Abnormal Psych Chapter 10
10.1.7. According to the National Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, at any point in time ___ percent of high school females are attempting to lose weight, as compared with ___ percent of males.
a. 44 / 15
10.1.22. A film producer wants to make a movie describing several cases of young women who have been diagnosed as suffering from anorexia nervosa. He is especially interested in exploring some of the psychological dynamics related to the disorder. Which of the following titles might be the best choice for the film?
a. A Struggle for Control: Anorexia Nervosa
10.1.48. What have epidemiologists found concerning the frequency of eating disorders?
a. Bulimia nervosa is more common than anorexia nervosa.
10.1.82. __________ is a form of treatment that does not address eating disorders directly and was actually used as the placebo treatment in several early studies. Still, this form of treatment has been found to be more effective after 12 months than therapies that are directed at eating disorders.
a. Interpersonal therapy
10.1.28. What types of food are individuals with bulimia nervosa most likely to consume during an episode of binge eating? b. foods they do not ordinarily eat Answer b. 10.1.29. Assume that each of the following individuals has a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa. Which one of them is most likely to engage in an episode of binge eating at this point?
a. Penelope, who is upset over failing two exams and just had an argument with her parents
10.1.62. An expert on eating disorders describes those with such disorders as "lacking interoceptive awareness." Which of the following characterizes this lack?
a. People with eating disorders do not recognize internal cues, including emotional states and hunger.
10.1.40. Ann has the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, the restricting type. What does this diagnosis mean to the team of professionals that is going to treat her?
a. She rarely engages in bingeing or purging.
10.1.23. Janice suffers from anorexia and is extremely careful about how much she eats. How does she probably feel about this?
a. She takes great pride in her control and self-denial.
10.1.83. How do long-term outcomes for the treatment of anorexia nervosa compare to long-term outcomes for the treatment of bulimia nervosa?
a. The long-term success is greater for bulimia nervosa.
10.1.43. Which is most accurate with regard to why the purging and nonpurging subtypes of bulimia nervosa were removed from DSM-5?
a. They were not supported by the research.
10.1.49. Which of the following is a reason frequently given by scientists to explain the much higher rate of eating disorders among females?
a. Women are much more likely than men to base self-image on body image.
10.1.42. Which of the following diagnoses is new to the DSM-5?
a. binge-eating disorder
10.1.36. Which psychological problem often occurs with bulimia nervosa?
a. depression
10.1.85. A __________ study is a research study in which neither the patient nor the therapist knows if the patient is receiving the treatment in question or the placebo.
a. double blind
10.1.38. Janet is making her annual visit to the dentist. As he is examining her mouth, she senses some concern. She asks if he has found cavities, and he says no. He finally comes right out and asks if she has bulimia. What clue suggested this possible diagnosis?
a. eroded dental enamel
10.1.74. What is the first goal of the treatment of anorexia nervosa?
a. gaining at least a minimal amount of weight
10.1.16. One early study found that young women with anorexia nervosa ____________ the size of various body parts in comparison to a normal control group.
a. overestimate
10.1.21. Priya's physician is distressed by her anorexia nervosa. Her weight loss is bad enough, but her medical tests show clear signs of an electrolyte imbalance. What is the physician's major concern?
a. possible cardiac problems
10.1.39. Seiko suffers from an eating disorder characterized by frequent binges. We can be reasonably certain that she
a. suffers from bulimia nervosa.
10.1.70. A weight level the body seems to defend by adjusting its rate of energy use is called the
a. weight set point.
10.1.64. An expert on eating disorders is giving a talk about the relationship between eating disorders and depression. Which of the following would be an appropriate title for this talk?
b. "Depression: Both Cause and Effect"
10.1.15. About _____ percent of people with anorexia nervosa are estimated to die of starvation, suicide, or medical complications stemming from their extreme weight loss.
b. 5
10.1.9. According to the textbook, European American and Latina women report higher rates of body dissatisfaction than
b. African American women.
10.1.46. Which of the following statements about the prevalence of eating disorders is most accurate?
b. Anorexia is rare in the general population but common among certain segments.
10.1.75. In establishing an eating disorder clinic, your group of professionals is keen to include all of the therapies that are currently being used to treat these disorders. You will likely include several different therapies, including
b. Bruch's psychodynamic therapy.
10.1.60. The A&E cable channel is presenting the biography of Dr. Hilde Bruch. The presentation includes interviews with Dr. Bruch, who is asked to explain her theory of the development of eating disorders. What does she say?
b. Overly compliant young women use dieting as a means to wrest some control from their parents.
