A&P Midterm

Which of the following is NOT consistent with active transport? Select one: a. Uses cell energy b. Exhibits competition and saturation c. Involves a carrier d. Movement is against a concentration gradient. e. Movement is with a concentration gradient.

Movement is with a concentration gradient.

a. Epidermis

What is the outermost layer of skin? Select one: a. Epidermis b. Dermis c. Subcutaneous

a. Hyaline cartilage

What type of cartilage is in the following image? Select one: a. Hyaline cartilage b. Fibrocartilage c. Elastic Carilage d. Reticular Cartilage

b. Simple cuboidal epithelium

What type of epithelium is in the image? Select one: a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified cuboidal epithelium

d. Stratified squamous epithelium

What type of epithelium is in the image? Select one: a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium c. Stratified cuboidal epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium

Skeletal Muscle

What type of muscle is in the following image. Select one: a. Smooth Muscle b. Cardiac Muscle c. Skeletal Muscle

c. Dense Irregular Elastic Connective Tissue

What type of tissue is in the following image? Select one: a. Adipose Tissue b. Dense Regular Collagenous Connetive Tissue c. Dense Irregular Elastic Connective Tissue d. Reticular Tissue

b. Adipose Tissue

What type of tissue is in the image? Select one: a. Embryonic Connective Tissue b. Adipose Tissue c. Areolar Connective Tissue d. Reticular Tissue

How many electrons does an element contain if the atomic number is 6 and the mass number is 20? Select one: a. 6 b. 8 c. 12 d. 14 e. 20

a. 6

Cyanide stops the production of ATP. Which of the following processes would be affected? Select one: a. Active transport b. Filtration c. Simple diffusion d. Facilitated diffusion e. Osmosis

a. Active transport

Which of the following is consistent with homeostasis? Select one: a. As body temperature rises, sweating occurs to cool the body. b. When a person drinks large quantities of water, urine output decreases to raise blood volume. c. Elevated blood glucose levels cause insulin secretion to decline. d. Decreases in blood pressure cause a corresponding decrease in heart rate. e. As blood pressure falls, blood flow to the heart decreases.

a. As body temperature rises, sweating occurs to cool the body.

What appears white on X-Ray? Select one: a. Bone b. Skin c. Air d. Mucous

a. Bone

Organic molecules are centered around containing what element? Select one: a. Carbon b. Hydrogen c. Oxygen d. Nitrogen

a. Carbon

When a large reactant is broken down to form smaller products. Select one: a. Catabolism b. Anabolism c. Metabolism d. Electrolytes

a. Catabolism

A group of cells was treated with a proteolytic (protein-digesting) enzyme. Which of the following processes would be least affected by this treatment? Select one: a. Diffusion of lipid-soluble molecules through the plasma membrane b. Secondary active transport c. Sodium-potassium exchange pump d. Diffusion of sodium through sodium membrane channels e. Use of carrier molecules in facilitated diffusion

a. Diffusion of lipid-soluble molecules through the plasma membrane

Which of the following terms correctly identifies the name of an embryonic germ layer? Select one: a. Ectoderm b. Epiderm c. Exoderm

a. Ectoderm

Triglycerides are composed of what? Select one: a. Glycerol and three fatty acids b. Four Rings c. Carboxyl group, hydrogen, amino group, and R group d. Five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate e. Active site

a. Glycerol and three fatty acids

What type of cell phagocytize or provide protection? Select one: a. Macrophages b. Mast cells c. Platelets d. White blood cells e. Fat cells

a. Macrophages

What level is a group of organs functioning together? Select one: a. Organ System b. Organism c. Organ d. Tissue

a. Organ System

What type of epithelium is found in the urinary bladder? Select one: a. Transitional epithelium b. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium c. Simple squamous epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium

a. Transitional epithelium

Transitional epithelium is commonly found where? Select one: a. Urinary bladder b. Skin c. Lungs d. Tympanic membrane e. Cornea

a. Urinary bladder

Cyanide stops the production of ATP. Which of the following processes would be affected? Select one: a. active transport b. filtration c. facilitated diffusion d. osmosis e. simple diffusion

a. active transport

What type of membrane proteins are integral proteins that move ions or molecules across plasma membrane? Select one: a. carrier proteins b. receptor proteins c. enzymes d. marker molecules e. channel protein

a. carrier proteins

In ionic bonding, Select one: a. electrons are transferred from one atom to another. b. the charge of the ion does not play a role in the bond. c. only non-polar molecules are involved. d. two hydrogen atoms share one pair of electrons. e. a "sea of electrons" forms.

a. electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

Subatomic particles located around the nucleus of an atom are Select one: a. electrons. b. neutrons. c. photons. d. protons. e. neutrinos.

a. electrons.

