Abnormal final

Josh has not been doing well in school since he started kindergarten (he is now in 2nd grade). He has trouble staying on task, is easily distracted, often loses his homework and leaves his coat on the school bus, doesn't finish homework assignments, doesn't pay close attention to his work, and doesn't seem like he's listening when others speak to him. Though this is primarily problematic at school, Josh also has problems at home because he fails to finish his chores and complete his homework. What's the best disorder

ADHD predominantly inattentive type

Holly was mugged 1 week ago at night. The mugger held a gun to her head and threatened to kill her while demanding that she hand over all of her money and possessions. During the mugging, Holly felt as though she was watching it all happen from outside of her body and felt very detached from herself and her surroundings. She has continued to feel like she is in a foggy dream-like state and has had trouble remembering specifics from the mugging. She becomes very upset when people attempt to speak with her about the mugging and does all she can to avoid reminders and memories of the incident. She has had trouble sleeping because she has been vigilantly monitoring her doors and windows in case the mugger tries to find her, as well as experiencing nightmares about the mugging when she does finally sleep. Holly additionally reports that she feels as though she can no longer feel happy in her life. What's the best disorder for Holly?

Acute stress disorder

Joe has rarely left his house in the past 8 months. He feels that his home is the only place he is safe, and particularly fears that if he is outside his home by himself or if he is in any sort of enclosed or crowded public place that something bad will happen to him, like having a panic attack, and he won't be able to get help. A few months ago, Joe tried to go to the grocery store because he needed milk; however, as soon as he pulled into the store parking lot he experienced incredible anxiety and had to go home. Since then, he has ordered all of his groceries and meals to be delivered, or he insists that his partner come with him if he absolutely needs to leave his house. What's the best disorder for Joe?

Agoraphobia

Pam spends a lot of time weighing herself to see if she has lost weight. She is extremely anxious about gaining weight, and sees herself as fat and ugly, even though she is significantly underweight for her age and height. Because of this, she regularly makes herself vomit after eating meals. She has felt this way and engaged in this behavior for the past 6 months. What's the best disorder for Pam?

Anorexia Nervosa

Zoe regularly exercises with the sole purpose of losing weight. She will exercise for up to 6 hours per day. She also makes sure to only eat healthy foods, though she tends to eat very little, and will often only eat once a day. She is very afraid of gaining weight, though she is now severely underweight. She continues to engage in this behavior because she believes that her thighs and butt are too fat. What's the best diagnosis for Zoe?

Anorexia nervosa

Duncan arrived at the party intoxicated. He immediately started a physical fight with one of the male guests, and when he accidentally seriously hurt a young woman at the party, he did not apologize or seem sorry. When the party host asked Duncan to pay for damages sustained to her house following the fight, Duncan refused. Assuming this is Duncan's typical and pervasive behavior, what's the best disorder for him?

Antisocial personality disorder

Vinny is a 4 year old boy who demonstrates problems with developing peer relationships and using nonverbal behaviors, such as making eye contact and appropriate facial expressions. Vinny's language is severely delayed and he knows only a few words. When he does speak, he often echoes the words that were just said to him. Vinny has deficits in his ability to spontaneously play with others, and instead is preoccupied with certain parts of objects, such as buttons, and can spend hours touching and rotating a button. He does not have any friends, and never attempts to engage others in social interaction, including his parents. He additionally becomes alarmingly upset if his routine is altered or delayed. Vinny's parents noticed very early on in his life that he had these deficits. What's the best disorder for Vinny?

Autism spectrum disorder

Amanda was invited to the party but didn't come. She tries to avoid social interactions most of the time because she is afraid that people won't like her. She spent the whole night thinking about the party and wishing she was there. At the same time, she was glad that she didn't have to spend the whole night being worried about others making fun of her or being critical towards her. Assuming this is Amanda's typical and pervasive behavior, what's the best disorder for her?

Avoidant personality disorder

Katie is a 14-year old girl. She is not afraid of gaining weight or getting fat, though she is underweight for her age and eats very little. In fact, she has lost 20 pounds over the last year, instead of gaining weight in accordance with her growth in height. Katie says that she just doesn't like to eat and doesn't like the taste and texture of most foods. When pressed to try a new food, Katie will refuse. She has largely stopped eating dinner with her family and will not go out to eat with her friends because of this. What's the best disorder for Katie?

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

Marilyn regularly eats when she feels upset. She will usually eat a bag of potato chips, several celery stalks with peanut butter, a package of cookies, and 10 candy bars. During these instances, Marilyn feels that she cannot stop herself from eating and will eat until she is uncomfortably full. She eats alone because she is embarrassed about the amount she is eating and she feels very depressed and guilty after these episodes, which have been occurring approximately 3 times a week for the past year. What's the best disorder for Marilyn?

