Alabama Water Treatment Operator 1000 Questions (Not Really)

14. Soda ash may be used in water treatment to retard corrosion and: a. Adjust pH b. Increase hardness c. Reduce chlorine demand d. Reduce taste and odors

a. Adjust pH

115. The purpose of a mechanical seal in a centrifugal pump is to: a. Prevent water from leaking around the shaft b. To oil the impeller c. To lubricate the bearings d. Seals water out of the motor

a. Prevent water from leaking around the shaft

431. What is the recommended chlorine dosage when disinfecting a water main using the tablet method? a. 25 mg/L b. 50 mg/L c. 75 mg/L d. 100 mg/L

b. 50 mg/L

228. A water tank has an overflow 115 ft above a nearby fire hydrant. Disregarding friction losses, calculate the pressure at the hydrant when the tank is overflowing. a. 25 psi b. 50 psi c. 133 psi d. 356 psi

b. 50 psi

70. Normally, surface water and groundwater have a pH range of a. 9.0 to 10.5 b. 6.8 to 8.5 c. 1.5 to 4.0 d. None of the above

b. 6.8 to 8.5

958. Which corrosion inhibitor is most effective in controlling lead in distribution system water? a. Alum b. Orthophosphates c. pH/alkalinity adjustment d. Silicates

b. Orthophosphates

591. Which type of hydrant has no drain mechanism and is under pressure and full of water in the lower barrel? a. Wet-barrel b. Warm-climate c. Flush d. Breakaway

b. Warm-climate

525. The most common water complaints are taste, odor, and a. pH level b. Faucet pressure c. Colored water d. Leaking pipes

c. Colored water

901. Which of the following are not monitored as corrosion-related water quality indicators? a. Alkalinity b. Conductivity c. Hardness d. pH e. Temperature

c. Hardness

749. How can level measuring devices and transmitters be equipped to prevent damage or malfunction during freezing weather? a. Antifreeze b. Fluctuating water c. Heaters d. Ventilation

c. Heaters

520. Fire protection facilities for each community are evaluated by a. USEPA b. SDWA c. ISO d. City or county government

c. ISO

363. When handling fluoride chemicals, personnel should wear a respirator or mask approved by a. OSHA b. MSA c. EPA d. NIOSH

d. NIOSH

514. What type of personal protective equipment should an operator wear when handling hypochlorites? a. Reflective vest b. Mask c. Ear plugs d. Eye goggles

d. Eye goggles

382.ln general, a trench should be no more than how many feet wider than the diameter of the pipe? a. 1 to 2 ft b. 3 to 4ft c. 2 to 3 ft d. 4 to 5 ft

a. 1 to 2 ft

919. Why are electric motor-driven centrifugal pumps started with the discharge valve closed or throttled? a. To keep the suction line and impeller submerged in water b. To prevent abnormal demands from overloading the pump c. To reduce electric current and water surges d. To slowly release all air from the suction and discharge lines

a. To keep the suction line and impeller submerged in water

480. What is the minimum diameter of a water main to be used for the installation of a fire hydrant? a. 2 in. b. 6 in. c. 4 in. d. 8 in.

b. 6 in.

239. An operator mixes 40 lb of lime in a 100 gal tank that contains 80 gal of water. What is the percent of lime in the slurry? a. 3% b. 6% c. 9% d. 12%

b. 6%

37. A groundwater storage tank is 60 ft wide, 12 ft long and 12 ft deep. How many gallons of water will it hold? a. 86,400 b. 64,627 c. 720,576 d. 800,000

b. 64,627

641. How many gallons are there in 1,200 ft3 of water? a. 10,008 gal b. 8,976 gal c. 60.628 gal d. 143 .888 gal

b. 8,976 gal 1200 * 7.48 = 8,976

584. Dry-barrel fire hydrants are used in what type of environment? a. Dry b. Freezing c. Wet d. Hot

b. Freezing

78. Pressure in a pipeline may be affected by a. Color and turbidity b. Friction and elevation c. Hardness and temperature d. Turbidity and temperature

b. Friction and elevation

471. Which one of the following service line materials is not flexible? a. Copper b. Galvanized iron c. Lead d. Plastic

b. Galvanized iron

481. What is the best location for a tap on a main? a. On top of the main b. On the side of the main c. 45° down from the top of the main d. 45° up from the bottom of the main

c. 45° down from the top of the main

347.Find the capacity of a cylindrical tank in gallons, if it has a diameter of 12.8 ft and has a height of 15.6 ft. a. 531 gal b. 11 ,061 gal c. 3,972 gal d. 15,045 gal

d. 15,045 gal

534. An 8-in. main line needs to be flushed. The length of pipeline to be flushed is 250 ft. How many minutes will it take to flush the line at 25 gpm? a. 7 minutes b. 26 minutes c. 13 minutes d. 31 minutes

b. 26 minutes

325. What is the motor horsepower (MHp) required if 200 Hp is required to move water with a pump with a motor efficiency of 88% and a pump efficiency of 81%? NOTE: The 200 Hp in this problem is called water horsepower (WHp). The water horsepower is the actual energy (horsepower) available to pump water. a. 166 MHp b. 281 MHp c. 200 MHp d. 355 MHp