In reference to the body temperature in living organisms, the set point can be defined as the Select one: a. ideal normal value b. current specific value c. amount of change that must occur for a condition to return to ideal normal value

a. ideal normal value

Membrane proteins that extend into the lipid bilayer are called Select one: a. integral proteins. b. lipoproteins. c. peripheral proteins. d. glycoproteins. e. extrinsic proteins.

a. integral proteins.

Endocytosis Select one: a. is the bulk uptake of material through the plasma membrane by vesicle formation. b. is movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane. c. is a process that requires a carrier molecule but does not use cellular energy. d. ends cell functions. e. moves material out of the cell.

a. is the bulk uptake of material through the plasma membrane by vesicle formation.

Stratified epithelium consists of Select one: a. multiple layers of cells. b. a single layer of cells. c. a single layer of cells that changes shape when the tissue is stretched. d. a multiple layer of cells that appears to change shape when the tissue is stretched. e. None of these choices are correct.

a. multiple layers of cells.

The support and protection of neurons rests with Select one: a. neuroglia. b. dendrites. c. axons. d. trabeculae. e. ligaments.

a. neuroglia.

In the process of diffusion, net movement of substances is always from a region Select one: a. of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. b. of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. c. outside the cell to a region inside the cell. d. inside the cell to a region outside the cell. e. None of these choices are correct.

a. of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Which of the following are symptoms of inflammation? Select one: a. redness, heat, and pain b. blistering, pain, and swelling c. heat, swelling, and blistering d. pain, redness, and bleeding e. swelling, bleeding, and numbness

a. redness, heat, and pain

Active transport Select one: a. requires ATP. b. involves vesicle formation. c. does not require metabolic energy (ATP). d. can move substances along their concentration gradient. e. follows osmotic pressure gradients.

a. requires ATP.

In a negative feedback mechanism, the response of the effector Select one: a. reverses the original stimulus. b. enhances the original stimulus. c. has no effect on the original stimulus. d. is usually damaging to the body. e. creates a cycle that leads away from homeostasis.

a. reverses the original stimulus.

In a negative feedback mechanism, the response of the effector Select one: a. reverses the original stimulus. b. enhances the original stimulus. c. has no effect on the original stimulus. d. is usually damaging to the body. e. creates a cycle that leads away from homeostasis.

a. reverses the original stimulus.

Glycogen is the Select one: a. storage carbohydrate in animals. b. storage carbohydrate in plants. c. nondigestible plant polysaccharide. d. major nutrient for most body cells. e. sugar found in RNA.

a. storage carbohydrate in animals.

The layer of epidermis that undergoes mitosis and forms new epidermal cells is the Select one: a. stratum basale. b. stratum granulosum. c. stratum lucidum. d. stratum corneum. e. stratum dermum.

a. stratum basale

Which of the following represents the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from the deepest to the most superficial? Select one: a. stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum b. stratum basale, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, and stratum corneum c. stratum spinosum, stratum basale, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum, and stratum granulosum d. stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum, stratum basale, and stratum spinosum e. stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

a. stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum

To determine that a type of epithelium is stratified, which of the following is most important? Select one: a. the number of cell layers b. the shape of most of the epithelial cells c. the shape of the most superficial epithelial cells d. the shape of the basal epithelial cells e. the shape of the basement membrane

a. the number of cell layers

Medial means Select one: a. toward the middle or midline of the body. b. away from the surface. c. closer to the head. d. closer than another structure to the point of attachment to the trunk. e. toward the back of the body.

a. toward the middle or midline of the body.

