Abeka Science 9th Grade, Chapter 12

X-Rays

what is the strange form of radiation that resembles ultraviolet rays in its effect on matter, that passes through wood, paper, and human flesh?

Fiber Optics

what is the technique of transmitting light through optical fibers?

Antinodes

what is the term for the light fringes of the pattern produced by slit diffraction?

Quantum Theory of Light

what is the theory that states that light has both a wave nature and a particle nature?

Diffraction Grating

what is the tool that scientists use to produce a spectra in the laboratory because diffraction produces a purer spectrum than refraction by a glass prism?

Scintillation

what is the twinkling of stars that is caused by refraction of light?

Concave Lens

what kind of lens curves inward, like the opening of a cave, and causes rays of light passing through it to bend outward, or diverge?

Convex Lens

what kind of lens curves outward and causes rays of light passing through it to bend inward and converge on a point?

Infrared rays

what kind of rays are just below red visible light in terms of frequency?

Mirage

what occurs when the light rays from a distant object are refracted by heated air so that the object appears to be nearby?

Polarized

what term describes a beam of light containing waves that all vibrate in the same place?

General Theory of Relativity

what theory proposed that gravity was not a mysterious force at all but a result of the geometry of space itself?

Red, green, and Blue

what three colors are often referred to as the additive primary colors?

Magenta, Cyan, and Yellow

what three colors are often referred to as the subtractive primary colors?

Radar

what uses reflected radio waves or microwaves to measure the distance and direction of faraway objects?

Optiks

what was the book that Sir Isaac Newton wrote in which he discussed the colors and properties of light?

Coherent

what word describes the light waves that are in phase and move in one direction?

Monochromatic

what word means, consisting of only one frequency?

Node

when light interferes destructively, it forms a dark fringe, which is called a...?

Theodore H. Maiman

who constructed the first laser?

James Clerk Maxwell

who demonstrated that light consists of two transverse waves oscillating at right angles to each other?

Heinrich Hertz

who demonstrated the existence of invisible electromagnetic waves?

Max Planck

who showed that the energy of any electromagnetic wave is directly related to its frequency?

Albert Einstein

who was the German Jew, who emigrated to Switzerland, who pointed out several rather interesting consequences of the constancy of the speed of light?

Microwaves

what are waves with higher frequencies and shorter wavelength than radio waves?

Black

what can be thought of as the absence of color?

White

what color can be thought of as a mixture of the colors of light?

Gamma Rays

what consists of electromagnetic waves of extremely high frequency?

Lens

what is a piece of glass or other substance that is specially designed to refract light?

Rainbow

what is a semicircular arc of colored bands of light in the sky?

Hologram

what is a three-dimensional image that is produced by laser light?

Gray

what is a weaker white light?

Electromagnetic Spectrum

what is an arrangement of all forms of electromagnetic radiation in order of frequency and wavelength?

Ultraviolet Radiation

what is electromagnetic radiation with a frequency slightly higher than that of visible light?

Lorentz Contraction

what is the apparent change in length, which results from the apparent slowdown of time?

Time Dilation

what is the apparent slowdown in time for a rapidly moving object?

Electromagnetic Wave

what is the combination of two waves that travel at right angles towards each other?

Umbra

what is the darker part of most shadows?

Laser

what is the device that generates and amplifies high energy beams of light?

Wave Theory of Light

what is the idea that says that light actually consists of waves, not particles?

Particle Theory of Light

what is the idea that says that light is a stream of tiny particles emitted by a light source?

Penumbra

what is the lighter edge surrounding the darkest part of most shadows?

Photoelectric Effect

what is the phenomenon where light above a certain frequency can knock electrons loose from atoms of certain metals?

Iridescence

what is the process in which colors are produced by interference when light is reflected?

Stimulated Emission

what is the process of photon emission by stimulation of already-excited atoms?

Visible Spectrum

what is the range of electromagnetic waves that humans perceive as having color?

Convex

if a mirror has the reflecting side on the outside of the spherical surface, then the mirror is said to be?

Concave

if the reflecting side is on the inside of the spherical surface, then the mirror is said to be?

Visible Light

what are electromagnetic waves that the human eye can perceive?

Light

what are electromagnetic waves traveling as photons?

Radio Waves

what are low-frequency electromagnetic waves that are widely used for communication?

Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared Waves, Visible Light, Ultraviolet Waves, X-Rays, and Gamma Rays

what are the seven broad categories of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, and Violet

what are the six colors that compose of the visible spectrum?

Photons

what are the tiny bundles or packets of energy that light contains?