AGEC 318 Exam 4

A power to force compliance through psychological, emotional, or physical threat is called referent power. True or False.

False

Joannn loves to play tennis. If she joins the local racquet club not just to play on a regular basis but also in order to find tennis partners, she is joining because of instrumental benefits. True or False

True

The basic premise of reinforcement theory is that behavior followed by desired outcomes will be repeated. True or False.

True

The power leaders have as a result of their job assignment is referred to as legitimate power. True or False.

True

Which of these is the degree to which people believe their behavior has a direct impact of their consequences? a. locus of control b. dogmatism c. self-esteem d. authoritarianism e. none of the above

a. Locus of Control

Joe wants to be given a job to do and then left alone to do it. He tend to set moderately difficult goals for himself and to really get involved in his work. He also has a strong need for knowing how he is doing. In which of the following needs is Joe high in? a. achievement b. affiliation c. power d. security e. potential

a. achievement

Which form of power is least likely to result in commitment on the part of subordinates: a. coercive b. legitimate c. expert d. organizational e. reward power

a. coercive

Which form of power is most likely to result in resistance on the part of subordinates? a. coercive b. legitimate c. expert d. reward power e. super power

a. coercive

If a manager threatens a subordinate in order to get the subordinate to do a job, the manager has used: a. coercive power b. legitimate power c. inspirational appeal d. rational persuasion e. reward power

a. coercive power

Giving prestigious job titles (if not carried to extremes) would be one way to satisfy people's need for: a. esteem b. belongingness c. self-actualization d. safety e. equity

a. esteem

The model that says motivation is a function of how much we want something and how likely we are of getting it is: a. expectancy theory b. equity theory c. reinforcement theory d. two-factor theory e. ERG theory

a. expectancy theory

Which of the following reinforcement schedule offers a worker the LEAST incentive to do good work? a. fixed-interval b. fixed-ratio c. variable-interval d. variable-ratio

a. fixed-interval

Which of the following schedules of reinforcement are time-based schedules? a. fixed-interval and variable-interval b. fixed-ratio and variable-ratio c. fixed-ratio and variable-interval d. fixed-interval and variable-ratio e. variable-interval and variable-ratio

a. fixed-interval and variable-interval

A manager who demonstrates employee-centered behavior is most likely to: a. focus on employee growth and job satisfaction b. closely supervise employees c. draw on reward, coercive, and legitimate power d. be concerned primarily with performance e. show a high concern for production

a. focus on employee growth and job satisfaction

You are assigned to the organization's legal department. This makes you a member of what kind of group? a. functional b. task c. informal d. interest e. legitimate

a. functional

Which of the following correctly reflects the difference between interest groups and functional groups? a. interest groups are not formed by the organization; functional groups are b. interest groups are consistent with the organization's goals; functional groups are not c. interest groups can have a big impact on the organization; functional groups general do not d. interest groups continue over time; functional groups are spontaneous, with no continued existence e. interest groups generally form in upper levels of the organization; functional groups are at low levels

a. interest groups are not formed by the organization,; functional groups are

Unions nearly always bargain for retirement packages and good medical plans. Recently, they have begun negotiating for advanced notice for plant closings. What need level from Maslow's hierarchy do these demands represent? a. psychological b. security c. belongingness d. esteem e. self-actualization

a. psychological

The set of expectations held by an individual about what he or she will contribute to the organization and what it will provide in return is called: a. cognitive dissonance b. a psychological contract c. an organizational structure d. collaboration e. organizational citizenship

b. a psychological contract

Dave Miller tells new employees that so long as they do what they are told, he will pretty much let them alone. But, if they get out of line, he will not hesitate for one minute to impose the contractual disciplinary procedure. What kind of reinforcement does Dave's approach represent? a. positive b. avoidance c. extinction d. punishment e. distortion

b. avoidance

A Holiday Inn gives the Apple Award to its personnel for outstanding service. Winners receive apple pins to wear. This reward system is targeted towards which level of need? a. self-actualization b. esteem c. social d. security e. psychological

b. esteem

Robin joined an informal group at work because the other members had interests and attitudes similar to her own. Which reason is this for joining a group? a. instrumental benefits b. interpersonal attraction c. group activities d. group goals e. none of these are correct

b. interpersonal attraction

If a manager gives a subordinate a job to do and the subordinate does it because it is within the normal boundaries of his job, the manager has used: a. coercive power b. legitimate power c. inspirational appeal d. rational persuasion e. reward power