b. 281 MHp

352. A rectangular tank measures 5 ft by 10ft. Water in the tank is 8.0 ft in depth. What is the pressure in pounds per square inch on the bottom of the tank? a. 1.0 psi b. 3.5 psi c. 2.3 psi d. 4.8 psi

b. 3.5 psi 8 ft / 2.31 = 3.46

539. What should the setting be on a chlorinator in pounds per day, if the dosage desired is 2.90 mg/L and the pumping rate from the well is 975 gpm? a. 29lb/day b. 34 lb/day c. 42 lb/day d. 336 lb/day

b. 34 lb/day

460. A trench is 430ft long, 4.0 ft wide and 5.5 ft deep. How many cubic yards of soil are excavated? a. 215 yd3 b. 350 yd3 c. 788 yd3 d. 9,460 yd3

b. 350 yd3 430 x 4 x 5.5 = 9460 ft3 / 27 yd3 = 350.37 yd3

416. If a trench is 644 ft long, 3.5 ft wide, and 5.0 ft deep, approximately how many cubic yards of soil were excavated? a. 140 yd3 b. 420 yd3 c. 300 yd3 d. 450 yd3

b. 420 yd3

451. Chlorine is fed at a rate of 25 lb/day for a flow rate of 7 cfs. To maintain the same dosage, what adjustment to the chlorinator should be made when the flow rate is increased to 12 cfs? a. 30 lb/day b. 43 lb/day c. 50 lb/day d. 63 lb/day

b. 43 lb/day 7 : 25 = 12 : X = 7 = 25 Cross Multiply = 12 X 12 x 25 = 7 x X = 300 = 7X Divide by 7 = 42.86

220. Determine the brake horsepower (BHp) if the motor has an efficiency of 91% and a horsepower (Hp) of 40. a. 30 BHp b. 44BHp c. 36 BHp d. 67 BHp

b. 44BHp 40 / .91 = 44.44 BHp

831. For systems analyzing at least 40 samples per month, no more than ____ percent of the monthly samples may be positive for total coliform a. 2.5 b. 5 C. 8 d. 10

b. 5

799. What is the threshold odor number (TON) that will begin to draw complaints from customers? a. 1 TON b. 5 TON c. 32 TON d. 128 TON

b. 5 TON

496. For best results, what is the minimum flushing velocity when using the unidirectional flushing method? a. 3 fps b. 5 fps c. 7 fps d. 10 fps

b. 5 fps

86. The diameter of a cylindrical tank is 10 feet. If filled to a depth of 10 feet, it will contain approximately how many gallons of water? a. 2.987 b. 5,872 c. 6,024 d. 10,602

b. 5,872

232. A 3.0-ft diameter pipe that is 1,876 ft long was disinfected with chlorine. If 41 .33 lb of chlorine were used, what was the dosage in milligrams per liter? a. 13 mg/L b. 50 mg/L c. 41 mg/L d. 99 mg/L

b. 50 mg/L 3 x 3 x .785 x 1,876 = 13,254 x 7.48 = 99,139.5 99,139.5 / 1,000,000 = .099 MGD 41.33 lb 0.099MGD (8.34) = 49.97 mg/L

370. Under the National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations, what is the secondary maximum contaminant level for total dissolved solids? a. 200 mg/L b. 500 mg/L c. 250 mg/L d. 700 mg/L

b. 500 mg/L

639. A 1,700 gal tank is filled with water to 30% of its capacity. How many gallons of water are in the tank? a. 350 gal b. 510 gal c. 371 gal d. 925 gal

b. 510 gal

256. A channel 7 ft wide has water flowing through it at a depth of 3 ft and a velocity of 2.8 fps. Find the flow through the channel in cubic feet per second. a. 49 cfs b. 59 cfs c. 52 cfs d. 65 cfs

b. 59 cfs Formula

176. A treatment plant processes an average of 4,850 gpm. If the lime dosage is 114 gpm, what is the dosage in milligrams per liter? a. 0.12mg/L b. 6.22 mg/L C. 40.2 mg/L d. 51.8 mg/L

b. 6.22 mg/L

638. The design capacity of a treatment facility is 5 MGD. If the flow at the facility is 3.3 MGD, the facility is operating at what percent of capacity? a. 16.5% b. 66% c. 60% d. 75%

b. 66% 5 / 3.3 = 0.66 x 100 = 66%

503. A meter indicates water is flowing from a fire hydrant at 2.6 cfm. How many gallons will flow from the hydrant if it is flushed for 35 minutes? a. 20 gal b. 683 gal c. 91 gal d. 910 gal

b. 683 gal 1 cfm = 7.48 gal 7.48 x 2.6cfm = 19.448 19.448 x 35 = 680.68 gal

653. What type of pipe joint is best to use under high groundwater and muddy conditions despite best efforts to pump the groundwater out of the trench? a. Push joint b. Mechanical joint c. Boltless ball joint d. Tied rubber gasket joint

