A&P2 Ch 26: Urinary TEST review

The area in the urinary bladder that is bounded by the openings of the ureters and the entrance to the urethra is the __________.

trigone Remember that this has a prefix that means "three."

What is the urinary structure that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder?

ureter

In which of the following parts of the nephron does aldosterone control the reabsorption of sodium ions? glomerular capsule and proximal convoluted tubule distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule nephron loop and proximal convoluted tubule

distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct

Which of the following is NOT a waste product normally found in urine? ammonia urea creatinine glucose

glucose

Which of the following statements about the regulation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is FALSE? Constriction of the afferent arteriole increases the GFR. Constriction of the efferent arterioles increases the GFR. Elevation of blood pressure increases the GFR. Renin is released when the GFR is low.

Constriction of the afferent arteriole increases the GFR.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system? regulation of blood volume adaptive immunity conservation of nutrients controlling calcium levels

adaptive immunity Remember that this is a function of the immune system.

What is the term for the type of transport where two substrates cross the membrane while bound to a carrier protein, with at least one following its concentration gradient?

cotransport Remember that this is used for the reabsorption of both organic and inorganic compounds from the tubular fluid.

In which of the basic processes involved in urine formation does blood pressure force water and solutes across the wall of the glomerular capillaries? cotransport filtration secretion reabsorption

filtration Remember that this is how the process begins.

The amount of filtrate the kidneys produce each minute is the __________.

glomerular filtration rate

Which of the following is the term for the blood pressure in the capillaries of the renal corpuscle? countertransport capsular hydrostatic pressure blood colloid osmotic pressure glomerular hydrostatic pressure

glomerular hydrostatic pressure Remember that this is a pressure against the vessel walls.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of advanced age on the urinary system? problems with urinary retention in males due to enlarged prostate increase in the formation of kidney stones reduced sensitivity to ADH increase in the GFR

increase in the GFR

Which organ in the urinary system produces urine?

kidney

In which of the following areas of the nephron would countercurrent multiplication occur? nephron loop collecting duct distal convoluted tubule proximal convoluted tubule

nephron loop

Which of the following parts of the nephron has two limbs with thick segments and thin segments? collecting system nephron loop proximal convoluted tubule distal convoluted tubule

nephron loop Remember that this is also known as the "loop of Henle."

In which of the following areas of the nephron are most nutrients reabsorbed? collecting duct nephron loop distal convoluted tubule proximal convoluted tubule

proximal convoluted tubule Remember that this is just outside the glomerulus.

Which of the following brings oxygenated blood into the kidney? hepatic artery splenic artery left gastric artery renal artery

renal artery

The glomerulus and the glomerular capsule form the __________.

renal corpuscle Remember that this is where filtration happens.

Which of the following is a dense fibrous layer that anchors the kidney to surrounding structures? perinephric fat capsule renal fascia fibrous capsule parietal peritoneum

renal fascia Remember that this fuses with the deep fascia surrounding the muscles of the body wall.

In what part of the kidney are the renal pyramids located?

renal medulla

Which organ in the urinary system temporarily stores urine?

urinary bladder