This type of tissue is closely packed with fat cells and forms a protective cushion around organs; insulate body and also form energy. Select one: a. Epidermal tissue b. Adipose connective tissue c. Loose connective tissue d. Areolar connective tissue

b. Adipose connective tissue

What is the scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure? Select one: a. Physiology b. Anatomy c. Cytology d. Histology

b. Anatomy

What gland is responsible for the production of earwax? Select one: a. Mammary Glands b. Ceruminous Glands c. Sebaceous Glands d. Apocrine Glands

b. Ceruminous Glands

Which of the following is a synthetic reaction where water is the product? Select one: a. Synthesis b. Dehydration c. Hydrolysis d. Catabolism

b. Dehydration

Which type of gland has no open contact with exterior and produces hormones? Select one: a. Goblet cells b. Endocrine c. Exocrine d. Simple e. Compound

b. Endocrine

Positive-feedback mechanisms are always damaging to the body. Select one: a. TRUE b. FALSE

b. FALSE

Which cells of the epidermis are part of the immune system? Select one: a. Keratinocytes b. Langerhans cells c. Melanocytes d. Fibroblasts e. Merkel cells

b. Langerhans cells

What type of imaging uses radio waves with a person lying on a large electromagnetic field? Select one: a. CT scan b. MRI c. PET d. Ultrasound e. X-Ray

b. MRI

he amount of matter in an object is Select one: a. Matter b. Mass c. Weight d. Element e. Atom

b. Mass

In which part of the cell cycle do chromosomes align along the equator? Select one: a. Prophase b. Metaphase c. Anaphase d. Interphase e. Telophase

b. Metaphase

Which type of muscle tissue allows voluntary movement? Select one: a. Hyaline b. Skeletal c. Cardiac d. Smooth e. Nervous

b. Skeletal

The building blocks of proteins are Select one: a. eicosanoids. b. amino acids. c. triglycerides. d. phospholipids. e. monosaccharides.

b. amino acids

A researcher discovered a sensory receptor that detects decreasing oxygen concentrations in the blood. According to the principles of negative feedback, it is likely that stimulation of this sensory receptor will produce which of the following types of responses? Select one: a. a decrease in heart rate b. an increase in the respiratory rate c. an increase in physical activity d. unconsciousness e. both a decrease in heart rate and an increase in the respiratory rate

b. an increase in the respiratory rate

The smallest particle of an element that still exhibits the chemical characteristics of that element is a(n) Select one: a. proton. b. atom. c. orbital. d. chemical bond. e. electron.

b. atom.

Which of the following is associated with nervous tissue? Select one: a. intercalated disc b. axon c. osteocyte d. lacuna e. desmosome

b. axon

A tissue that has a fluid matrix is Select one: a. bone. b. blood. c. cartilage. d. adipose tissue. e. areolar tissue.

b. blood.

Cells produce and respond to chemical and electrical signals as a means of Select one: a. synthesizing. b. communicating. c. metabolizing. d. using energy. e. reproducing.

b. communicating.

Connective tissue in tendons is Select one: a. dense irregular elastic tissue. b. dense regular collagenous tissue. c. dense regular elastic tissue. d. dense irregular collagenous tissue. e. reticular tissue.

b. dense regular collagenous tissue.

Covalent bonds form when Select one: a. atomic nuclei fuse. b. electrons are shared between two atoms. c. neutrons are transferred from one atom to another. d. molecules become ionized. e. protons are lost from atoms.

b. electrons are shared between two atoms.

The layer of epithelium that covers the skin is called the Select one: a. hypodermis. b. epidermis. c. dermis. d. papillary layer. e. mesodermis.

b. epidermis.

The environment outside the plasma membrane is most appropriately referred to as Select one: a. intracellular. b. extracellular. c. multicellular. d. centrocellular. e. None of these choices are correct.

b. extracellular.

Plasma membrane phospholipids Select one: a. have tails that face the exterior of the membrane. b. have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails. c. have polar (charged) tails. d. are arranged in a single layer. e. are 95% cholesterol.

b. have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails.

Melanin Select one: a. is transferred to other cells by osmosis. b. is absent in individuals known as albinos. c. is a pigment produced by cells in the stratum corneum. d. makes the skin lighter. e. is increased with exposure to infrared light.

b. is absent in individuals known as albinos

The amount of matter in an object is its Select one: a. element. b. mass. c. ionic charge. d. atomic number. e. weight.

b. mass.