Binge eating disorder

Jill is in the emergency room where her parents have brought her for evaluation due to their concerns about Jill's behavior over the past week, including that her mood is "weirdly positive" and very different from her typical presentation. They are worried because she is giving away all of her possessions and says she is planning to move to Seattle so she can "save the world." Her parents say that she has hardly been sleeping at all, but she seems very energetic. They say she has appeared to be "in a frenzy" lately. When Jill is interviewed she speaks very rapidly. It is hard to get her to be quiet long enough to ask questions. She seems agitated, and has difficulty sitting still. The doctors make the decision to hospitalize Jill to prevent harm to herself. What's the best disorder for Jill?

Bipolar 1

Over the past year, Sally has experienced what she considers multiple "mood swings." There have been 4 periods of time when Sally has felt sad and wanted to be alone for a few weeks. During these periods, Sally stayed home and didn't want to do any of the things she usually enjoyed, instead spending her days sleeping. She did not eat much and she frequently had thoughts about not wanting to be alive anymore. On two other occasions though (each lasting about 1 week), Sally felt great. She reported that she had a lot of energy, was able to get a lot of work done, and did not need much sleep. She reported that she went on several shopping sprees during those weeks, though she was never hospitalized during any of these episodes and liked the way that she felt. What's the best disorder for Sally?

Bipolar II

Patty spends an inordinate amount of time staring at her nose in the mirror. She is convinced that it is extremely ugly and much larger than it should be. She constantly applies makeup to it to make it look "prettier" and "smaller". Recently, she decided to get plastic surgery to decrease it in size. However, following the surgery she still felt it was too large, and even uglier than it had been previously. Patty is so distressed about her nose that she hardly leaves her house and cannot stand to have anyone look at her. What's the best disorder for Patty?

Body dysmorphic disorder

Sherry paraded into the party drunk and continued to drink throughout the night. Laughing and giggling, she flirted with many of the men and to two of them expressed her "deep affection." Three times during the evening she disappeared for almost half an hour, each time with a different man. After a violent argument with one of them, because he took "too long" to get her a drink, she locked herself into the bathroom and attempted to swallow a bottle of aspirin. Other guests encouraged her to go home, but she implored them not to leave her, stating she was afraid to be alone in her apartment. Assuming this is Sherry's typical and pervasive behavior, what's the best disorder for her?

Borderline personality disorder

Two weeks ago, Stuart started telling everyone that he was the King of Scotland. When others showed him evidence that he was not in fact a king, Stuart demanded that they be exiled for asserting such a ridiculous statement. However, after 1 week, Stuart no longer believed that he was a king and his life returned back to the way it used to be, with no lasting impairments. What's the best disorder for Stuart

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Lauri believes that she is overweight, even though she is not; she is average weight. She believes that she is not a good person unless she is thin and beautiful. Lauri attempts to restrict her food intake, though she will often engage in binge eating. To make up for the calories that she just ate, Lauri will often fast, sometimes for more than a day. She has never vomited after eating. This occurs approximately twice a week. What's the best diagnosis for Lauri?

Bulimia nervosa

Stephanie believes that she needs to lose weight. Even though she is well within the guidelines for a healthy weight for her age and height, she thinks of herself as a loser because she is not as thin as most of the women on tv. She frequently attempts to diet, but finds that she will end up eating a substantial amount of junk food a few times per week. During these times, Stephanie feels as though she cannot stop herself and will continue eating until there is no more food left. Stephanie usually feels anxious about gaining weight afterwards, so she will make herself vomit. This has been occurring approximately 2 times per week for the last several months. What's the best disorder for Stephanie?

Bulimia nervosa

Over the past year, Michael (age 12) has gotten into trouble with his parents and with his school on several occasions. He has even been taken to the police station on one occasion, approximately 3 months ago. Michael has been very aggressive towards other people, often threatening others and even attempting to stab a student with a knife. Michael has been physically cruel to animals as well, and he has destroyed his friends' belongings purposely. What's the best disorder for Michael?

Conduct disorder

Charlie started seeing a therapist because he wanted to learn how to better manage his mood. Since he started college 3 years ago, he hasn't felt like himself. He states that he either feels flat, dull, and sad, or that he feels hyper and silly. He can't remember the last time that he felt "normal," and more distressing, his moods switch so rapidly that he feels like he never experiences the same mood for more than 2-3 days at a time. Charlie has had trouble at both school and work, because when he is feeling sad he has trouble making it to meetings on time and does not feel like putting forth effort or energy to engage with friends or family. When he is feeling hyper, he tends to blow off his commitments to do other activities, which often lead to undesirable consequences (e.g., contracting an STD from unprotected sex). Charlie has never been hospitalized for his symptoms. What's the best disorder for Charlie?

Cyclothymic disorder

Over the last 6 months, Gary has noticed that it has become much more difficult and takes much longer for him to have an orgasm. He has been married for 20 years, but still asserts that he is attracted to his wife. Whenever they have sex now, it is usual that he will not even experience an orgasm, as he and his wife will typically end their sexual activity after about 30 minutes. A few weeks ago, he was able to ejaculate after about 45 minutes after initiating sex, but his wife is usually too tired to maintain sexual activity for that long. This is severely distressing for Gary. What's the best disorder for Gary?

Delayed Ejaculation

Janie is convinced that her spouse has been cheating on her, even though her husband has denied it on several occasions. For the past 3 months, she has looked through her husband's cell phone records, emails, and bank statements on a daily basis, and although she has not found any evidence of an affair, she is completely sure that her husband has been unfaithful. Janie does not experience any other symptoms or exhibit any other odd behavior. What's the best disorder for Janie?

Delusional Disorder

Tamara was invited to the party but ultimately ended up not going. When Tamara got the invitation, she repeatedly asked her friend Lisa if she should go to the party, what she should wear, and if she should bring anything. When Lisa wasn't able to make it to the party at the last minute because she had to clean her house in preparation for her parents' unplanned visit, Tamara decided not to attend the party either. This was both because she didn't think she would know what to do at the party without Lisa there, and because she didn't want Lisa to be upset that she got to go to the party and Lisa didn't. When Lisa asked Tamara to help clean her house, Tamara agreed and ended up doing most of the cleaning. Assuming this is Tamara's typical and pervasive behavior, that's the best disorder for her?

Dependent personality disorder

Kenny began therapy because he was worried that he might be losing his grip on reality. For the past 2 years he has experienced frequent episodes of feeling "outside" himself. These episodes are accompanied by a sense of deadness in his body. However, Kenny realizes that he is not actually dead, though these feelings are extremely distressing. During these periods, he is uncertain of his balance and will frequently stumble into furniture. He has stopped driving because he is worried that this will happen while he is driving and will cause an accident. What's the best disorder for Kenny?

Depersonalization/ derealization disorder

Amanda has recently realized that there are periods during the day that she has no memory of, and cannot account for what she was doing during that time. Often, people she does not know will stop her and say hi or bring up something that she apparently did, but has no memory of doing. One day, a stranger referred to her as Ashley. Amanda began seeing a therapist, who determined that Amanda had been switching between different identity states, including Ashley and a child named Nicole. What's the best disorder for Amanda?

Disassociatve identity disorder

Angie spent the first year and a half of her life in an orphanage in another country. The orphanage was overcrowded and Angie rarely received any attention or interaction with adults. She was adopted at 1.5 years old and did not know any language at the time. Now, at age 5, Angie is doing much better in terms of language, but still demonstrates some odd behavior. Her parents are concerned because she seems to be overly trusting of any adult, even within mere seconds of meeting them. She is quick to sit in adults' laps, give them a hug, and tell them she loves them. Angie's parents are afraid that Angie will not recognize if she is being taken advantage of by others, and they are also concerned about the possibility of kidnapping or other harm befalling Angie. What's the best disorder for Angie?

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

Cory is a 13-year old boy. His parents describe him as being frequently irritable and angry. They say that he has been like this for the past several years, and his teachers have described him in this manner as well. However, his mood and behavior appear to be more severe at home, where he will frequently suddenly become excessively angry and physically destructive. These outbursts will typically occur when Cory is unhappy about trivial manners, such as the family's movie selection on movie night. During these outbursts, Cory will kick and hit his sister and scream at his parents. This occurs frequently, approximately 4 times per week. What's the best disorder for Cory?

Disruptive mood disregulation Disorder

Danny was driving his car when a semi-truck hit him and put his daughter into a coma. Danny spent the next few days at the hospital, until his daughter finally woke up several days later. Upon returning home with his daughter, Danny realized that he has absolutely no memory of anything that had happened over the past few days. His last memory was getting into the car on the day that his accident happened. What's the best disorder for Danny?

Dissociative amnesia

Judy's husband recently told her that he wanted a divorce. The next day, Judy seemingly disappeared. Two months later, Judy's husband ran into her at a restaurant a few towns over. When Judy's husband tried to speak with her, she claimed she did not know him, nor did she know anyone named Judy. She claimed her name was Trisha. A friend backed up her assertion, saying that Trisha had recently moved to town about 2 months ago. What's the best disorder for Judy?

Dissociative amnesia with fugue

Oliver is 5 years old. For the past 6 months, he has been pooping in his pants while in school. This occurs approximately once a week. What's the best disorder for Oliver?

Encopresis

A few times per week, Sadie (age 5) urinates in her bed while sleeping. This causes Sadie distress, as she is embarrassed and fears that her parents will be angry at her. However, she doesn't wake up until after it has happened and is unable to control it. What's the best disorder for Sadie?

Enuresis

Brian is 55 years old. He has been happily married for many years but has recently found that he is unable to achieve an erection as easily as he used to. At times, he can quickly obtain an erection, but it only lasts for a few minutes and he is unable to complete sexual activity. At other times, he cannot obtain an erection at all. This has been happening for the past 6 months and Brian is significantly distressed by this. What's the best disorder for Brian?

Erectile Disorder

Jamie repeatedly picks at his skin, to the extent that his skin will start bleeding. When scabs form, Jamie frequently will pick them off as well, resulting in continuous scabbing on his arms and legs. Jamie has realized that doing this behavior upsets others, and has tried to stop, but finds that the urge to pick at his skin is too great. Because of this, Jamie has very few friends. What's the best disorder for Jamie?

