Additive and Destructive Pathologies

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Osteoporosis

Abnormal condition of the bone that causes it to become fragile (Destructive)

Cardiomegaly

Abnormal enlargement of the heart (Additive)

Osteosclerotic bone metastases

Abnormal hardening and increase in bone density (Additive)

Sclerosis

Abnormal hardening of body tissue (Additive)

Emaciation

Abnormal thinness caused by lack of nutrition or by disease (Destructive)

Bronchial adenoma

Abnormal tissue growth within the glandular epithelial tissues of the bronchial system (Additive)

Bronchiectasis

Abnormal widening of the bronchi or their branches (Additive)

Ascites

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity (Additive)

CHF

Additive

Encapsulated Abcess

Additive

Pericardial effusion

Additive

Stage 2 Paget's Disease

Additive

Syphilis

Additive

Hemangioma

Benign tumor of blood vessels, often forming a red birthmark (Destructive)

Aseptic/Avascular Necrosis

Bone death resulting from poor blood supply to that bone area (Destructive)

Cystic Fibrosis

Both destructive and additive (no technical factor change)

Pleural Effusion

Buildup of fluid between the layers of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavity (Additive)

Carcinoma

Cancer arising in the epithelial tissue of the skin or of the lining of the internal organs (Destructive)

Multiple Myeloma

Cancer that starts in the plasma cells in bone marrow (Destructive)

Actinomycosis

Chronic bacterial infection commonly affecting the face and neck. (Actino=light, myc/0= fungi, osis = abnormal condition) (Additive)

Empyema

Collection of pus in the body, especially the pleural cavity (Additive)

Hyaline Membrane disease/IRDS

Common cause of respiratory distress in newborns (Additive)

Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica

Condition associated with hyperparathyroidism in which bone tissues become soft and deformed (Destructive)

Emphysema

Condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged causing breathlessness or abnormal air within body tissues (Destructive)

Osteopetrosis (Marble bone)

Condition in which the bones become extremely dense, hard, and brittle (Additive)

Degenerative Arthritis

Condition that breaks down the cartilage in the joints leading to painful joint inflammation (Destructive)

Leprosy

Contagious disease that affects the skin, mucous membranes, and nerves, causing discoloration and lumps on the skin, deformity, and disfigurement (Destructive)

Radiation Necrosis

Death of cells or tissues resulting from the effects of radiation exposure (Destructive)

Gout

Defective metabolism of uric acid which causes arthritis (Destructive)

Charcot's Joint

Degeneration of a weight-bearing joint, marked by bony destruction, bone resorption, and deformity (Additive)

Active Osteomyelitis

Destructive

Active Tuberculosis

Destructive

Early Lung Abcess

Destructive

Enchondroma

Destructive

Lung Abscess

Destructive

New Bone (Fibrosis)

Destructive

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Destructive

Osteolytic Metastases

Destructive

Ricketts

Destructive

Small bone cyst

Destructive

Solitary Myeloma

Destructive

Stage 1 Paget's Disease

Destructive

Blastomycosis

Disease caused by infection with parasitic fungi affecting the skin of the internal organs (Destructive)

Aortic Aneurysm

Enlarged area in lower part of aorta (Additive)

Acromegaly

Enlargement of bone, such as hands, feet, and face (Additive)

Edema

Excess watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body (Additive)

Hyperparathyroidism

Excessive amount of parathyroid hormone in the blood, resulting in weakening of bones through the loss of calcium (Destructive)

Arrested/Inactivated TB

Fibrous or nodular area of previously active TB that has regressed with lesion stabled/calcified for a long period (Additive)

Exotosis

Formation of new bone on bone surface due to excess calcium forming (Additive)

Coccidiodomycosis

Fungal disease of the lungs and other tissues (Destructive)

Callus

Hardening layers of skin to protect itself from friction (Additive)

Acute Kyphosis

Hunchback, condition of excessive curvature in the upper back (Additive)

Proliferative/Rheumatoid Arthritis

Inflammation in the fingers, wrists, feet, and ankle joints resulting in deformity and immobility (Destructive)

Chronic Osteomyelitis (healed)

Inflammation of the bone or bone morrow due to infection (Additive)

Epiglottitis

Inflammation of the epiglottis, which can lead to severe airway obstruction (Destructive)

Cirrhosis

Liver scarring (Additive)

Pneumoconiosis: Anthracosis, Asbestosis, Calcinosis, Siderosis, Silicosis

Lung diseased due to inhalation of dust (Additive)

Pneumonia

Lung inflammation in which the air sacs fill with pus and may become solid (Additive)

Ewing's Tumor

Malignant cancerous bone tumor that affects children (Destructive)

Neuroblastma

Malignant cancerous tumor that develops from nerve tissue commonly in infants and children (Destructive)

Hodgkin's Disease

Malignant disease of the lymphatic tissues which causes lymph nodes enlargement, liver, and spleen (Destructive)

Pulmonary mestases

Malignant neoplasms often located throughout both lungs (Additive)

Fibrosarcoma

Malignant tumor that may occur as a mass in bones or soft tissues (Destructive)

Osteochondroma

Most common type of benign tumors of the bones where cartilage form bones (Additive)

Bronchial carcinoma

Neoplasms arising from mucosal lining of the bronchial tree (Additive)

Giant Cell Tumor

Osteoclast-like cells that that causes a rare tumor of the bone (Destructive)

Atelectasis

Partial of complete collapse of the lung (Additive)

Hydropneumothorax

Presence of air and fluid in the pleural space surrounding the lung (Additive)

Pneumothorax

Presence of air or gas in the cavity between the lungs and the chest wall (Destructive)

Malignancy

Presence of tumor or cancer (Additive)

Atrophy (disease or disuse)

Reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ or tissue (Destructive)

Osteomalacia

Softening of the bones, typically resulting from a lack of vitamin D and calcium (Destructive)

Thoracoplasty

Surgical removal of ribs to gain access to the collapse chest wall and a diseased lung (Additive)

Osteoma

Type of benign tumor in which a new piece of bone grows on another piece of bone, typically in the skull (Additive)

Hydrocephalus

Water on the brain due to fluid buildup inside the skull that leads to swelling (Additive)


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