A&P1 HW#2

What is the primary energy-transferring molecule in cells?

ATP

In a solution, the solute is the substance present in the greatest amount.

FALSE

When an acid is added to a solution containing a weak base, the weak base will buffer the drop in pH by completely dissociating and accepting all of the hydrogen ions released from the acid.

False

What is the difference between kinetic and potential energy?

Kinetic energy is energy in action, while potential energy is stored energy.

Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?

MgO2 → Mg + O2

What explains the negative charge on the oxygen atom within the water molecule?

Oxygen atoms have a stronger pull on the electrons shared within a covalent bond formed between oxygen and hydrogen.

Which of the following statements about the polarity of covalent bonds is correct?

Small atoms with 6 or 7 valence shell electrons tend to be electronegative.

Which of the following is a FALSE statement about carbohydrates?

The chemical composition of carbohydrates includes two oxygens and one hydrogen for every carbon present.

Which of the following statements regarding atoms is true?

The reactivity of an atom is based on the number of electrons in its outer valance shell

The major function of DNA is to provide the genetic instructions for protein synthesis.

True

What is the classification of a solution of NaOH with a pH of 8.3?

alkaline solution

All amino acids, such as the four represented in the figure, contain __________.

an amine group and an acid group

Water is an important molecule because it __________.

can form hydrogen bonds

Which four elements comprise approximately 96% of our body weight?

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

What type of bond is formed between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and the hydrogen atom of another water molecule?

hydrogen bond

Which of the following is NOT one of the three major types of chemical reactions?

hyperbolic

The pH scale __________.

is based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

What is the most significant factor in the formation of a covalent bond?

the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms