AH: Chapter 11 Review

Clara Barton

A pioneering Union nurse who founded the American Red Cross; She was often described as "The angel of The Battlefield"

Income Tax

A tax that takes a specified percentage of an individual's income

Battle of Gettysburg

A three-day battle that determined who would win the Civil War: The North won

Habeas Corpus

Habeas Corpus is a court order requiring authorities to bring a prisoner before the court so that the court can determine whether the prisoner is being held legally.

Stonewall Jackson

He was a Confederate general and the best-known Confederate commander after General Robert E. Lee. He led troops into the Second Battle of Bull Run, the Battle of Antietam, the Battle of Fredericksburg and the Battle of Chancellorsville.

George McClellan

He was a Union General. He was later fired for as Lincoln described it having "the slows"

David G Farragut

Hew was a Union Navy commander that seized and Captured New Orleans, the Confederate's largest city and busiest port.

The Emancipation Proclamation

The Emancipation Proclamation was an executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, freeing the slaves in all regions behind Confederate lines.

Monitor

The North's ironclad ship

Merrimack (Renamed Virginia)

The South's ironclad ship

Battle at Bull Run (First Mananas)

This is the first major battle of the Civil War. The Confederates's victory encouraged the South and provided them with a surge of confidence. The Confederates's victory also made the North realize that the Civil War would be a long and harsh war.

Andersonville

This is where the worst Confederate prison took place; had horrible conditions

Battle of Antietam/Sharpsburg

This was the first battle on Northern soil. This battle still remains today to be known as the bloodiest single day battle in American History. This battle was a victory for the Union, and it also provided Lincoln enough cover to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.

Ulysses S. Grant

Ulysses S. Grant was the 18th President of the United States. As Commanding General, Grant worked closely with President Abraham Lincoln to lead the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy in the American Civil War.

Fort Pillow

Where Confederate troops massacred over 200 African-American prisoners and some whites

Conscription

Conscription is the drafting of citizens for military service.

Copperheads

Northern Democrats that advocated peace with the south

Battle of Shiloh

On April 26, 1862 the Confederates attacked a troop of Union soldiers at a Tennessee church named Shiloh. Grant called reinforcements and counterattacked. The Confederates eventually fled. The battle taught both sides that they had to send scouts, build trenches, and build fortifications. This battle also demonstrated how bloody the war was going to be.

Robert E. Lee

Robert Edward Lee was an American soldier known for commanding the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War from 1862 until his surrender in 1865.

Anaconda Plan

The Anaconda Plan was a three-part strategy by which the Union proposed to defeat the Confederacy in the Civil War 1.) The Union navy would blockade Southern ports, so they could neither export cotton nor import much-needed manufactured goods 2.) Union riverboats and armies would move down to the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two 3.) Union armies would capture the Confederacy capital at Richmond, Virginia

Battle at Fort Sumter

Where: South Carolina Winner: Confederates Importance: First battle of the American Civil War The Battle of Fort Sumter was important because it started the bloodiest war in U.S. history, the American Civil War. Major Anderson the commander at Fort Sumter gave President Lincoln a message that Fort Sumter had only six weeks of supplies left. Although Lincoln tried to re-supply the fort all attempts failed. The South was blocking the way of supplies so that no supplies could get to the fort. On April 10, 1861 General Beauregard, who was in command of the Confederate army, got orders from the President of the South gave orders to take over Fort Sumter demanded the surrender of the fort in Charleston Harbor. Major Anderson of refused to surrender. The battle started on April 12, 1861 when the Southern troops attacked Fort Sumter with cannons. The Union men were out-gunned, they did not have many supplies left, they could not do much damage to the Southern troops. At 2:30 AM on April 13, 1861, Major Anderson surrendered the Fort. The next day, the Union troops evacuated. Although there were no deaths in this battle, this would be the start of a long and bloody war.