ACLM Coursework & Exam Prep

assess, advise, agree, assist, arrange

5 A's of motivating change

lack of connection, inadequate nutrition changes, exercise that isn't enjoyable, emphasis on behaviors, lack of stress management, scheduling, no financial viability

7 reasons that behavior change programs fail on the individual level

_____% of the population is diagnosed with type II diabetes

9.3

0-7

A normal AUDIT score is from ___-___, which represents low risk drinking

anthropometric data, biochemical data, clinical assessment, dietary assessment

ABCDs of nutrition assessment

18

John Groopman is noted as having said that most health professionals interrupt their patients within ___ seconds

mindfulness based stress reduction

MBSR is an acronym for this, which is an outpatient program in behavioral medicine based on the science and practice of mindfulness meditation

manage, eliminate completely, never drink & drive, continue usual patterns, seek help

MENUs, a mnemonic used to discuss options for changing alcohol drinking behavior, stands for...

69, 43

__% of adults who smoke daily report interest in quitting, and __% attempted to quit in the previous year

9

__/10 individuals do not know they have prediabetes

27, 7

___% of adults binge drink and ___% binge drink 5x/month

32

___% of health care workers are obese

10

___% weight loss lowers total energy expenditure by 20-25%

50-60

___-___% is the prevalence of physical inactivity

advanced glycation end products (AGEs)

a family of oxidative stress byproducts present in processed foods, animal products, and foods prepared in dry heat (grilling, broiling, roasting, searing, and frying)

5

about ___% of individuals who are interested in quitting smoking are successful without help

3rd

alcohol related deaths represent the ___ leading cause of preventable death

stop, take a breath, observe, proceed

an MBSR tool that can be use when you notice your reactivity rising can be given the acronym STOP, which means...

5, 4

binge drinking is defined as greater than or equal to ___ drinks for men and ___ drinks for women within a two hour period

cortisol, melatonin

blue light at night creates hormonal/neurotransmitter issues at night, increasing ______________ and decreasing ______________

minutes

bodily benefits of smoking can be seen within (minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years)

2:1

coaching practice recommends this ratio of reflections to questions (__:__)

abdominal adiposity, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL, high blood pressure, high fasting glucose

current NCEP ATP III criteria define the metabolic syndrome as the presence of any 3 of these 5 traits

adipokines

cytokines secreted by fat, also known as ________________, increase the risk for atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and diabetes

A1c

demonstrating the provider-patient relationship, patients who rated physicians with a high empathy score were more likely to achieve control of this health outcome

contemplation

during what phase of change would personalizing a health risk discussion, helping to weigh risks and benefits be most helpful?

olive, avocado oil

examples of mono-unsaturated fats

flax seed, chia seed, fish oils

examples of omega-3 fatty acids

corn, sunflower oil

examples of omega-6 fatty acids

15-30

fat should make up about ___-___% of total calorie intake

express empathy, develop discrepancy, roll with resistance, support self efficacy

four general principles of MI

saturated fats, trans-fats, omega-6 fatty acids

general dietary principles of managing hyperlipidemia: reduce these 3 things

third

health literacy increases until the __________ decade of life, after which it begins to decline

150

hypertriglyceridemia is defined as triglyceride levels greater than or equal to ___ mg/dl

false

individuals who screen positive for the AUDIT-10 in the high risk category will require more intensive treatment than the brief intervention performed with their Lifestyle Medicine provider in order to see a benefit in behavior

50, 2

individuals with type II diabetes have ___% higher all cause risk of death and __x medical costs of non-diabetics

whole food

level 0 of food processing

3

level ___ of food processing: created in a processing plant, is closer to a chemical mix than actual food, has ingredients not found in a typical kitchen

1

level ___ of food processing: smashed or cut, nothing removed

2

level ___ of food processing: some original content removed and/or mixed with other ingredients available in a kitchen

40, 50

low HDL cholesterol cutoff is ___ mg/dl for men and ___ mg/dl for women

7, 12

men with BMI >30 had a ___ fold higher risk of developing type II diabetes, women with a BMI >30 had a ___ fold higher risk

3-6, 6

moderate intensity exercise in METs: ___-___; vigorous intensity exercise in METs: >___

type of food, amount of food, frequency of eating

nutrition rx format is FAT backwards and stands for...

3

older adults at risk of falls should do balance training ___ or more days per week

10

on average, smokers die ___ years earlier than non-smokers

48.1

only ___% of primary care adults demonstrate adequate health literacy

20

only about ___% of individuals present to a program at or beyond the preparation phase of change

3

over 1 in ___ women are overweight/obese at the start of pregnancy

10

physical inactivity causes nearly ___% of premature deaths

20-30

polygenic obesity risk is thought to be associated with gene variants, often on chromosome 16, which can increase risk of obesity by ___-___ percent

Adiponectin

protective chemical released with weight loss, demonstrates weight loss related reversal of metabolic disease

15

protein should make up about ___% of total calorie intake

monogenic

several rare forms of obesity result from spontaneous mutations in single genes, also known as ____________ mutations

relevance, risks, rewards, roadblocks, repetition

the 5 Rs of motivational interviewing

2, 3

the American Academy of Family Physicians reports that ___ in ___ appointments are due to stress related causes

cortisol

the HPA axis is best known for it's response in creating this hormone from stress

fitness

the ability to carry out daily tasks with vigor and alertness without undue fatigue

minutes/week

the exercise vital sign is a measure of the quantity of exercise performed, using this unit

self-determination theory

the fundamental theory for human motivation, stating that the drive of life is wanting autonomy (be the captain of my ship, etc.)

zero

the risk of all-cause mortality, and of cancers specifically, rises with increasing levels of alcohol consumption, and the level of consumption that minimizes health loss is _______

myristic acid

the specific fatty acid found in butter

palmitic acid

the specific fatty acid found in meat (and palm oil)

healthy immune system, minimal inflammatory processes

the two primary factors that make an individual less susceptible to cancer

95

the whole food, plant based diet promoted by the ACLM states that ____% of calories should come from vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds

autonomy

these action words are a way to step on others' ____________: fix, rescue, judge, look good, be needed, be the expert, be in control, be right, be special

natural killer (NK)

these are the tumor fighting immune system cells that promote a healthy immune system and reduce risk for cancer

saturated, trans

these two fat types are harmful (general rule)

polyunsaturated, monounsaturated

these two fat types are healthful (general rule)

omega-3

this poly-unsaturated fatty acid is anti-inflammatory

omega-6

this poly-unsaturated fatty acid is pro-inflammatory

AUDIT

this questionnaire is used to provide a risk assessment on alcohol use and help guide interventions

care about me, care for each other, put my interests first

three things patients want from their healthcare providers when about to undergo care

true

true or false: a single bout of exercise can improve insulin sensitivity

true

true or false: individuals in the pre-contemplation stage of the behavior change will benefit from a general discussion on health risks, and getting too specific can overwhelm the patient

true

true or false: non-drug approaches are superior to drug-based approaches in preventing diabetes

false

true or false: women who are overweight/obese prior to pregnancy have the same risk of gaining gestational weight as women who were not overweight/obese prior to pregnancy (exceeding the institute of medicine's recommendations)

2030

type II diabetes is predicted to double worldwide by this year

40, 35

visceral fat required to be a risk factor for metabolic disease is measured as a waist circumference of >___ for men and > ___ for women