Excoriation Disorder

During the past 2 years, every weekend Ernie hides behind a tree, building, or car, waiting for an attractive young woman to pass by him. As he sees one approach, he steps out from his hiding place and he exposes his penis to her. He flees the scene afterwards and masturbates when he is alone. Ernie is not at all distressed by this behavior. What's the best disorder for Ernie?

Exhibitionistic Disorder

Lisa has been treated by various medical providers at least 12 times in the past month. Lisa has been to the hospital complaining of rashes, vomiting, extreme fatigue, and respiratory discomfort, among other symptoms. Lisa has been purposely taking the wrong medication and exposing herself to dangerous toxins because she enjoys the attention she receives from the medical staff. What's the best disorder for Lisa?

Factitious disorder

Sabrina has been bringing her daughter to the ER weekly for the past two months, each time for a different ailment. The doctors have never been able to find a medical explanation for her daughter's symptoms, and have become suspicious that Sabrina may be harming her daughter. One afternoon after the doctor checked on Sabrina's daughter and pronounced her to be fine, Sabrina began smothering her daughter after the doctor left to produce respiratory distress. Luckily, the doctor saw Sabrina do this, and stopped her before she could hurt her daughter. Sabrina has no obvious reason to harm her daughter and is not doing so for any form of compensation or tangible incentive. What's the best disorder for Sabrina?

Factitious disorder by proxy

When Meg became sexually active in college, she felt that she was probably missing something, since she did not feel "rockets going off" as she had imagined. She did not experience an orgasm during her first sexual encounter, nor during any of her other sexual experiences in college. When she fell in love with her partner after college, she hoped things would be different; however, Meg still has not had an orgasm during sex. Both Meg and her partner are upset by this. What's the best disorder for Meg?

Female Orgasmic Disorder

After giving birth, Carol says that she has no time or energy for sex with her husband. In fact, they have not been sexually intimate for 8 months. Carol never thinks about sex and when her husband mentions it she always says that she's not in the mood. Carol can't imagine ever being sexual again. On the very few times when she has given in to her husband's attempts to engage in sexual activity, she is unable to become sufficiently lubricated and does not experience any pleasure during sex. She is saddened by the effect that this change has had on her marriage, as she believes her husband may now be having an affair. What's the best disorder for Carol?

Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder

For several years, Wylie has been unable to become sexually aroused unless he has access to lace underwear. Every day, he masturbates while caressing a pair of women's lace underwear. He has tried to masturbate without the underwear, but he cannot become aroused. When he has sex with a woman, he insists that she wear lace. Wylie is not distressed about this behavior, but it has interfered with his ability to maintain relationships with women. What's the best disorder for Wylie?

Fetishistic Disorder

Bruce frequently rides crowded subways where he becomes sexually stimulated by rubbing his penis up against unsuspecting women. He engages in this behavior several times per day and is often able to take advantage of women without their comprehending what he is doing. Bruce is not distressed by this. What's the best disorder for Bruce?

Frotteuristic Disorder

Sam witnessed a horrible murder 2 weeks ago. Ever since, Sam has reported that he is not able to see anymore - that he has essentially gone blind. Medical reports do not show any dysfunction in his visual system, and in fact at times Sam is able to walk around without bumping into things. Strangely, Sam does not seem bothered by his blindness, though he has not been able to work since this deficit began. What's the best disorder for Sam?

Functional numerological symptom disorder

Shelly is a 5 year old female. She frequently states that she wants to be a boy and tends to play only with other boys. She likes to play pretend games such as Cowboys and Indians and play with army dolls rather than Barbie dolls. She also prefers to play with the boys in her kindergarten class instead of the girls. She screams whenever her mother tries to dress her in dresses or skirts and will only wear pants. Shelly asserts that she will one day grow a penis and become a boy. These behaviors have lasted for the last year and result in Shelly getting bullied and made fun of at school. What's the best disorder for Shelly?

Gender Dysphoria

Amy is a worrier. She worries that she worries so much and isn't always sure what it is that she is worried about. She can't let her husband or children leave the house without making them call her regularly to reassure her that they are ok. She also frequently checks the news to get updated on the weather, the current political climate, and the stock market, among other things that she worries about. Her husband and children are growing weary of her fretting, as this has been occurring for several years. Their impatience with her only makes her worry more. Though Amy feels that her marriage is slowly dissolving, she is completely unable to control her worry. As a result of her constant worrying, she is also restless, irritable, and has difficulty concentrating. What's the best disorder for Amy?

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Trisha has experienced severe pain during sex for the past several years. It feels as though the muscles in her vagina spasm and tighten up upon penetration, causing so much pain that she needs to stop. Trisha is afraid that she will never be able to have a lasting relationship because of this. What's the best disorder for Trisha?

Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder

Donna danced into the party and immediately became the center of attention. With sweeping gestures of her arms and dramatic displays of emotion, she boasted about her career as an actress in a local theater group. During a private conversation, a friend inquired about the rumors that she was having some difficulties in her marriage. In an outburst of anger, she denied any problems and claimed that her marriage was "as wonderful and charming as ever." Shortly thereafter, while drinking her second martini, she fainted and had to be taken home. Assuming this is Donna's typical and pervasive behavior, what is the best disorder for her

Histrionic personality disorder

Lily's husband recently moved out because he said that he cannot continue to live in a house where he can't even walk to the kitchen without having to step over piles of what he considers "garbage," such as old mail, magazines, clothes, and toys. However, Lily is completely unable to throw away these items. She explains that perhaps one day she will need them, so it is necessary for her to keep them. Lily's husband tried to clean out one of the rooms in their house one day while Lily was out; when Lily came home, she was so distressed that she went out to the dumpster and spent 3 hours re-collecting all of her belongings and bringing them back to her house. What's the best disorder for Lily?

Hoarding Disorder

Zach has been extremely concerned over the past year that he has stomach cancer. He frequently examines his abdomen for lumps, and has been increasingly aware of the sounds and sensations emanating from his stomach. He has seen several doctors about his concerns, but none of them can find any signs of cancer. He checks his stool daily for blood and has received several x-rays of his abdomen area, all of which have produced negative results. Nevertheless, Zach remains exceptionally worried that he is dying of cancer. What's the best disorder for Zach?

Illness anxiety disorder

Early in childhood, Dustin's parents recognized that his speech and motor development was delayed compared to most kids. He has substantial trouble dressing himself, he cannot tie his shoes, he cannot effectively communicate his needs to others, and his parents are concerned that he will get hurt if not in a fenced-in yard because he is likely to run into the street without a second thought. When he entered kindergarten, his teacher noticed this as well. After a cognitive assessment, she informed Dustin's parents that he has an IQ of 60. What's the best disorder for Dustin?

Intelectual disability

Manny sees a therapist following a suicide attempt. During the interview he is very sad and tearful. He speaks slowly and looks down at the ground as he speaks. He reports difficulty falling and staying asleep for the past month. Manny states that he hasn't had much of an appetite and has lost 15 pounds. He reports that things he used to like just don't seem enjoyable anymore, and he thinks that life is not worth living. Manny doesn't expect things to improve in the future, which is why he tried to kill himself.

Major depressive disorder

Sebastian is a 35-year-old male. He is married and loves his wife, but reports that he does not have any desire to engage in sexual activity. He never fantasizes about sex, and frequently pretends to be sleeping or not feeling well if his wife wants to have sex. This is distressing to Sebastian, as he knows that it is interfering with his marriage. What's the best disorder for Sebastian?

Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

Winston spent most of the time talking about his trip to Europe, his new Mercedes, and his favorite French restaurants. People seemed bored being around him, but he kept right on talking. When he made a critical remark about how one of the woman was dressed - and hurt her feelings - he could not apologize for his obvious blunder. He tried to talk his way around it, and even seemed to be blaming her for being upset. Assuming this is Winston's typical and pervasive behavior, what's the best disorder for him?

Narcissistic personality disorder

Lennox was assaulted by her partner, during which she feared she would be seriously injured. This occurred three months ago. Immediately following the assault, Lennox left her partner and tried to forget about the assault. She was doing well until she began suddenly experiencing intense anxiety two weeks ago. She started having nightmares about the assault, as well as vivid memories of the assault while awake. She has been trying to stop these memories from occurring, though she has been unsuccessful. She feels nervous and on edge all the time, and startles at the slightest noise. Combined with the nightmares, this has resulted in her having a lot of difficulty sleeping. Though she has continued to go to work during this time, during the last two weeks she has canceled on her typical coffee dates with friends and is spending very little time socializing. She feels ashamed and embarrassed about having been assaulted, and is now convinced that she is to blame for the assault occurring. What is the best disorder for Lennox?

No Disorder

A little over 1 month ago, Jennifer was walking through her local shopping mall when she began to experience sensations of choking, smothering, and a sudden sense that the people and stores around her were unreal. She began to fear that she was going crazy, and the more she worried about this the more anxious she became. A few minutes later the symptoms began to subside. In the following month there were two other times when she unexpectedly felt these symptoms. During this time, she was constantly worried about experiencing them again. Jennifer was finally forced to tell her husband about this because she was so fearful of not being able to get help if these symptoms occurred that she would not leave her house alone or travel on public transportation. What's the best disorder for Jennifer?

No disorder

Betty and her husband Barney often engage in role-play during sex. Over the past year, they have frequently engaged in role-play where Barney is a stranger who rapes Betty. Barney will verbally abuse Betty, tie her up, and slap her. Betty used to enjoy these role plays, but they have become a little too physically violent for her. She told Barney that she didn't want to do this anymore, but Barney continues to engage in this behavior because it sexually arouses him. Betty has been frequently attempting to avoid sex now for the past 6 months. What is the best disorder for Betty at this time?