b. Mechanical joint

879. Both primary and secondary standards have been set for which one of the following substances? a. Asbestos b. Fluoride c. Lead d. Mercury

b. Fluoride

583 . What type of hydrant is hidden from public view? a. Breakaway b. Flush c. Wet-barrel d. Warm-climate

b. Flush

211. The component of a centrifugal pump sometimes installed on the end of the suction pipe in order to hold the priming is the a. Casing b. Foot valve c. Impeller d. Lantern ring

b. Foot valve

918. Which type of valve is installed on the inlet of a centrifugal pump suction to keep the pump and suction line full of water? a. Check valve b. Foot valve c. Gate valve d. Isolation valve

b. Foot valve

988. What must an employer inspect an excavation for before any employees may work in or adjacent to the excavation? a. For availability of observers and rescue personnel b. For hazards from possible moving ground c. For level of groundwater d. For proper location of warning signs

b. For hazards from possible moving ground

876. Why is sulfate of concern in drinking water? a. Cause of taste and odors b. Formations of scale on heat exchangers c. Reactive with soaps and detergents d. Responsible for staining plumbing fixtures

b. Formations of scale on heat exchangers

873. What is the undesirable taste of iron in water? a. Bitter astringent b. Metallic c. Sour d. Vegetable

b. Metallic

365. Which of the following is colorless, odorless, and lighter than air, highly flammable and sometimes called swamp gas? a. Hydrogen sulfide b. Methane c. Chlorine d. Radon

b. Methane

613. What health risk is associated with nitrate in water? a. Liver damage b. Methemoglobinemia c. Kidney damage d. Nervous system damage

b. Methemoglobinemia

826. USEPA regulations are based on the assumption that all surface water is contaminated by harmful a. Pesticides b. Microorganisms c. Industrial solvents d. Algae

b. Microorganisms

787. What is the basic guideline for water system operation? a. Maximum flow rate fluctuation with total system demand b. Minimum distribution system operating pressure c. Peak daily demand d. Peak hourly demand

b. Minimum distribution system operating pressure

996. What is the basic guideline for water system operation? a. Maximum flow rate fluctuation with total system demand b. Minimum distribution system operating pressure c. Peak daily demand d. Peak hourly demand

b. Minimum distribution system operating pressure

632. The CT value must be calculated to ensure that the disinfection process is effective. The CT value is found by a. Running a fecal coliform test b. Multiplying the detention time by residual concentration c. Subtracting the free residual from the total residual d. Taking five repeat samples throughout the distribution system

b. Multiplying the detention time by residual concentration

512. What information is required on the tag during a switch lock-out? a. Social security number b. Name of person who locked out the switch c. Temperature of area d. Exact time the tag will be removed

b. Name of person who locked out the switch

616. Where are maximum contaminant levels for water quality indicators specified? a. Webster's New World Dictionary b. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations c. Fair Labor Standards d. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater

b. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations

867. What are THM precursors? a. Natural inorganic compounds that may react with halogens (such as chlorine) b. Natural organic compounds that may react with halogens c. Synthetic inorganic compounds that may react with halo gens d. Synthetic organic compounds that may react with halogens

b. Natural organic compounds that may react with halogens

784. What happens when a rust film forms on the inside of a pipe? a. Carrying capacity of pipe increases b. Rate of corrosion accelerates c. Rate of corrosion slows down d. Strength of pipe increases

b. Rate of corrosion accelerates

165. The most common type of well used for public water supply systems is a a. Jetted well b. Driven well c. Drilled well d. Bored well

c. Drilled well

997. If the limiting head loss is frequently a problem and turbidity breakthrough rarely occurs, what change in media size may be considered? a. Larger media size b. Media size does not affect this problem c. No change in media size d. Smaller media size

a. Larger media size

271. Corrosive water acting on a customer's plumbing may cause which of the following metals to enter their drinking water? a. Lead b. Bismuth c. Silver d. Carbon

a. Lead

679. Most internal joint seals eliminate leaks in pipelines with internal working pressures a. Less than 150 psi b. Up to 300 psi c. More than 500 psi d. That are consistent

a. Less than 150 psi

581. What type of meter is primarily used for measuring dirty or corrosive water? a. Magnetic b. Insertion c. Ultrasonic d. Venturi

a. Magnetic

367. What is the major health risk of nitrates? a. Methemoglobinemia b. Nervous system disorder c. Prostate cancer d. Gastrointestinal effects

a. Methemoglobinemia

395. As the temperature of the water increases, the disinfecting action of chlorine is a. More effective b. Not affected c. Less effective d. Likely to increase DO

a. More effective

104. Why does an electric motor pull more electricity during start-up? a. More energy is required to get the parts moving b. The motor is cold c. Worn parts in the motor d. The motor needs oil

a. More energy is required to get the parts moving

674. Although the specific nature of distribution water quality problems varies with water chemistry, the majority of problems fall into three categories. Which category does not belong? a. Encrustation b. Fouling c. Oxidation d. Sedimentation

b. Fouling

606. Which of the following devices is used to measure water depths in storage facilities? a. Transducer b. Magnetic sensor c. Venturi meter d. Thermistor

