Abstract and Concrete Thinking

causality

'x' causes 'y'

generalization

'x' is a kind of 'y'

sign

'x' is a sign of 'y'

analogy

'x' is like 'y'

theory

A comprehensive and well-tested explanation of a broad area in science is called a(n) ...

deduction

Evidence: All cows have four stomachs. Conclusion: Bessie, the cow, has four stomachs.

generalization

Evidence: All of Ms. Johnson's 1st hour class did their homework. Conclusion: Sibley students are hard-working.

deduction

Evidence: All triangles have three sides. Conclusion: An isosceles triangle has three sides.

analogy

Evidence: I love Pre-AP Science 9. Conclusion: I will love AP Biology.

sign

Evidence: Mr. Bohacek is drinking coffee. Conclusion: Mr. Bohacek likes coffee.

causality

Evidence: Mr. Faust's shoelace is untied. Conclusion: Mr. Faust will trip.

Humankind can pass on ideas which are not 'profitable', but have all types of prejudices and odd beliefs

Feynman describes a 'disease' that affect humankind. Which of the following best describes what Feynman was referring to?

A new understanding, the results from careful observation.

Feynman refers to 'a wonderful piece of gold.' What is it?

reasoning

Since the funnel does not overflow, this means that water is flowing into the lower can.

evidence

The funnel does not overflow.

reasoning

The lower can fills with water, causing the air to be pushed through the hose.

resoning

The lower can fills with water, causing the air to be pushed through the hose.

observation

The process of science begins with a(n) ...

conclusion

The upper can is full of water.

evidence

The upper can is heavy.

conclusion

There is air in the hose.

reasoning

There is no colored liquid in the hose, which is a sign that the hose is filled with air.

1. Feynman's father taught him that a brown-throated thrush is called a halsenflugel in German and Chung ling in China. However, even if you know all its names, you know nothing about the bird itself. 2. Young Feynman asked his fathter why a ball rolls to the back of a wagon when the wagon is pulled forward. His father replied "That, nobody knows." 3. Feynman once asked his father what makes a toy dog move. His father replied: "It moves because the sun is shining."

Which of the following events does Feynman give in the article as an example of how his father taught him about science? (Select all that apply.)

scientific law

a specific and repeatedly tested description of a pattern in nature

inductive reasoning

concrete evidence to an abstract conclusion; bottom up logic

deductive reasoning

draws specific conclusions from general principles; top down logic

scientific theory

most reliable, rigorous, and comprehensive form of scientific knowledge.

deductive reasoning

using scientific laws or theories to explain new observations is an example of...