10.1.69. A medical technician looks up from the microscope and says to his supervisor, "I think we have a case of hyperlipogenesis here. " What would this information tell the physician about the patient whose tests the technician just analyzed?
b. The patient's body is storing an abnormally large amount of fat in fat cells.
10.1.51. A cross-cultural researcher is investigating the relationship between body weight and wealth in Third World countries. Which of the following is most likely to summarize the relationship?
b. There is a strong positive relationship between body weight and wealth.
10.1.47. A researcher discussing the prevalence of eating disorders makes reference to what she says is a cohort effect for these disorders. What does this mean?
b. Women born after 1960 have a higher rate of bulimia nervosa than women born prior to 1960.
10.1.44. Which of the following individuals would meet the common criteria for defining obesity?
b. a veteran with a BMI greater than 30
10.1.19. What is amenorrhea?
b. absence of menstruation
10.1.5. The chief characteristic of bulimia nervosa is
b. binge eating.
10.1.57. Compared to families of individuals with anorexia nervosa, which of the following are you more likely to find in families of individuals with bulimia nervosa?
b. conflict and rejection
10.1.24. People diagnosed with anorexia who do not also binge eat or purge are generally less __________, when compared to those who exhibit these symptoms.
b. depressed
10.1.25. Which of these are likely to be comorbid with anorexia nervosa?
b. depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder
10.1.58. Which of the following characterizes the concept proposed by Minuchin of the enmeshed family?
b. family members are overly involved in one another's lives
10.1.13. Which of the following is a defining symptom of anorexia nervosa?
b. fear of gaining weight
10.1.45. Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for binge-eating disorder?
b. feeling embarrassed while eating
10.1.17. One reason why individuals with anorexia steadfastly deny problems with their weight seems to be because they
b. have a distorted body image and do not perceive their appearances accurately.
10.1.30. In the middle of an episode of binge eating, how is a woman likely to describe how she feels?
b. lacking control
10.1.27. In the two cases of eating disorders presented in your textbook—Serrita with anorexia and Michelle with bulimia—there was a very clear difference in their emotional reactions to their behavior. Serrita felt _________ while Michelle felt _________.
b. pride / shame
10.1.84. A third generation of more successful prevention efforts for eating disorders does not directly focus on body image or disordered eating. These efforts attack the thinness ideal indirectly, or focus on
b. promoting healthy eating rather than eliminating unhealthy habits.
10.1.72. The etiology of eating disorders underscores the importance of equifinality, which is the idea that
b. there are many pathways to developing an eating disorder.
10.1.34. Although bulimia nervosa is often referred to as the "binge-purge" disorder, this is misleading because
b. there are other ways to compensate for binges that don't involve purging.
10.1.41. The validity of the distinction between the restricting type and the binge eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa is questioned mainly because
b. they do not differ in terms of comorbidity, recovery, relapse, or mortality.
10.1.32. The DSM-5 criteria for bulimia nervosa refer to compensatory behavior. Which of the following represents this type of behavior?
b. use of laxatives after an episode of bingeing
10.1.18. Agnes, who suffers from anorexia, is dangerously thin but has been steadfastly refusing to eat enough to gain weight. If Agnes could honestly explain to you why she doesn't eat, what would she probably say?
c. "I am intensely afraid of becoming fat."
10.1.79. Paula suffers from bulimia nervosa and is considering treatment with an antidepressant medication. Knowing that you have been studying this issue, she asks your opinion. What should you tell her?
c. "Relapse is common when medication is stopped."
10.1.6. For both anorexia and bulimia, the rate of occurrence in females compared to in males is about
c. 10 to 1.
10.1.12. The average victim of anorexia nervosa is ____ percent below normal body weight.
c. 25
10.1.8. A national survey found that almost _____ percent of American women have a negative body image, particularly concerning their waists, hips, and/or thighs.
c. 50
10.1.81. A cognitive psychologist is proposing a study of the effectiveness of several forms of therapy for treating anorexia nervosa. She sends her proposal to the ethics committee for review. Although the committee approves the proposal from an ethics standpoint, one of the committee members writes her a note saying, "Be aware of the allegiance effect." What will this note mean to the psychologist in regard to her proposal?
c. Because she is a cognitive therapist she is more likely to find that form of therapy to be the most successful.
10.1.50. Although it is certainly an unusual source of data for researchers, some have looked at Playboy centerfolds and Miss America Beauty pageant contestants. How is this research relevant to eating disorders?
c. Between 1959 and 1988, their ratio of weight to height for these groups declined dramatically.
10.1.11. In the case of Serrita, whose struggle with anorexia is described in your textbook, what was her attitude about her condition that is common to many diagnosed with anorexia?
c. She denied that she was too thin.