a. Transducer

812. Reaching or exceeding an action level a. Triggers the initiation of a treatment technique b. Means a utility must test further to determine exactly what and how much of it is in the water c. Triggers a "boil water" notice d. Can only be determined at the treatment plant

a. Triggers the initiation of a treatment technique

235. Which of the following substances will reduce the effectiveness of chlorine disinfection? a. Turbidity b. Color c. Radon d. Carbon dioxide

a. Turbidity

267. Which of the following diseases is capable of being transmitted by water? a. Typhoid b. Encephalitis c. Measles d. Mumps

a. Typhoid

580. An example of a large-flow water meter is a. Velocity meter b. Positive displacement type c. Rotating disk type d. Piston type

a. Velocity meter

218. Which of the following parts in a centrifugal pump restricts flow between the impeller discharge and suction areas? a. Wear rings b. Shaft rings c. Packing rings d. Lantern rings

a. Wear rings

490. Which type of hydrant has no main valve but has a separate valve for each nozzle? a. Wet-barrel b. Warm-climate c. Dry-barrel d. Breakaway

a. Wet-barrel

291. What is the maximum contaminant level goal for known or suspected carcinogens? a. Zero b. 0.0001 to 0.001 c. Depends on the chemical d. Known or suspected carcinogens only have MCLs

a. Zero

797. What is the maximum contaminant level goal for lead (Pb)? a. Zero mg/L b. 0.015 mg/L c. 0.05 mg/L d. 0.10 mg/L

a. Zero mg/L

450. Solve the proportion: 6:72 = X:480 a. x = 40 b. X= 408 C. X= 72 d. x=414

a. x = 40 6 : 72 = X:480 = 6 = X Cross Multiply 72 480 6 x 480 = 72 x X 2880 = 72X Divide by 72 X = 40

522. When work is being performed in streets, the flagman should be positioned at least how many feet in front of the work space? a. 5 ft b. 100 ft c. 20ft d. 500ft

b. 100 ft

839. Coliform organisms are reported in organisms per a. Litre b. 100 milliliters c. Milliliter d. Plate

b. 100 milliliters

486. As a general rule, water pipes should be separated from sewer pipes by a horizontal distance of a. 6ft b. 10ft c. 8ft d. 12ft

b. 10ft

241. Convert 8.60 MGD into cubic feet per second. a. 8.6 cfs b. 13.3 cfs c. 798.4 cfs d. 9,162.2 cfs

b. 13.3 cfs

455. What is the pounds per square inch of pressure at the bottom of a tank, if the water level is 33.11 ft deep? a. 1.4 psi b. 14.3 psi c. 3.1 psi d. 76.5 psi

b. 14.3 psi 33.11 / 2.31 = 14.333

338. What is the head on a system exerting a static pressure of 62 psi? a. 27 ft b. 143 ft c. 89ft d. 175 ft

b. 143 ft 62 x 2.31 = 143.2

358. A tank is 40ft in diameter and is 20 ft tall. If there is 140,900 gal of water in the tank, what is the pounds per square inch at the bottom of the tank? a. 2.3 psi b. 15 .1 psi c. 6.5 psi d. 18.8 psi

b. 15 .1 psi V = 140,900 gal/7.48 cf/gal = 18,837 cf A = (40x40x.785) = 1256 SF 18,837 / 1256 = 14.99

607. What is the maximum recommended head loss for positive displacement water meters that are less than 2 m?. a. 5 psi b. 15 psi c. 10 psi d. 20 psi

b. 15 psi

585. In general, what is the maximum practical lift of pumps? a. 5 to 15 ft b. 15 to 25 ft c. 30 to 40 ft d. 45 to 55 ft

b. 15 to 25 ft

392. What type of pipe joint is best to use under high groundwater and muddy conditions despite best efforts to pump the groundwater out of the trench? a. Pushjoint b. Mechanical joint c. Boltless ball joint d. Tied rubber gasket joint

b. Mechanical joint

354. A treatment plant is adding 364 grams/min of soda ash to its treated water. If the plant is producing water at 20 MGD, what is the soda ash usage in pounds per day? a. 1,155 lb/day b. 6,343 lb/day c. 3,600 lb/day d. 8,308 lb/day

a. 1,155 lb/day

650. What should the flow meter read in gal per min, if a 12-inch diameter main is to be flushed at 5.0 fps? a. 1,764 gpm b. 2,900 gpm c. 3,600 gpm d. 3,920 gpm

a. 1,764 gpm

506. What should the flow meter read in gallons per minute, if a 12-inch diameter main is to be flushed at 5.0 fps? a. 1,764 gpm b. 3,600 gpm c. 2,900 gpm d. 3,920 gpm

a. 1,764 gpm D x D x .785 x 5.0 = 3.925 * 7.48 = 29.36 gps 29.36 gps x 60 sec/min = 1761.54 gm