Solution A contains 5 grams of sugar per liter while solution B contains 2 grams of sugar per liter. The solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. If the solvent in both solutions is water, predict in which direction most of the water molecules will move. Select one: a. move by simple diffusion from solution A to solution B b. move by osmosis from solution B to solution A c. move by active transport from solution B to solution A d. move by filtration from solution A to solution B e. There will be no movement of water.

b. move by osmosis from solution B to solution A

Phospholipids have a hydrophilic end which is Select one: a. polar and water-insoluble. b. polar and water-soluble. c. nonpolar and water -insoluble. d. nonpolar and water-soluble.

b. polar and water-soluble.

Molecules that form when electrons are shared unequally between atoms are called Select one: a. salt molecules. b. polar molecules. c. nonpolar molecules. d. lopsided molecules. e. None of these choices are correct.

b. polar molecules

A blood clot stimulating even more blood clotting is an example of Select one: a. negative feedback. b. positive feedback. c. neutral feedback. d. metabolism. e. There is no feedback involved.

b. positive feedback

Which of the following functions is associated with the skin? Select one: a. fat production b. protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun c. vitamin A production d. regulation of body pH e. vitamin C production

b. protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun

The study of the body's organization by areas is Select one: a. systemic anatomy. b. regional anatomy. c. molecular biology. d. microbiology. e. surface anatomy.

b. regional anatomy.

The plasma membrane Select one: a. is not permeable. b. regulates movement of materials into and out of the cell. c. has a single layer of phospholipids. d. is a rigid protein membrane. e. separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell.

b. regulates movement of materials into and out of the cell.

This is the main fibrous layer of the dermis. Select one: a. Epidermis b. reticular layer c. papillary layer d. stretch marks e. subcutaneous tissue

b. reticular layer

Which of the following is NOT a component of a negative feedback mechanism? Select one: a. effector b. stabilizer c. control center d. receptor

b. stabilizer

Which of the following is NOT a component of a negative feedback mechanism? Select one: a. effector b. stabilizer c. control center d. receptor

b. stabilizer

In which layer of the epidermis are granules of keratohyalin formed? Select one: a. stratum basale b. stratum granulosum c. stratum spinosum d. stratum corneum

b. stratum granulosum

In which layer of the epidermis are lamellar bodies formed inside keratinocytes? Select one: a. stratum corneum b. stratum spinosum c. stratum granulosum d. stratum basale e. stratum lucidum

b. stratum spinosum

Salt was added to a beaker of distilled water (the water was not stirred). A sample taken from the bottom of the beaker was found to be 20% salt. At the same time, a sample taken from the top of the beaker was found to be 2% salt. After 24 hours Select one: a. the difference in the percentage of salt between the top and bottom samples would increase. b. the percentage of salt in top and bottom samples would be approximately equal. c. the samples would still be 2% and 20% respectively. d. the salt would float to the top. e. None of these choices are correct.

b. the percentage of salt in top and bottom samples would be approximately equal.

The various types of epithelium are classified by Select one: a. the number of cell layers and size of the cells. b. the shape of cells and number of cell layers. c. the size and shape of cells. d. the size and location of cells. e. function and size of cells.

b. the shape of cells and number of cell layers.

What is a collection of similar cells and surrounding substances? Select one: a. organ b. tissue c. organ system d. extracellular matrix e. intracellular matrix

b. tissue

How many neutrons does an element contain if the atomic number is 9 and the mass number is 23? Select one: a. 9 b. 11 c. 14 d. 20 e. 23

c. 14

In _______, ions or molecules move in opposite directions. Select one: a. Uniport b. Ionport c. Antiport d. Symport e. Comport

c. Antiport

Which of the following categories of epithelium is based on cell shape? Select one: a. Keratinized b. Simple c. Columnar d. Transitional e. Stratified

c. Columnar

Adding a catalyst to a reaction results in which of the following? Select one: a. Slowing down a reaction b. Increasing the activation energy c. Decreasing the activation energy d. Increasing the concentration of reactants

c. Decreasing the activation energy

If you compare a cell with a manufacturing plant that exports goods, the cell's _____ could be compared to the manufacturing plant's shipping department. Select one: a. Nucleus b. Lysosome c. Golgi apparatus d. endoplasmic reticulum e. ribosome

c. Golgi apparatus

What is the microscopic study of tissues? Select one: a. Embryology b. Anatomy c. Histology d. Pathology e. Physiology

c. Histology

An anatomic image created from radio waves is a Select one: a. radiograph. b. CT scan. c. MRI. d. sonogram.

c. MRI.