10.1.10. DSM-5 does not contain a formal cutoff as to how thin is too thin. What does it suggest as a useful indicator in adults?
c. a BMI below 18.5
10.1.3. Individuals who are attempting to become extremely thin by refusing to eat suffer from
c. anorexia nervosa.
10.1.31. What are the primary characteristics of bulimia nervosa?
c. binge eating and purging
10.1.63. Researchers are finding an increased rate of which mental disorder in both victims of eating disorders and their family members?
c. depression
10.1.37. When thinking about comorbid conditions in regard to a client just diagnosed with bulimia nervosa, you are most concerned about the possibility of
c. depression .
10.1.66. Research participants have been asked to identify with a figure within a series of schematic figures of women ranging from very thin to very obese. What is the subject of this research?
c. dissatisfaction with body image
10.1.14. An inaccurate perception of body size and shape is known as
c. distorted body image.
10.1.35. Which of the following symptoms is a diagnostic criteria for both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?
c. excessive emphasis on body shape and weight
10.1.56. The tendency to develop eating disorders seems related to which of the following variables?
c. exposure to popular media
10.1.71. With respect to the role of genetics in eating disorders, it is most likely that
c. genetics might influence some personality characteristics that increase the risk for eating disorders.
10.1.80. Which form of therapy is emerging as an effective treatment for bulimia nervosa because patients continue to improve after the end of therapy?
c. interpersonal therapy
10.1.65. Efforts to understand the relationship between depression and eating disorders have focused on which of the following depressive symptoms?
c. low self-esteem
10.1.53. Which of the following falls within the typical range for the onset of eating disorders?
c. middle adulthood
10.1.33. Bulimia nervosa almost always involves purging. This means that individuals with bulimia nervosa
c. use various means to eliminate the food that they have consumed during their binges.
10.1.68. Ann suffers from bulimia and has been gaining weight. Her parents are concerned and have been encouraging her to go on a diet. What would you tell her and her parents?
d. "Dieting is likely to contribute directly to subsequent binge eating."
10.1.2. During a lecture on eating disorders, the lecturer tells the audience, "Let's be candid, anorexia is a misnomer." Most of the people around you are puzzled until the expert explains. What does she say?
d. "The term anorexia means 'loss of appetite,' but people with this disorder are actually hungry."
10.1.67. ___________ ,or a negative mood state, commonly triggers episodes of binge eating according to Vogele and Gibson.
d. Dysphoria
10.1.76. The most widely studied form of family therapy for eating disorders involves parents initially taking complete control over the child's eating. Age-appropriate autonomy is returned to the child as eating improves. This system is called the
d. Maudsley method.
10.1.26. Terrell will do almost anything for extra credit. He sees a sign recruiting participants for research on eating. When he inquires, he is told the study involves semi-starvation. He is a bit leery now, so he heads over to the library to read up on the topic. What he finds persuades him to look for other ways to earn extra credit. What did he find?
d. Participants are likely to develop obsessions and compulsions concerning food that continue after they return to their normal weight.
10.1.59. What have researchers found concerning the relationship between eating disorders and an individual's report of sexual abuse?
d. The rate of reports of sexual abuse among those with eating disorders is similar to that found in other pathologies.
10.1.52. Your friend is a whiz when it comes to maps. He decides to create a computerized map showing the countries where eating disorders are likely to occur. He asks you for assistance in creating this visual image. What will you tell him?
d. These disorders occur almost exclusively in North America, Europe, and industrialized Asian countries.
10.1.61. Which of the following findings seems to support Hilde Bruch's view of the etiology of eating disorders?
d. Young women with eating disorders tend to set unrealistic, perfectionistic goals.
10.1.77. In one study, ___________ lead to a 70 to 80 percent reduction in binge eating and purging.
d. cognitive behavior therapy
10.1.78. Frances suffers from bulimia nervosa and is seeing a therapist who is focusing on normalizing her eating patterns and addressing her dysfunctional attitudes. Which form of therapy is her therapist providing?
d. cognitive behavior therapy
10.1.4. Some experts suggest that a better term than "eating" disorder would be "___________" disorder.
d. dieting
10.1.20. A patient's medical chart includes the word lanugo. You can tell from the chart that the patient has anorexia nervosa. What will you expect to observe when the patient is examined?
d. fine, downy hair on her face and trunk
10.1.54. Which of the following occupations is associated with an elevated risk for developing eating disorders?
d. gymnast
10.1.73. Although extremely rare, eating disorders have been linked to lesions in the
d. hypothalamus.
10.1.1. What is the primary characteristic of anorexia nervosa?
d. starving oneself
10.1.55. You have been asked to design a targeted prevention program of eating disorders. Which group would receive the most focus in your program design?
d. upper-class 16- to 20-year-old white females