248. What is the specific gravity for a solution that weighs 10.27 lb/gal? a. 1.23 b. 1.39 c. 1.31 d. 1.42

a. 1.23 10.27 / 8.34 lb/gal = 1.23

858. The optimum fluoride level is a. 1.O mg/L b. 2.0 mg/L c. 3.0 mg/L d. 4.0 mg/L

a. 1.O mg/L

813. Most water for household use contains some measure of calcium carbonate (CaC03). What is considered the most acceptable level of CaCO 3 in domestic water? a. 10 to 50mg/L b. 75 to 100 mg/L c. 150 to 200 mg/L d. 300 mg/L

a. 10 to 50mg/L

693. A head of 250 ft of water is equivalent to what pressure in pound per square inch gauge? a. 108.23 psig b. 264.7 psig c. 577.5 psig d. 2,453.39 psig

a. 108.23 psig 250 / 2.31 = 108.225

334. A corrosion-resistant pipe is used to carry the chlorine gas solution from the chlorine injector to the point of application because the pH range of the solution is a. 0 to 1 standard units b. 2 to 4 standard units c. 6 to 8 standard units d. 9 to 11 standard units

b. 2 to 4 standard units

4. A 3 MGD well operating an average of 2l hours a day. The rate of flow is approximately: a. 1,440 gpm b. 2,400 gpm c. 3,000 gpm d. 2,100 gpm

b. 2,400 gpm

243. If 154 is 72%, what is 100%? a. 46 b. 214 c. 110 d. 462

b. 214

237. Find the detention time in minutes for a clarifier that has a diameter of 152 ft and a water depth of 8.22 ft,if the flow rate is 6.8 MGD. a. 32 minutes b. 236 minutes c. 775 minutes d. 5,664 minutes

b. 236 minutes

424.How long should a new tank be disinfected before a water sample is collected for coliform analysis? a. 6 hours b. 24 hours c. 12 hours d. 48 hours

b. 24 hours

791. What is a problem encountered when using probes to measure water levels? a. Accumulation of scum on probe b. Measuring entire range of depth readings c. Rods move up and down d. Signals can't be transmitted electronically

a. Accumulation of scum on probe

980. How could you loosen encrustations on a well casing and well? a. Acid treatment b. Caustic treatment c. Flushing d. Scrubbing

a. Acid treatment

883. What do Tier I violations for nitrate and coliform bacteria indicate? a. Acute risks to health exists b. Careless operation c. Need for better reporting procedures d. Warning that violations must cease

a. Acute risks to health exists

658. The recommended maximum rate for continuous operation of a 1-inch positive-displacement meter is a. 15 psi b. 25 gpm c. 50 gpm d. 100 gpm

b. 25 gpm

***859. The USEPA Primary Standard MCL for Sulfates is a. 150 mg/L b. 250 mg/L c. 400 mg/L d. 500 mg/L

b. 250 mg/L

288. What is the maximum contaminant level goal for chloride? a. 2.5 mg/L b. 250 mg/L c. 25 mg/L d. 2,500 mg/L

b. 250 mg/L

554. What is the maximum contaminant level goal for chloride? a. 2.5 mg/L b. 250 mg/L c. 25 mg/L d. 2,500 mg/L

b. 250 mg/L

860. The USEPA Secondary Standard MCL for Sulfates is a. 150 mg/L b. 250 mg/L c. 400 mg/L d. 500 mg/L

b. 250 mg/L

993. Where is compliance with maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) usually measured? a. Customers' faucets b. End of distribution system c. Entry point to distribution system d. Following each treatment process

c. Entry point to distribution system

511. When a permit is required to enter a confined space, who may sign the permit? a. Entrant b. Person attending c. Entry supervisor d. OSHA representative

c. Entry supervisor

77. The primary origin of coliforms in water supplies is a. Natural algae growth b. Industrial solvents c. Fecal contamination by warm-blooded animals d. Acid rain

c. Fecal contamination by warm-blooded animals

903. Where is compliance with maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) usually measured? a. Customers faucets b. End of distribution system c. Entry point to distribution system d. Following each treatment process

c. Entry point to distribution system

199. A hypochlorinator is used to a. Measure chlorine residual b. Treat iron and manganese c. Feed liquid chlorine solution into a water supply d. Measure an adequate amount of chlorine gas into the supply

c. Feed liquid chlorine solution into a water supply

19. The recovery rate of a well is measured in: a. Gallons per minute per foot of drawdown b. Gallons per minute per foot of static level c. Feet of rise per minute d. All of the above

c. Feet of rise per minute

608. Which of the following devices can check water flow in the distribution system? a. Pitot meter b. Amperometric meter c. Flow meter d. Service line meter

c. Flow meter

53. Cavitations in pumps is caused by pumping a. Against discharge heads higher than design values b. Excessive amounts of abrasive solids c. Flow rates considerably higher than design flows d. With impeller speed below manufacturer's recommendations

c. Flow rates considerably higher than design flows

265. What is the operator's most important responsibility with regard to safety? a. Awareness of why safe procedures must be followed b. Detection of explosive conditions inside an elevated tank c. Following safe procedures d. Learning about the hazards of working in traffic

c. Following safe procedures

89. What could cause a pump to start too frequently? a. Cut-off pressure setting too high b. Impellers worn c. Leaking foot valve d. Motor bearings worn