No disorder

Katie has been feeling very sad since her husband died 1 month ago. She has eaten very little, has difficulty sleeping, feels very fatigued, and her speech and movements are noticeably slower to others. She is weepy most of the time. Katie is preoccupied with thoughts of her dead husband and does not want to do much other than thinking about him. She feels empty and lonely all of the time, though her self-esteem and self-worth are intact. She has declined all invitations by friends and spends most of her time alone. What's the best disorder for Katie?

No disorder

Vivian was in a car accident two weeks ago. Her car was totaled, but physically she was not seriously injured. However, she is claiming that she has been experiencing severe back and neck pain since the accident, and has gone to the doctor and the emergency room three times since the accident. Vivian explains that she was in an accident and reports debilitating acute pain, asking for opioid medications. Vivian plans to continue claiming pain from the accident for as long as she can continue getting opioid drugs. What's the best disorder for Vivian?

No disorder

Naomi is very afraid of clowns. When she sees a clown, she is likely to have a panic attack. Naomi purposely avoids going to circuses or other events in which a clown might be present. However, Naomi lives in a small town in which there has never been a circus, and hardly ever has the opportunity to encounter clowns. Her fear does not significantly interfere with her functioning and she is not distressed by having this fear. What's the best disorder for Naomi?

No disorders

Jeff is very concerned about cleanliness and hygiene. He experiences very distressing thoughts that he is going to get sick from touching something dirty and die. Therefore, he spends a significant amount of time each day (~4 hours) washing his hands or showering, especially after he touches a toilet seat, doorknob, or any other item he thinks may be dirty or contaminated. The patient explains that he is concerned about becoming infected or sick from touching these objects, which causes him significant distress. He periodically acknowledges that the washing is excessive but explains that he becomes very anxious when he tries to avoid washing and eventually feels compelled to wash even more to make up for the omission. What's the best disorder for Jeff?

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Peter arrived at the party exactly on time. He made a point of speaking to every guest for five minutes. He talked mostly about technology and finance, and avoided any inquiries about his feelings or personal life. He left precisely at 10 PM because he had work to do at home. However, once he got home, he spent all night searching for the to-do list he had made earlier instead of doing any work. He didn't want to remake the list because he already spent 3 hours on it prior, and he knew that a second attempt wouldn't be as accurate and complete as the first one. Assuming this is Peter's typical and pervasive behavior, what's the best disorder for him?

Obsessive compulsive personality disorder

During the last school year, Ryan has been exceptionally argumentative and hostile towards his teachers and parents. Specifically, he often argues with adults, deliberately annoys others, blames others for his mistakes, and constantly loses his temper. These symptoms occur at least once a week and have caused him many problems at his middle school, including being suspended. What's the best disorder for Ryan?

Oppositional defiant disorder

Trevor is 5 years old. For the past 6 months, he has been frequently trying to eat objects such as pencils and chapstick. Trevor's mother has to constantly watch him to ensure that he is not eating items other than food. What's the best disorder for Trevor?

PICA

Tom was driving through an intersection when another car ran through a red traffic light and hit him. He was trapped in the car until a fire department rescue team freed him. Tom was bruised but not seriously hurt. A few days later he began having recurrent distressing thoughts and images of the accident. These symptoms lasted for several weeks. The memory of his screams after the car was struck seemed particularly vivid. On the other hand, Tom realized that there was some information related to the accident that he could not remember, such as whether the traffic light was red or green when he approached it. Tom began feeling persistently angry, and he became irritable, had difficulty concentrating, and avoided talking about the accident. He went out of his way to avoid driving down the street where the accident occurred. Tom finally decided to seek treatment for his symptoms after experiencing them for 4 months. What's the best diagnosis for Tom?

PTSD

Before entering, Doreen watched the party for several minutes from outside through the window. Once she went in, she seemed very uncomfortable. When people tried to be nice to her, she looked guarded and distrustful. People quickly became uncomfortable with her habit of finding fault with every little thing they said or did. She seemed to be picking fights with people. She didn't stay very long at the party. Assuming this is Doreen's typical and pervasive behavior, what's the best disorder for her?

Paranoid personality disorder

Kirk is 30 years old. Over the last year, Kirk has recurrent fantasies about engaging in sexual acts with young girls. He often thinks about his 8-year old stepdaughter and has envisioned himself going into her room at night to touch her. He has never acted on these urges, though Kirk is distressed by them and is afraid that he will give into his urges one day and ruin his marriage. What's the best disorder for Kirk?

Pedophilic Disorder

Phillip is a 42 year old male. His friends have urged him to seek counseling because they know that he is unhappy. Phillip says that he doesn't think about it much, but he supposes that he has probably been pretty unhappy since his divorce 6 years ago. He says that he just doesn't get much enjoyment out of life, he thinks he's stupid and a failure, and that he feels hopeless because things always seem to go wrong for him. He denies that he has problems eating or sleeping. He denies having thoughts of suicide. What's the best disorder for Phillip?

Persistent depressive disorder

Several times per day, Brandon has the urge to scrunch up his nose. He feels as though he needs to engage in this behavior and if he doesn't he feels very anxious. At times, people tell Brandon that he is scrunching his nose, though he hasn't realized he has done it. This behavior started approximately 2 years ago when he was 6. What's the best disorder for Brandon?