What type of bond has electrons that are shared equally? Select one: a. Polar covalent bond b. Hydrogen bond c. Nonpolar covalent bond d. Ionic bond

c. Nonpolar covalent bond

What particle in an atom has a positive charge? Select one: a. Electron b. Neutron c. Proton d. Isotope

c. Proton

What is a mixture of liquids, gasses, or solids that are uniformly distributed and chemically combined? Select one: a. Solvent b. Solute c. Solution d. Colloid e. Suspension

c. Solution

Which of the following statements concerning the epidermis is true? Select one: a. The epidermis contains numerous blood vessels. b. The epidermis is very permeable to water-soluble molecules. c. The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis. d. The most numerous cells in the epidermis are the melanocytes. e. The dermis is superficial to the epidermis.

c. The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis.

Nucleotides Select one: a. are part of DNA molecules but not RNA molecules. b. hold the nucleus together. c. are the building blocks of nucleic acids. d. are proteins that function as enzymes. e. have nothing to do with the genetic information in the nucleus.

c. are the building blocks of nucleic acids.

Vitamin A, a fat-soluble vitamin, would move across the plasma membrane into the cell Select one: a. in vesicles. b. by transport with carrier molecules. c. by dissolving in the lipid bilayer. d. by active transport. e. through vitamin membrane channels.

c. by dissolving in the lipid bilayer.

The three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue are Select one: a. hyaluronic acid, collagen, and reticular fibers. b. proteoglycan, elastin, and reticular fibers. c. collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers. d. proteoglycan, elastin, and hyaluronic acid. e. chondronectic, osteonectin, fibronectin

c. collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers.

The bluish tinge of skin due to a reduction of oxygen in the blood is called Select one: a. desquamation. b. hemolysis. c. cyanosis. d. carotenosis. e. albinism.

c. cyanosis.

What type of connective tissue is found in the walls of large arteries? Select one: a. hyaline cartilage b. fibrocartilage c. dense irregular elastic tissue d. dense regular collagenous tissue e. elastic cartilage

c. dense irregular elastic tissue

A coiled fibrous protein in connective tissue that is stretchy is called Select one: a. hyaluronic acid. b. proteoglycan. c. elastin. d. collagen. e. a reticular fiber.

c. elastin

Which of the following organelles may or may not have ribosomes attached? Select one: a. Nucleolus b. Peroxisomes c. endoplasmic reticulum d. flagellum e. Golgi apparatus

c. endoplasmic reticulum

As skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss. This process is called Select one: a. desquamation. b. pollination. c. keratinization. d. germination. e. melaninization.

c. keratinization.

The activity of apocrine sweat glands Select one: a. gives the skin a healthy glow. b. produces sweat on the palm of the hand. c. leads to body odor. d. produces cerumen. e. produces an oily secretion.

c. leads to body odor.

The intracellular digestive organelle of a cell is the Select one: a. lipochrome. b. smooth endoplasmic reticulum. c. lysosome. d. rough endoplasmic reticulum. e. microtubule.

c. lysosome.

he extracellular material found in tissues is called Select one: a. plasma. b. lymph. c. matrix. d. fibroblast. e. cytoplasm.

c. matrix.

Which of the following is NOT consistent with active transport? Select one: a. uses cell energy b. movement is against a concentration gradient c. movement is with a concentration gradient d. exhibits competition and saturation e. involves a carrier

c. movement is with a concentration gradient

The mass number of an atom is the number of Select one: a. electrons plus neutrons in the atom. b. neutrons in the atom. c. neutrons plus protons in the atom. d. protons in the atom. e. protons plus electrons in the atom.

c. neutrons plus protons in the atom.

Which of the following organic groups does DNA belong to? Select one: a. protein b. lipid c. nucleic acid d. carbohydrate e. vitamin

c. nucleic acid

The "control center" of the cell is the Select one: a. endoplasmic reticulum. b. mitochondrion. c. nucleus. d. plasma membrane. e. ribosome.

c. nucleus.