c. Leaking foot valve

484. What is the best method to use to avoid contamination of a main when installing a new service connection? a. Shut valves on either side of the main, drill hole, thread hole, then install fitting b. Shut valves on either side of the main, drill hole, then weld saddle with fitting over the hole c. Leave main pressurized and install fitting by wet tap d. Leave main pressurized and install Rollins-Yorsky insertion tap

c. Leave main pressurized and install fitting by wet tap

489. Which of the following is associated with using a pressure tap to make connections of new mains to an existing main? a. Discolored water b. Large amounts of water loss c. Low probability of contamination d. Loss of fire protection

c. Low probability of contamination

648. Which of the following is associated with using a pressure tap to make connections of new mains to an existing main? a. Discolored water b. Large amounts of water loss c. Low probability of contamination d. Loss of fire protection

c. Low probability of contamination

827. Groundwater generally requires less treatment than surface water for a. Radionuclides b. Industrial solvents c. Microorganisms d. Iron and manganese

c. Microorganisms

574. Which style of curb box eliminates the possibility of misalignment? a. Arch style b. Montgomery style c. Minneapolis style d. Chicago style

c. Minneapolis style

611. Which type of temperature sensor uses a semi-conductive material? a. Thermocouple b. Thermoresistor c. Thermistor d. Thermo-electrocouple

c. Thermistor

598. Which type of temperature sensor uses two wires of different material? a. Thermistor b. Thermoresistor c. Thermocouple d. Thermo-electrocouple

c. Thermocouple

518. Under any soil conditions, cave-in protection is required for trenches or excavations that are how many feet deep? a. 2 ft b. 4 ft c. 3 ft d. 5 ft

d. 5 ft

651. Customers usually can notice turbidity readings in excess of how many nephelometric turbidity units NTU)? a. 2 ntu b. 3 ntu c. 4 ntu d. 5 ntu

d. 5 ntu

29. How long will it take to fill a ground storage tank that holds 150,000 gallons using a pump with an output of 500 gallons per minute? a. 2.0 hours b. 2.5 hours c. 4.0 hours d. 5.0 hours

d. 5.0 hours

410. Fire demand can account for what percentage of the total capacity of a storage system? a. 20% b. 40% c. 30% d. 50%

d. 50%

246. A tank is conical at the bottom and cylindrical at the top. If the diameter of the cylinder is 16 ft with a depth of 30 ft and the cone depth is 10 ft, what is the approximate volume of the tank in gallons? a. 20,000 gal b. 40,000 gal c. 30,000 gal d. 50,000 gal

d. 50,000 gal

258. The drawdown worksheet got wet and the operators were unable to read what the pumping water level was. If the static level in the well was 38.23 ft and the drawdown was 19.52 ft, what was the pumping water level in the well? a. 18.71 ft b. 38.23 ft c. 19.52 ft d. 57.75 ft

d. 57.75 ft 38.23 + 19.52 = 57.75

453. A solution is 5.8% hypochlorite. What is the milligrams per liter of hypochlorite in the solution? a. 58 mg/L b. 5,800 mg/L c. 580 mg/L d. 58,000 mg/L

d. 58,000 mg/L 5.8 X 10000

282. A room measures 12ft high, 30ft long, and 17 ft wide. How many cubic feet per minute of air must a blower in an air exchanger unit move to completely change the air every 10 minutes? a. 102 b. 1,020 c. 612 d. 6,120

d. 6,120 12 X 30 X 17 = 6,120 cf

419. A solution was found to be 63.5% calcium hypochlorite. What is the milligrams per liter of calcium hypochlorite in the solution? a. 1,000 b. 63,500 c. 10,000 d. 635,000

d. 635,000 10,000 x 63.5 = 635,000

255. Find the motor horsepower for a pump station with the following parameters: Motor Efficiency: 90% Total Head (TH): 202 ft Pump Efficiency: 78% Flow: 1.35 MGD a. 47 MHp b. 61 MHp c. 53 MHp d. 68 MHp

d. 68 MHp

810. The federal Lead and Copper Rule requires that samples be collected a. From the raw water source b. From the filter effluent c. From the distribution system d. From residential taps

d. From residential taps

41. To repack a buried gate valve, the valve must be a. Removed from service b. Fully closed c. Of the rising stem type d. Fully open

d. Fully open

52. Which of the following are two types of samples? a. Dessicator and gooch b. Wet and dry c. Buret and flask d. Grab and composite

d. Grab and composite

136. On an adapter the ground wire which is connected under the screw on the receptacle cover plate is a. White b. Red c. Black d. Green

d. Green

939. What is a difference between groundwater and surface water contamination? a. Groundwaters are more susceptible to contamination b. Groundwaters cannot be purified by use of bioremediation c. Groundwaters move faster than surface waters d. Groundwaters take considerably more time to recover from contamination

d. Groundwaters take considerably more time to recover from contamination

23. Which of the following symbols is for free chlorine? a. HOCl b. NaOCl c. Cl2 d. HCI

d. HCI

815. Which of the following is not an example of a corrosion index? a. Buffer b. Ryzner c. Calcium carbonate precipitation potential d. Hazen-Williams coefficient

