Abeka 7th Grade History, Chapter 23 Review

Which side controlled the Middle East?

Allies

Contrast the state of the rest of the civilized world with that of America in the 1920s. Why did the Great Depression spread from America to the rest of the world?

America enjoyed economic prosperity and freedom. Revivals had brought a strong sense of morality to many people, and defenders of the faith stood against the false philosophies of Europe. Europe experienced bitter hatreds from World War I, failing economies, the rise of socialism, and the acceptance of false philosophies. America was the financial center of the world. If anything happened to the American economy, the entire world economy would be affected.

Neville Chamberlain

British prime minister and leading voice in Europe for peace and conciliation

V-J Day

September 2, 1945; Victory in Japan Day

Battle of Britain

London Blitz; three months of Nazi bombing on the city of London

Chiang Kai-shek

Nationalist Chinese leader

Lend-Lease Act

allowed war material to be given to England on credit

Battle of Midway

ended Japan's domination of the Pacific and turned the tide of the war

Charles Lindbergh

made the first nonstop transatlantic flight in 1927

Friedrich Nietzsche and Soren Kierkegaard

two philosophers who formulated existentialism

Hirohito

official head of Japanese government although he held no real power

kamikazes

suicide planes loaded with explosives

Third Reich

Adolf Hitler's government

Tripartite Treaty

Japan signed with Germany and Italy, joining the Axis Powers

Joseph Stalin

Communist dictator of Russia

June 6, 1944

D-Day invasion

Why was it necessary for the United States to drop the atomic bomb on Japan to end World War II?

Dropping the atomic bomb on Japan would save millions of lives. A direct U.S. invasion of Japan would cost millions of lives, but dropping an atomic bomb would cost only hundreds of thousands. Japan was persistent on not surrendering to defend their homeland; many of them would rather commit suicide then surrender. It was necessary to use the atomic bomb to end World War II.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

U.S. President who pledged himself to a "new deal" for the American people

Winston Churchill

became prime minister of Great Britain during World War II

Great Depression

began with stock market crash of 1929

Royal Air Force (RAF)

saved the Allied army at the battle of Dunkirk

Treblinka, Dachau, Auschwitz

some of the largest concentration camps

Dwight D. Eisenhower

the American general who was chosen to head up the D-Day invasion in France

Battle of Leyte Gulf

the battle where Japan lost almost all of its remaining ships and planes

Haile Selassie

the brave emperor of Ethiopia who appealed to the League of Nations for help but received none

Benito Mussolini

the fascist leader in Italy

Holocaust

the systematic slaughter of more than six million Jews and other Europeans

Charles de Gualle

under his leadership patriotic Frenchmen organized a Free French government in Britain

Douglas MacArthur

commanded by President Roosevelt to leave the Philippines

Francisco Franco

leader of revolutionary forces in Spain

blitzkrieg

lightning war

D-Day

June 6, 1944; the largest amphibious assault in history

V-E Day

May 8, 1945; Victory in Europe Day

1943

Afrika Corps surrendered to the Allies

Explain the involvement of the United States at the beginning of World War II. Why did they eventually declare war?

At the beginning of World War II, the United States declared neutrality; however, Congress allowed for war material to be given to England on credit. President Roosevelt urged Americans to help England and the Allies. American entered the war after Japan, joining the Axis Powers, bombed Pearl Harbor.

J. Gresham Machen, R.A. Torrey, Billy Sunday, Harry Rimmer

Bible-believing Christians who held to the fundamentals of the faith and did much to keep the United States from collapsing into immorality and emptiness

Erwin Rommel

German general that led the Nazis across Libya and into Egypt

Axis Power

Germany and Italy

May 1945

Germany surrendered

Hiroshima, Nagasaki

Japanese cities where the atomic bombs were dropped to end the war

December 7, 1941

Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor

Nazi-Soviet Pact

Joseph Stalin and Adolf Hitler signed this treaty, which included a secret agreement to jointly invade eastern Europe

Name three important battles that took place in the Pacific in 1942.

Midway, Guadacanal, Coral Sea

Adolf Hitler

Nazi leader in Germany

Which European nations remained neutral in World War II?

Sweden, Spain, Portugal, Switzerland, Ireland, Turkey, Iceland

Herbert Hoover

U.S. President during the Roaring Twenties and into the Great Depression

Harry S. Truman

U.S. President who made the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan

Nazism

a form of socialism that relies on terrorist aggression, fanatical racism, and antidemocratic nationalism

fascism

a form of socialism which allows people to keep their private property but takes away their freedoms

1939

beginning of World War I

Bataan Death March

death march on which more than 10,000 American soldiers died

Sigmund Freud

developed the system known as psychoanalysis

August 1945

drop of the first atomic bomb

"Roaring Twenties"

during this decade new American wealth was spent on entertainment and leisure

Battle of Coral Sea

first naval battle in history in which the enemy ships never saw each other

Bernard Montgomery

general who stopped General Rommel and secured North Africa for the Allies

New Deal

introduced the United States to socialism

Hideki Tojo

military leader in Japan who had more power than the emperor

Battle of the Bulge

the Germans' last great offensive in the West