Which of the following best describes a proton? Select one: a. one negative charge, no mass, found in orbitals b. no charge, mass of one, found in nucleus c. one positive charge, mass of one, found in nucleus d. subatomic particle with no electric charge e. None of these choices is correct.

c. one positive charge, mass of one, found in nucleus

This is the dermal layer closest to the epidermis. Select one: a. Epidermis b. reticular layer c. papillary layer d. stretch marks e. hypodermis

c. papillary layer

This is the dermal layer closest to the epidermis. Select one: a. Epidermis b. reticular layer c. papillary layer d. stretch marks e. subcutaneous tissue

c. papillary layer

Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by Select one: a. hydrogen bonds. b. high energy bonds. c. peptide bonds. d. Van der Waals bonds. e. ionic bonds.

c. peptide bonds.

Proteins Select one: a. are the body's source of immediate energy. b. are the building blocks of nucleotides. c. provide much of the structure of body cells and tissues. d. contain the genetic information of the cell. e. insulate and cushion the body.

c. provide much of the structure of body cells and tissues.

The layer of epidermis that undergoes mitosis and forms new epidermal cells is the Select one: a. stratum lucidum. b. stratum granulosum. c. stratum basale. d. stratum corneum. e. stratum dermum.

c. stratum basale.

Anatomy is Select one: a. the study of function. b. a branch of physiology. c. the study of structure. d. the study of living organisms. e. the study of homeostasis.

c. the study of structure.

Which of the following is CORRECTLY matched with its function? Select one: a. cell identity molecules - are primarily steroids b. receptor proteins - move specific ions or molecules using ATP c. carrier proteins - move bound ions or molecules from one side of the membrane to the other d. channel proteins - catalyze chemical reactions inside the cell e. peripheral proteins - penetrate the lipid bilayer from one surface to the other

carrier proteins - move bound ions or molecules from one side of the membrane to the other

An atom has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39. This atom will have Select one: a. 19 neutrons. b. 39 neutrons. c. 20 electrons. d. 20 neutrons. e. 58 neutrons.

d. 20 neutrons.

Solutions made by the dissociation of cations and anions in water is Select one: a. Nonelectrolytes b. Solubility c. Metabolism d. Electrolyte

d. Electrolyte

Which transport process requires a carrier molecule but does not use cellular energy? Select one: a. Diffusion b. Endocytosis c. Active transport d. Facilitated diffusion e. Osmosis

d. Facilitated diffusion

Nucleotides are composed of what? Select one: a. Glycerol and three fatty acids b. Four Rings c. Carboxyl group, hydrogen, amino group, and R group d. Five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate e. Active site

d. Five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate

Which system consists of hair, skin, and nails? Select one: a. Skeletal b. Cardiovascular c. Respiratory d. Integumentary

d. Integumentary

What organelle contains the chromosomes? Select one: a. Centrioles b. Ribosomes c. Lysosomes d. Nucleus e. mitochondria

d. Nucleus

_____________ pressure is the force required to prevent the movement of water by osmosis across a semipermeable membrane. Select one: a. Filtration b. Hydrolic c. Hydration d. Osmotic e. Fluid

d. Osmotic

What type of energy is the energy stored in chemical bonds? Select one: a. Mechanical Energy b. Heat Energy c. Kinetic Energy d. Potential Energy

d. Potential Energy

What type of membranes line joint cavities? Select one: a. Cutaneous b. Mucous c. Gobletal d. Synovial e. Serous

d. Synovial

Which of the following structures is likely to consist of dense irregular collagenous connective tissue? Select one: a. Bone b. Tendons c. Cartilage d. dermis of the skin e. elastic ligaments

d. dermis of the skin

What type of membrane proteins can catalyze chemical reactions on the inner or outer surfaces of the plasma membrane? Select one: a. channel protein b. carrier proteins c. receptor proteins d. enzymes e. marker molecules

d. enzymes

What type of tissue forms linings or coverings? Select one: a. connective tissue b. nervous tissue c. muscular tissue d. epithelial tissue

d. epithelial tissue

Triglycerides are composed of Select one: a. monosaccharides. b. amino acids. c. nucleotides. d. glycerol and fatty acids. e. None of these choices are correct.

d. glycerol and fatty acids.