Persistent motor tic disorder

Jeremy feels that he is unable to control his orgasms. He has been married for 1 year and typically has sex with his wife once per week. Following penetration, Jeremy typically has an orgasm within the next 30 seconds. Jeremy is worried because he believes that his wife is upset because sex typically ends before his wife is able to have an orgasm. This has been an issue for the majority of Jeremy's relationship with his wife. What's the best disorder for Jeremy?

Premature Ejaculation

Over the past 2 years, Michelle has reported frequently experiencing many unpleasant and distressing mood symptoms. She reports experiencing extreme irritability and depressed mood, along with low energy, trouble sleeping, increased appetite, and uncomfortable physical symptoms such as bloating and weight gain. She has noticed that these symptoms always come on at the same time each month, about 1 week before she expects her menstrual period, and they ease up and eventually go away as her cycle progresses, until the next month. What's the best disorder for Michelle?

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Throughout the day, Evelyn (age 8) makes several noises that she experiences as uncontrollable. For example, she will squeak, whistle, and hum at times when it is inappropriate to do so, but she says that she cannot control herself. She also frequently snaps her fingers and repeatedly shrugs her shoulders, which she also experiences as uncontrollable. These symptoms have been occurring for the last 10 months. What's the best disorder for Evelyn?

Provisional tic disorder

Justin's parents feel that he has not yet developed a close and secure relationship with them. At 4 years old, Justin never seeks out his parents when he is feeling upset or distressed, and in fact sometimes seems afraid of his father when he tries to hug Justin. When Justin's parents attempt to engage him in play or smile at him, Justin appears to ignore them and does not reciprocate the behaviors or emotions. Though Justin's parents are distraught by this, they are hopeful that with time, Justin will become affectionate toward him. They have only legally been Justin's parents for the past 2 years. Prior to that, he was in and out of foster homes since his birth. Justin's parents were told that prior to being adopted by them, he had lived with 8 different families. What's the best diagnosis for Justin?

Reactive Attachment Disorder

Amanda frequently vomits up her food back into her mouth shortly after swallowing it. After doing this, she will chew her food again before re-swallowing it. This has concerned Amanda's parents, because she never used to do this prior to the past 2 months. What's the best disorder for Amanda?

Rumination disorder

Elissa believes that a chip was implanted in her brain by aliens to record her thoughts. Even following medical tests that show Elissa that nothing is in her brain, she insists that it is true. She has had this belief for several years now and she is unable to work or socialize much because she is suspicious that everyone can hear her thoughts, and she can be difficult to communicate with due to her unusual use of words and loose associations. In addition to this, Elissa feels sad and depressed most of the time. She doesn't have much energy, she feels worthless, and has little appetite or interest in most activities. Elissa says that she feels this way most of the time. Her mood did improve recently for a few weeks; however, she currently reports feeling depressed again. Her beliefs about aliens and her disorganized speech have persisted throughout this time. What's the best disorder for Elissa?

Schizoaffective Disorder

Harold lives next door to the party host. Harold wasn't invited to the party, but he was not upset by this, despite that he knew a party was being held. In fact, Harold rarely experiences much emotion (positive or negative) at all. No one really knows him very well because he rarely talks to other people and goes out of his way to avoid other people. He prefers to spend his time at home alone, which is what he did on the night of the party. Assuming this is Harold's typical and pervasive behavior, what's the best disorder for him?

Schizoid personality disorder

During the past month, Alex was hospitalized because his mother was concerned that he would harm his little brother. Alex stated that he heard the voice of the devil telling him to kill his brother before his brother killed him. Alex also believes that the devil will kill him if he doesn't do what the devil wants. One day, the devil demanded that Alex grab a kitchen knife and stab his brother. Luckily, Alex's mother caught him before he could do any harm. Alex has heard the devil's voice for the past 6 months, but it has gotten worse recently. He has not been able to go to work or school and spends his days by himself in his room. What's the best disorder for Alex?

Schizophrenia

For the past 3 days, Hyde has barely moved at all. He sits motionless in a chair and resists all attempts to move him or engage him in conversation. Additionally, for the past month, Hyde has behaved very unusually by dressing in odd outfits, speaking in nonsensical words, and alternating between pacing aimlessly around his house and remaining still and rigid. Hyde has always appeared "odd" to others. For the past few years, he barely shows emotion when he speaks to others, he prefers to be alone, and he has not shown much interest in doing anything except for watching tv. What's the best disorder for Hyde?

Schizophrenia

Two years ago, Dick was hospitalized because he was sure that his skin was rotting. He claimed that he could smell it and that he was being punished by God for his sins. During this time, he stopped eating and taking care of himself because he was sure that he was going to die anyway. These symptoms lasted for approximately 4 months. Following a brief treatment, Dick no longer believed or smelled that his skin was rotting and he was able to return to work and regain contact with his friends and family. What's the best disorder for Dick?

