

False

Viable sperm cannot be produced at temperatures below body temperatures

False

When a year has passed without menstruation, a woman has reacher menarche

False

Male sex chromosomes are represented by

XY

During oogenesis, an oogonium directly gives rise to

a primary oocyte

Milky-colored fluid secreted from the prostate

activate sperm

Androgens such as testosterone are produced by the

interstitial cells

Which one of the following is NOT a component of semen

epididymal fluid

Maturing sperm gain their ability to swim while in the

epididymis

The stage of labor that involves the delivery of the infant is the

expulsion stage

Spermatogenesis produces

four sperm

The superior rounded region of the uterus above the entrance of the uterine tubes is called the

fundus

The enlarged tip of the penis is referred to as the

glans penis

Menopause, which ends childbirth ability, is considered to have occurred when a woman

has gone a year without menstruation

Which one of the following is NOT one of the secondary sex characteristics typical of males

increased sex drive

Fertilization usually occurs in the

uterine (fallopian) tubes

A fertilized egg is known as a

zygote

In a female, the labia minor are two outer, hair-covered folds of skin that enclose the delicate, hair-free folds called the labia majora

False

Oocytes are viable for 48-72 hours once ovulated from the ovary

False

Ovulation occurs during the secretory phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle

False

Sperm are matures and ejaculated from the epididymis and ductus vas deferent during ejaculation

False

Spermatids are functional sperm

False

The endoderm gives rise to the nervous system and the epidermis of the skin

False

The hormone that causes secondary sex characteristics in males is progesterone

False

The innermost layer of the uterus is called the myometrium

False

Each spermatid and ovum have

23 chromosomes

The process of ovulation occurs in females approximately every

28 days

The uterine (menstrual) cycle us

28 days long

The presence of more oxytocin receptors in the uterus lead to weak, irregular contractions known as

Braxton Hicks

A primary oocyte undergoes meiosis and produces a secondary oocyte and a polar body

True

An erection results from blood filling the spongy erectile tissues of the penis

True

Beginning at the ninth week of development, the embryo is referred to as a fetus.

True

Estrogens cause the appearance of the secondary sex characteristics in females

True

Hypertrophy of the prostate gland makes urination quite difficult for males

True

One primary spermatocyte will undergo meiosis to ultimately form four sperm

True

Oocytes are carried toward the uterus by both cilia and peristalsis

True

Ovaries contain many tine saclike structures called ovarian follicles, each of which consist of an immature egg surrounded by one or more layers of follicle cells

True

Ovulation occurs when a vesicular (Graafian) follicles release an egg

True

Ovulation usually occurs on or about day 14 of the menstrual cycle

True

Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum and is needed for maintenance if a female becomes pregnant

True

Sperm swim are sluggish in an acidic environment below a pH of 6

True

The acrosome helps a sperm penetrate the follicle cells that surround the egg

True

The bulbourethral glands are located inferior to the prostate gland and produce a clear mucous secretion that aids lubrication during sexual intercourse

True

The cervix typically dilates to about 10 cm during the dilation stage of labor

True

The cyclic changes that occur monthly in the ovary constitute the ovarian cycle

True

The diamond-shaped region of a female's external genitalia found between the anterior end of the labial folds, the anus posteriorly, and the ischial tuberosities is called the perineum

True

The ejaculatory duct passes through the prostate gland

True

The external genitalia of a female is also called the vulva

True

The males testes have both an endocrine and an exocrine function

True

The placenta and its attached fetal membranes, delivered during the placental stage of labor, are called the afterbirth

True

The process of childbirth is known as parturition

True

The rapid mitotic cell division that occurs after the fertilization of an egg is known as cleavage

True

When a woman is not pregnant, the endometrial lining of the uterus is sloughed off about every 28 days

True

The clusters of specific glands that produce milk when a woman is lactating are called

alveolar glands

The fluid-filled sac surrounding the fetus is the

amnion

From fertilization to week 8 of pregnancy, the conceptus is called

an embryo

Thick, clear mucus that cleanses the urethra of acidic urine is produced by the

bulbourethral glands

Parturition is another term for

childbirth

The external female structure that corresponds to the male penis the

clitoris

Which one of the following is NOT one of the secondary sex characteristics in young women

decreased fat deposits beneath the skin

During a vasectomy operation, what portion of the male reproductive duct system is cut to prevent the passage of sperm to the outside of the body

ductus (vas) deferens

Sperm that are ejaculated travel from the epididymis into the

ductus (vas) deferens

Spermatogenesis begins

during puberty

The placenta is usually functioning to deliver nutrients and oxygen to, and remove waste from, the embryonic blood by the __ of embryonic development

eighth week

Peristaltic waves squeeze sperm from the epididymis along to the outside of the male's body during

ejaculation

Which of the following is NOT a part of a male's testis

ejaculatory duct

The primary germ layer that gives rise to the mucosa and associated glands is the

endoderm

The inner mucosal layer of the uterus that is sloughed off approximately every 28 days is called the

endometrium

Which layer of the uterus serves as the site of implantation

endometrium

The hormone responsible for ovulation is

luteinizing hormone

The middle part of the male urethra that extends from the prostate to the penis is called the

membranous urethra

The first menstrual period, which usually occurs at approximately age 13, is called

menarche

The mammary glands are

modified sweat glands in both males and females

The tiny ball of 16 cells found freely floating in the uterine cavity is called a

morula

The process by which a mature egg is ejected from the ovary is called

ovulation

Labor is initiated by prostaglandins and

oxytocin

Circumcision for males removes

prepuce

Females are born with a supply of approximately 2 million

primary oocytes

The corpus lute is a special glandular structure of the ovaries that primarily produces

progesterone

The hormone produced by the placenta that causes the pelvic ligaments and pubic symphysis to relax, widen, and become more flexible to ease birth passage is called

relaxin

Which of the following cells could be fertilized

secondary oocyte

The exocrine function of the testes is

sperm production

The primitive stem cell of spermatogenesis, which is found on the periphery of each seminiferous tubule, is called

spermatogonia

The process in which perm are streamlined into a head, mid piece, and tail is called

spermiogenesis

Which one of the following is NOT true of the proliferative state of the menstrual cycle

the endometrium becomes thin and shiny in appearance

Days 15-28 of the uterine (menstrual) cycle are known as

the secretory phase