d. Hazen-Williams coefficient

469. What is the potential cross-connection hazard from sprinkler systems? a. Low b. Low to moderate c. Moderate d. High

d. High

1. Two of the undesirable characteristics of a water that would cause a water to be corrosive includes: a. High pH and alkalinity b. No dissolved oxygen and moderate hardness c. Low temperature and low velocity d. High carbon dioxide and low pH e. No hydrogen sulfides and moderate alkalinity

d. High carbon dioxide and low pH

556. The National Primary Drinking Water Regulations apply to drinking water contaminants that may have adverse effects on a. Water color b. Water taste c. Water odor d. Human health

d. Human health

160. Which of the following is found mainly in Groundwater sources and forms a precipitate when oxidized? a. Hydrogen sulfide b. Methane c. Radon d. Iron

d. Iron

24. Gallionella or Crenothrix are: a. A waterborne disease b. Tuberculation of cast iron pipe c. Bacterial contamination in sample bottles d. Iron bacteria

d. Iron bacteria

692.Hydraulic grade line (HGL) is a line that A. Connects the piezometric surfaces along a pipeline b. Marks the free water surface c. Measures the amount the water level drops in a well once pumping begins d. Joins the elevations of the energy heads

d. Joins the elevations of the energy heads

130. The primary purpose for the use of a dry barrel hydrant is to a. Allow easy maintenance of the hydrant b. Keep the barrel from rusting c. Minimize water hammer d. Keep the hydrant from freezing

d. Keep the hydrant from freezing

979. When lifting heavy objects, which part of the body should bear the bulk of the physical effort? a. Arms b. Back c. Hands d. Legs

d. Legs

178. Which one of the following is a major part of a turbidimeter? a. Objective nosepiece b. Reference electrode c. Aspirator d. Light source

d. Light source

981. When a well requires treatment with chlorine, which type of chlorine is used? a. Chloramines b. Gaseous chlorine c. Hypochlorite d. Liquid chlorine

d. Liquid chlorine

896. What is the most probable cause of an increase in coliform level in treated water? a. Change in raw water quality b. Coliform regrowth c. Increase in chlorine feed rate d. Low chlorine residual

d. Low chlorine residual

970. What is the probably cause of an increase in coliform level in a water distribution system? a. Decrease in pH of distribution system water b. Drop in corrosion of lead and copper c. Faulty sampling technique d. Low chlorine residual

d. Low chlorine residual

521. Continued inhalation of radon gas is considered to contribute to which of the following? a. Gastrointestinal disease b. Hepatitis c. Cholera d. Lung cancer

d. Lung cancer

513. Which of the following provides a profile of hazardous substances or mixtures? a. CERCLA b. CFR c. OSHA d. MSDS

d. MSDS

567. How must water systems serving a population over 10,000 distribute the consumer confidence report (CCR) to customers? a. Television announcement b. Radio announcement c. Public meeting d. Mail

d. Mail

260. What do water distribution system operators do? a. Construct water distribution system mains and storage tanks b. Design water supply facilities c. Drill water wells d. Make water distribution system facilities do their intended job

d. Make water distribution system facilities do their intended job

905. What do water distribution system operators do? a. Construct water distribution system mains and storage tanks b. Design water supply facilities c. Drill water wells d. Make water distribution system facilities do their intended job

d. Make water distribution system facilities do their intended job

782. What should be the basis for equipment preventative maintenance? a. Experience b. Failure of equipment c. Information supplied by operators d. Manufacturers' recommendations

d. Manufacturers' recommendations

774. What information is available from geographic information system (GIS) computer programs? a. Map detailing financial records of distribution system b. Map displaying USGS topographical maps c. Map showing distribution system hydraulic grade line contours d. Map with detailed information about the physical structures within geographic areas

d. Map with detailed information about the physical structures within geographic areas

75. The term "MCL" means a. Maximum chlorine residual level b. Minimum coliform level c. Multi-colonies level d. Maximum contaminant level

d. Maximum contaminant level

372. What does the abbreviation MCLG stand for? a. Minimum concentration level goal b. Maximum concentration level goal c. Minimum contaminant level goal d. Maximum contaminant level goal

d. Maximum contaminant level goal

27. If the pump bearings on horizontal centrifugal pumps are over lubricated, the most important effect is that the extra lubricant a. Will result in smoother and more efficient operation of the pump b. Will not make any difference in the operation of the pump c. Will be wasted d. May cause overheating and possible failure of the bearings

d. May cause overheating and possible failure of the bearings

823. The Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule was enacted primarily to control a. Turbidity b. Algae c. Disinfection by-products d. Microbial pathogens

d. Microbial pathogens

3. The chemical used in making a free residual test is: a. Phenolphthalain b. Orthotolodine c. Sodium arsenite d. N, N-diethyl-phenylene-Diamine (DPD) e. None of the above

d. N, N-diethyl-phenylene-Diamine (DPD)

