A&P1 Ch5: Tissue Organization

Which three are functions of the basement membrane?

- Anchors the epithelium to connective tissue. - Provides physical support. - Acts as a barrier.

Which three are locations of areolar connective tissue?

- Dermis of the skin. - Subcutaneous layer deep to skin. - Surrounding blood vessels.

Select all that contain a simple cuboidal epithelium.

- Ducts of most glands. - Kidney tubules.

Which statements characterize ground of connective tissues?

- It is part of the extracellular matrix. - It can be fluid, semisolid. - It consists of proteins, carbohydrates, and water.

Which statements describe the locations of epithelial tissue?

- Lines body cavities. - Covers body surfaces. - Lines many organs. - Covers many organs.

Where might you find simple squamous epithelium?

- Lining of lumen of blood vessels (endothelium) - Lining of air sacs (alveoli) of lungs.

Connective tissue, although diverse, share the following basic components _ , _ , and _.

- Proteins fibers - Cells - Ground substance

Which are considered the functions of connective tissue?

- Storage and transport. (Adipose tissue and blood are types of connective tissues. Adipose tissue stores triglycerides and blood transports substances.) - Binding and support of structures. - Physical protection.

Which three characteristics describe epithelial tissue?

- The basal surface is bound to a basement membrane. - The cells are bound closely together. - It is composed almost entirely of cells.

Which are three characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue?

- The presence of intercalated discs. - Cells often bifurcate. - It is striated.

Which statements characterize serous membranes?

- They contain a parietal and visceral layer. - The pericardium is an example.

Functions of muscle tissue includes:

- Voluntary movement of body parts. - Propulsion of materials through digestive tract. - Contraction of the heart.

The two categories of connective tissues proper are _ connective tissue and _ connective tissue.

- dense - loose

_ connective tissues serves as padding and acts as an insulator to slow heat loss through the skin.

Adipose

Which is an example of connective tissue proper?

Adipose tissue

Match the correct epithelial cell surface on the left with its description on the right.

Apical - Exposed to surface or lumen. Lateral - Have intercellular connections. Basal - Where epithelium is attached to underlying connective tissue.

Which option best explains why nutrients for epithelial cells are obtained by diffusion from the underlying connective tissues.

Avascularity (Avascularity means a lack of blood vessels which is characteristic of epithila tissues.)

Food connective tissue types

Blood and lymph

Support of connective tissue 2 types

Cartilage and bone

Connective tissue; 3 classification common origin (mesenchyme)

Connective tissue proper supporting connective tissue fluid connective tissue

Cardiac muscle tissue

Contains intercalated disk Involuntarily

Wandering cells of connective tissue (CT)

Continuously move through (CT) Component of immune system Repair damage extra cellular matrix; Protect body from Harmful agent ex: leukocytes white blood cells

Match the tissue layer with its general functions.

Epithelial - Covers surfaces and lines body cavities and organs. Connective - Protects, binds together and supports organs. Muscle - Facilitates movement. Nervous - Controls activities, processes information.

Which of the following lists the four primary types of tissues found in the human body?

Epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscle.

Match the formed elements on the left with their functions on the right.

Erythrocytes - Transports and CO2 between lungs and body tissues. Leukocytes - Immunity. Platelets - Blood clotting.

This type of gland has a duct and carries its secretions to the surface of the body or the lumen of an organ.

Exocrine

Match the type of connective tissue cell with its description.

Fibroblasts - produce fibers and ground substance. Adipocytes - Store lipid reserves. Fixed Macrophages - These large cells phagocytize damaged cells and pathogens.

squamous cells

Flat, wide, irregular in shape Arranged like flattened floor tiles Nucleus flattened

merocrine glands

Glands that release fluid products by exocytosis larcrimal (tear) and salivary glands

Which is the most common type of cartilage, and also the weakest?

Hyaline

Cartlidge (3 types)

Hyaline, Fibrocartilage, Elastic

Connective tissue proper has what 2 types of connective tissue

Loose connective tissue (few fiber more ground substance) dense connective tissue (more fibers less ground substance)

Which type of connective tissue is located in the umbilical cord only?

Mucous connective tissue.

Match the epithelial cell type on the left with its location in the body on the right.

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous - Body openings like the oral cavity, vagina, and anus. Keratinized stratified squamous - Epidermis of skin. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar - Lines upper respiratory tract. Transitional - Lining of urinary bladder, ureters, and part of the urethra.

_ fibers contain the protein collagen and are thinner that collagen fibers.

Reticular

Match the type of simple epithelial with its description.

Simple squamous - One layer of flat, wide irregular shaped cells. Simple cuboidal - One layer of cells that are about as high as they are wide. Simple columnar, nonciliated - One layer of tall, narrow cells that often contain microvilli. Simple columnar, ciliated - One layer of tall, narrow cells that can move objects along their apical surface.

columnar cells

Slender and taller than they are wide Nucleus oval

Resident cells of connective tissue (CT)

Stationary house and CT Support, maintain, repair extra cellular matrix adipocytes, fibroblasts, mesechymal cell, & fixed macrophages

Which type of epithelium contains cells able to withstand a significant amount of stretch?

Transitional

True of False: There are a larger number of glial cells than neurons.

True

True or False: Epithelium acts as "gatekeepers" to control the movement of substances into the body.

True

Loose connective tissue examples

areolar, adipose, reticular

cuboidal cells

as tall as they are wide, shaped like cubes or hexagons function: may have microvilli & often specialized for secretion and absorption

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue is located _.

as the epidermis of the skin

A thin extracellular layer upon which an epithelium rests is called a(n) _ membrane.

basement

transitional cells

change shape, depending on stretch

types of protein fibers

collagen, reticular, elastic

bone (2 types)

compact and spongy

The _ membrane is commonly called skin.

cutaneous

Dense connective tissue examples

dense regular, dense irregular, elastic (Tendons and ligaments)

The simple squamous epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels is called a(n) _.

endothelium

Red blood cells are called _.

erythrocytes

holocrine glands

glands that release entire cells (ruptured cell) sebaceous (oil) glands

The study of tissues and their relationships within organs is called ____

histology

Types of wondering cells

mast cell plasma cell free macrophages T-lymphocyes / neutrophils

Tiny, cytoplasmic projections on the apical surface of a cell that increases the surface area for secretion and absorption are called _.

microvilli

A(n) _ is a structure composed of two or more tissues types that work together to perform a specific task.

organ

apocrine glands

pinch off a portion of their cell bodies during secretion; mammary glands

Which is found in areas where stress is minimal and where filtration, absorption, or secretions is the primary function?

simple epithelium

A _ epithelium contains two or more layers of epithelial cells.

stratified

The function of a _ is to attach a muscle to a bone.

tendon

Leukocytes are commonly called _ blood cells.

white