The anatomical term that means "away from the midline of the body" is Select one: a. medial. b. proximal. c. distal. d. lateral. e. superficial.

d. lateral

Which of the following organic groups does a steroid belong to? Select one: a. carbohydrate b. nucleic acid c. protein d. lipid e. vitamin

d. lipid

The central axis of the hair is the Select one: a. shaft. b. cuticle. c. root. d. medulla. e. hair bulb.

d. medulla.

In the process of diffusion, net movement of substances is always from a region Select one: a. outside the cell to a region inside the cell. b. inside the cell to a region outside the cell. c. of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. d. of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. e. None of these choices are correct.

d. of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Ribosomes are organelles responsible for Select one: a. packaging "cell products" for export. b. energy production. c. cell movement and cell shape. d. protein synthesis. e. manufacturing lipids.

d. protein synthesis.

The pleural cavity is the Select one: a. a double-layered serous membrane that anchors some of the abdominal organs to the body wall. b. the serous membrane that covers the lungs. c. the serous membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities. d. space located between the visceral and parietal pleura. e. the membrane that lines the pericardial sac.

d. space located between the visceral and parietal pleura.

Homeostasis is defined as Select one: a. the production of energy by cells. b. the combination of growth, self-repair, and energy release. c. an amplification of deviation from the normal range. d. the maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body. e. a condition in the body that does not involve fluctuation.

d. the maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body.

What type of epithelial tissue is found in the urinary bladder? Select one: a. stratified squamous epithelium b. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium c. simple columnar epithelium d. transitional epithelium e. simple cuboidal epithelium

d. transitional epithelium

When the arrector pili muscles contract Select one: a. the body is able to lose heat. b. no change is noted on the skin surface. c. the hair on your arms and legs begins to curl. d. the sweat glands empty their contents onto the surface of the skin. e. "goose bumps" form on the skin and hair stands on end.

e. "goose bumps" form on the skin and hair stands on end.

The cavity of the body immediately inferior to the diaphragm is the _____ cavity. Select one: a. Pleural b. Thoracic c. Inguinal d. Pelvic e. Abdominal

e. Abdominal

Osmosis is the diffusion of _____ across a selectively permeable membrane. Select one: a. Sugar b. Sodium c. Oxygen d. Urea e. Water

e. Water

Electrolytes are substances that Select one: a. are NOT found in the human body in any appreciable amounts. b. form covalent bonds with water. c. cannot conduct electricity in solution. d. are NOT charged particles. e. conduct electricity when dissolved in water.

e. conduct electricity when dissolved in water.

The gallbladder, liver, and stomach are all part of the Select one: a. endocrine system. b. cardiovascular system. c. skeletal system. d. respiratory system. e. digestive system.

e. digestive system.

A particular membrane transport process exhibits saturation and uses carrier molecules, but does NOT require ATP. The process is probably Select one: a. osmosis. b. pinocytosis. c. active transport. d. phagocytosis. e. facilitated diffusion.

e. facilitated diffusion.

A particular membrane transport process exhibits saturation, uses carrier molecules, but does NOT require ATP. The process is probably Select one: a. active transport. b. osmosis. c. phagocytosis. d. pinocytosis. e. facilitated diffusion.

e. facilitated diffusion.

Plasma membrane phospholipids Select one: a. are 95% cholesterol. b. have tails that face the exterior of the membrane. c. have polar (charged) tails. d. are arranged in a single layer. e. have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails.

e. have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails.

Endocytosis Select one: a. is a process that requires a carrier molecule but does not use cellular energy. b. moves material out of the cell. c. ends cell functions. d. is movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane. e. is the bulk uptake of material through the plasma membrane by vesicle formation.

e. is the bulk uptake of material through the plasma membrane by vesicle formatio

Reticular tissue is found in Select one: a. intestinal tissue. b. muscles. c. nerve tissue. d. long bones. e. lymphatic tissue.

e. lymphatic tissue.

The vesicles that contain melanin are Select one: a. cyanosis. b. carotene. c. dermatitis. d. albinism. e. melanosomes.

e. melanosomes.