Schizophreniform Disorder

William wandered into the party, but didn't stay long. The "negative forces" in the room were unsettling to his "psychic soul-spot." The few guests he spoke to felt somewhat uneasy being with this aloof, oddly dressed man. At the same time, William felt very apprehensive around the others present at the party, and left without saying goodbye to anyone, mumbling quietly to himself about the other guests instead. Assuming this is William's typical and pervasive behavior, what is the best disorder for him?

Schizotypal personality disorder

Amanda becomes very tearful and anxious when she is left with people other than her parents, including her teacher, grandparents, and babysitter. She often refuses to go to school or to her grandparents' house because she says she is concerned her parents won't come back. She is unable to go to sleep at night unless one of her parents stays in bed with her. This has been going on for the last 2 months. What's the best disorder for Amanda?

Separation anxiety disorder

Betty and her husband Barney often engage in role-play during sex. Over the past year, they have frequently engaged in role-play where Barney is a stranger who rapes Betty. Barney will verbally abuse Betty, tie her up, and slap her. Betty used to enjoy these role plays, but they have become a little too physically violent for her. She told Barney that she didn't want to do this anymore, but Barney continues to engage in this behavior because it sexually arouses him. Betty has been frequently attempting to avoid sex now for the past 6 months. What is the best disorder for Barney at this time?

Sexual Sadism

Sandra was promoted at her company about 9 months ago. Her new duties at work require her to make periodic formal presentations to the senior management of the company. However, she becomes intensely anxious at the thought of speaking in front of others. When she is forced to give a presentation, she begins to feel anxious days in advance of the talk and the anxiety increases as the time for the talk approaches. She is concerned that her anxiety will become noticeable during the talk or that she will do something to embarrass herself, making others think negatively of her. She is considering quitting her job in order to avoid having to make these presentations. What's the best disorder for Sandra?

Social anxiety disorder

Tina describes herself as nervous since childhood and as having been continuously sickly beginning in her youth. She experiences chest pain and states that she has a "nervous" heart. She sees physicians frequently (at least once per week) for abdominal pain, backaches, pains in her extremities, and a feeling of anesthesia in her fingertips. She was recently admitted to a hospital following complaints of abdominal and chest pain and of vomiting, during which admission she received a hysterectomy. Following the surgery she has been troubled by anxiety, fainting, vomiting, food intolerance and weakness and fatigue. Physical examinations reveal completely negative findings, though Tina remains extremely distressed by these symptoms. What's the best disorder for Tina?

Somatic symptom disorder

Hannah was in a major car accident 5 years ago during a cross country trip. Ever since, she has been unable to drive on major highways without becoming extremely anxious. Although she does drive, she goes to great lengths to travel only on back roads and scenic routes. It often takes her much longer than it should to go places, and frequently makes her late for appointments. Hannah realizes that her fear is unreasonable and is interfering with her life, but she can't help it. What's the best disorder for Hannah?

Specific phobia

Tony has had an intense fear of needles since he was a child. He tries to rationalize his fear by explaining that he is just being cautious and protecting himself from AIDS. He realizes that his fear is irrational but he is unable to control it. Tony has fainted twice in the past when his blood was drawn during a physical examination. He becomes extremely anxious at the sight of a needle and worries for days before an appointment with his physician or dentist. He actually hasn't been to any medical or dental provider in over 3 years because of his anxiety. What's the best disorder for Tony?

Specific phobia

Tammy has persistent involuntary body movements, such as involuntary shoulder shrugs and eye twitches. In addition, Tammy makes involuntary verbal sounds, including shouting obscene words. These involuntary behaviors occur nearly every day and began when Tammy was 8. She is currently 10. What's the best disorder for Tammy?

Tourette's syndrome

In the evenings after his wife leaves for work, Phil goes into his basement to retrieve his hidden stash of women's clothes, including underwear, stockings, high heels, makeup, a wig, and dresses. Phil dresses in these clothes and fantasizes that he is being pursued by several men. Though he limits this behavior to the evenings, he frequently thinks about it during the day, which has interfered with his job for the past several months. Phil does not have any desire to leave his wife and does not consider himself gay; however, this fantasy of his is highly arousing, even more so than watching his wife undress. What's the best disorder for Phil?

Transvestic Disorder

For the past 6 months, Meredith has been secretly pulling out strands of her hair. At first it was not noticeable, but now there is about a 1 inch patch of hair loss on the back of her head. She has tried to stop pulling her hair; however, recently her urges have gotten worse, and she has started picking out the hairs in her eyebrows and on her forearm. She will pick the hair out of her forearm when she experiences the tension and urge to pick when she is in a public place, because she is more easily able to hide that behavior. She is embarrassed about her hair loss and experiences much distress related to it. What's the best disorder for Meredith?

Trichotillomania

Edward is a 19 year old student who lives in a dorm on campus. On most evenings, he sneaks around in the bushes, looking for a good vantage point from which to gaze into the windows of female students. Using binoculars, he is usually able to find at least one room in which a woman is undressing. Edward will masturbate while watching her. He does not see anything wrong with this behavior, and he is not distressed by it. What's the best disorder for Edward?

Voyeuristic Disorder