b. legitimate power

The stages of group development in which informal leaders often begin to emerge is called: a. storming stage b. norming stage c. forming stage d. performing stage e. transforming stage

b. norming stage

Josh felt neutral towards his agribusiness management class after the first week; however, after he made an A on the first exam he now says the class is great. This is an example of which of the following? a. satisfaction leads to performance b. performance leads to satisfaction c. expectancy leads to high performance d. performance leads to extrinsic rewards e. satisfaction leads to intrinsic rewards

b. performance leads to satisfaction

When you accept a job, you formulate a(n) _________ with your employer. a. inducement b. psychological contract c. organizational commitment d. contributory expectation e. mental "picture"

b. psychological contract

What need is evidenced by the fact that people buy life and health insurance and deposit money in savings accounts? a. physiological b. security c. self-actualization d. relatedness e. growth

b. security

What differentiates Type B people from Type A? a. they are less ambitious b. they live their lives in more balanced passion c. they are usually unhealthy d. they are less intelligent e. they are more competitive

b. they live their lives in a more balance passion

The first stage of group development is: a. storming b. norming c. forming d. performing e. transforming

c. forming

Abraham Lincoln stated that People are about as happy as they make up their minds to be. This is a belief of someone who: a. is dogmatic b. has an external locus of control c. has an internal locus of control d. is very open-minded e. is experiencing cognitive dissonance

c. has an internal locus of control

The standards of behavior a group accepts for its members are called: a. rules b. roles c. norms d. customs e. values

c. norms

Which kind of reinforcement involves providing a desired outcome in the presence of desirable behavior? a. avoidance b. extinction c. positive d. punishment e. delineation

c. positive

Which of the following is NOT and advantage of group decision making? a. availability of more information b. generation of more ideas c. possibility of groupthink d. easier acceptance of decisions e. better decisions through collaboration

c. possibility of groupthink

When Sam Walton, founder of Walmart and one of the richest man in America, chose to live an unpretentious life, it was an example of leading and inspiring through the use of: a. coercive power b. legitimate power c. referent power d. rational persuasion e. reward power

c. referent power

When an organization assigns you to a group for a specific length of time to accomplish a specific goal, you are a member of a/an: a. functional group b. interest group c. task group d. informal group e. rock group

c. task group

Which of the following has been identified as a major characteristic of a well-designed reward system? a. rewards satisfy the basic needs of employees b. rewards are comparable to those offered by similar organizations in the area c. rewards are distributed fairly and equitably d. all of these are major characteristics of well-designed reward system e. none of these are major characteristics of a well-designed reward system

d. all of these are major characteristics of a well-designed reward system

Joe decides that a promotion is likely because he has achieved the highest level of performance in his group. However, he does not want the promotion because he views it as a source of stress and additional demands on his life. If Joe requests a transfer to avoid the promotion, which theory best explains his behavior? a. High-involvement management b. equity c. hierarchy of needs d. expectancy e. goal setting theory

d. expectancy

Which of the following combinations of group performance norms and cohesiveness is best from manager's point of view? a. low cohesiveness/low norms b. low cohesiveness/high norms c. high cohesiveness/low norms d. high cohesiveness/high norms

d. high cohesiveness/high norms

Charismatic leadership is closely linked with: a. legitimate power b. instrumental compliance c. legitimate requests d. referent power e. coercive power

d. referent power

Which of the following disadvantages of group decisions typically results from the group being very cohesive? a. coalitions b. irrationality c. compromise d. dominance e. groupthink

e. groupthink

Gary Black joined a local service club (voluntary non-profit organization where members meet regularly to perform charitable works) because he saw it as a good place to meet prospective customers for his insurance business. Which of the following is the best explanation for Gary's action? a. interpersonal attraction b. group activities c. group membership d. group goals e. instrumental benefits

e. instrumental benefits

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a Type A person? a. anxiety b. hostility c. compulsiveness d. complexity e. patience

e. patience

A manager who experiments the new ideas, takes a chance with new products, and leads his or her department in new directions has high: a. locus of control b. self-esteem c. self-monitoring d. competencies e. risk propensity

e. risk propensity

Gina is on a committee to develop a marketing plan for a new product. At the last meeting the members could not agree on how to divide up the task, and several members acted in a hostile manner toward one another. This group is at which stage of group development? a. conflict b. forming c. performing d. norming e. storming

e. storming

Which of the following is not a task group? a. task force b. team c. ad hoc committee d. your food and agribusiness management clase e. the marketing department at Ford

e. the marketing department at Ford

Leadership and management are two terms for the same process. true or false

false