In general, water-soluble molecules diffuse through the ______ ______; and lipid-soluble molecules diffuse through the ______ ______. Select one: a. None of these choices is correct. b. lipid bilayer; membrane channels c. lipid bilayer; lipid bilayer d. membrane channels; membrane channels e. membrane channels; lipid bilayer

e. membrane channels; lipid bilayer

Which of the following is the correct sequence from largest to smallest? Select one: a. amino acid, cell, protein, atom b. amino acid, atom, cell, protein c. cell, protein, amino acid, atom d. atom, amino acid, protein, cell e. protein, cell, amino acid, atom

e. protein, cell, amino acid, atom

Channel proteins Select one: a. allow cells to recognize one another. b. are binding sites for other molecules. c. utilize the G protein complex to function. d. are found only on endoplasmic reticulum. e. provide a tunnel through which ions or molecules can enter or leave the cell.

e. provide a tunnel through which ions or molecules can enter or leave the cell.

A person suffered burns over a large part of his body. Evaporation of fluid from the surface of burned areas occurs. As a result of the evaporation process, cells will tend to Select one: a. first swell and then resume their original shape. b. rupture. c. swell. d. remain unchanged. e. shrink.

e. shrink.

This stratum contains many layers of dead squamous cells. Select one: a. stratum basale b. stratum spinosum c. stratum granulosum d. stratum lucidum e. stratum corneum

e. stratum corneum

This stratum contains many layers of dead squamous cells. Select one: a. stratum lucidum b. stratum spinosum c. stratum granulosum d. stratum basale e. stratum corneum

e. stratum corneum

Which of the following describes the position of the nose? Select one: a. inferior to the chin b. superior to the forehead c. posterior to the ears d. lateral to the eyes e. superior to the mouth

e. superior to the mouth

The study of the external form of the body and its relationship to deeper structures is Select one: a. systemic anatomy. b. regional anatomy. c. molecular biology. d. microbiology. e. surface anatomy.

e. surface anatomy.

When a sperm cell comes into contact with an egg cell, there is a change in the electrical charge across the plasma membrane and various channel proteins close. These channels would be called Select one: a. chemical-gated channels. b. ligand-gated channels. c. open-gated channels. d. nongated ion channels. e. voltage-gated channels.

e. voltage-gated channels.

The predominant lipid in the cell membrane is a Select one: a. triglyceride. b. glycolipid. c. phospholipid. d. prostaglandin. e. cholesterol.

phospholipid.

What type of epithelial tissue is found lining the trachea? Select one: a. simple cuboidal epithelium b. stratified squamous epithelium c. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium d. simple columnar epithelium e. transitional epithelium

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Epithelium that is primarily secretory in function would most likely be Select one: a. keratinized columnar. b. stratified squamous. c. simple cuboidal. d. simple squamous. e. transitional.

simple cuboidal.

What type of muscle is found attached to bones? Select one: a. cardiac muscle b. skeletal muscle c. smooth muscle

skeletal muscle

Movement of food through the digestive tract results from the action of Select one: a. smooth muscle. b. undifferentiated muscle. c. voluntary muscle. d. skeletal muscle. e. cardiac muscle.

smooth muscle.

The epidermis of the skin is composed of Select one: a. stratified cuboidal epithelium. b. stratified columnar epithelium. c. simple squamous epithelium. d. irregular dense fibrous connective tissue. e. stratified squamous epithelium.

stratified squamous epithelium.

Which of the following represents the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from the deepest to the most superficial? Select one: a. stratum basale, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, and stratum corneum b. stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum c. stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum, stratum basale, and stratum spinosum d. stratum spinosum, stratum basale, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum, and stratum granulosum e. stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum

To determine that a type of epithelium is squamous, which of the following is most important? Select one: a. the number of cell layers b. the shape of most of the epithelial cells c. the shape of the most superficial epithelial cells d. the shape of the basal epithelial cells e. the shape of the basement membrane

the shape of the most superficial epithelial cells

Epithelial tissue is characterized by Select one: a. tightly packed cells. b. absence of any basement membrane. c. extensive extracellular matrix. d. a rich blood supply. e. both tightly packed cells and a rich blood supply.

tightly packed cells.

A symporter will transport _____ across the cell membrane. Select one: a. two different ions or molecules in opposite directions b. two of the same ions or molecules in the same direction c. two different ions or molecules in the same direction d. two of the same ions or molecules in opposite directions e. one specific ion or molecule

two different ions or molecules in the same direction