94. What is the accepted method used to measure turbidity? a. Candle b. Jackson c. Light d. Nephelometric

d. Nephelometric

557. Which of the following is considered an acute risk to health? a. Two Tier 2 violations b. One Tier 2 violation c. Two Tier 1 violations d. One Tier 1 violation

d. One Tier 1 violation

69. Disease-causing bacteria are known as a. Coliforms b. Noncoliforms c. Nonpathogenic d. Pathogenic

d. Pathogenic

845. Disease-producing bacteria are correctly called a. Saprophytes b. Facultative anaerobes c. Parasitic d. Pathogenic

d. Pathogenic

690. What measurement is used when determining the required capacity of distribution system piping? a. Minimum-day demand b. Average daily flow c. Peak-day demand d. Peak-hour demand

d. Peak-hour demand

93. Which piece of laboratory equipment is the most accurate way to measure a volume of liquid? a. Beaker b. Flask c. Graduated cylinder d. Pipet

d. Pipet

938. Mandatory water quality limits have been set for what type of substances? a. Those that are in the "aesthetics" category b. Those that may be objectionable to a large number people c. Those that may cause an adverse thermal impact on consumers d. Those that may result in a risk to the health of humans

d. Those that may result in a risk to the health of humans

966. How are high water pump discharge pressures in well applications overcome when applying chlorine? a. Apply chlorine to the suction side of pump b. Drop the discharge pressure when applying chlorine c. Inject chlorine downstream after sufficient friction losses d. Use a chlorine booster pump

d. Use a chlorine booster pump

778. What could be the cause of high pressure in a pump discharge line? a. Broken water line b. Excessive water use c. Pump shut down d. Valve failure

d. Valve failure

579. Current meters are also known as a. Venturi meters b. Insertion meters c. Orifice meters d. Velocity meters

d. Velocity meters

42. Centrifugal pump parts include a. Diaphragm b. Piston c. Rotor d. Volute

d. Volute

633. Which of the following must be replaced when connecting a new chlorine cylinder? a. Air and water regulator b. Needle valve and seat c. Pressure regulator d. Washer

d. Washer

622. What is pressure head caused by? a. Water flow b. Water pressure c. Gauge pressure d. Water elevation

d. Water elevation

788. What problem could develop if a pump is stopped suddenly? a. Cavitation damage could result b. Pump vibrations could continue c. Water demands might not be met d. Water hammer damage could result

d. Water hammer damage could result

161. What does the term surface runoff refer to? a. Rainwater that soaks in the ground b. Rain that returns to the atmosphere from the earth's surface c. Surface water that overflows the banks of the rivers during flood stage d. Water that flow into rivers after rainfall

d. Water that flow into rivers after rainfall

197. What is the correct formula for determining watts? a. Watts= volts/amps b. Watts= (horsepower)( ohms) c. Watts= resistance/volts d. Watts= (amps)(volts)

d. Watts= (amps)(volts)

992. If noise levels cannot be controlled within acceptable limits, what must operators do? a. Refuse to work in the area b. Stuff plain cotton in their ears c. Wait for noise to be reduced d. Wear approved earplugs

d. Wear approved earplugs

163. A well screen must be installed for which of the following? a. All deep wells b. Only shallow wells c. Consolidated materials d. Unconsolidated materials

d. Unconsolidated materials

940. What is a cross connection? a. Connection between two drinking water systems, one across the street from the other b. Location where two water mains are connected to form a cross c. Protected connection between a drinking water supply and a system that is potable d. Unprotected connection between a drinking water supply and a system NOT approved as safe

d. Unprotected connection between a drinking water supply and a system NOT approved as safe

764. What is a cross connection? a. Connection between two drinking water systems, one across the street from the other b. Location where two water mains are connected to form a cross c. Protected connection between a drinking water supply and a system that is potable d. Unprotected connection between a drinking water supply and a system not approved as safe

d. Unprotected connection between a drinking water supply and a system not approved as safe

729. The angle of repose is the angle of slope of a. Cut b. The sewer c. Trench excavation d. Unsupported loose soil

d. Unsupported loose soil

307. If too much potassium permanganate is used to treat water a. The sodium level will increase b. Disinfection will not be necessary c. All contaminants are removed d. The water turns pink

d. The water turns pink

885. Which of the following types of primary contaminants are considered not to be of public health importance? a. Inorganic contaminants b. Microbial contaminants c. Organic contaminants d. Thermal e. Turbidity

d. Thermal

665. In a pump, what is the function of lantern rings? a. They prevent excessive circulation of water between the impeller discharge and suction areas b. They allow slight misalignments between the pump and motor by absorbing the startup shock when the motor is switched on c. Their hydraulic balance prevents variation of the wearing force between the machined surfaces, regardless of suction head d. They allow water to be fed into the stuffing box to serve as a seal

d. They allow water to be fed into the stuffing box to serve as a seal

757. Why do wells provide water distribution system flexibility? a. They are easy to deepen to obtain more water b. They can be drilled at flexible angles under rivers c. They can be located in flood plains d. They can be scattered within a distribution system

d. They can be scattered within a distribution system

931. Why do wells provide water distribution system flexibility? a. They are easy to deepen to obtain more water b. They can be drilled at flexible angles under rivers c. They can be located in flood plains d. They can be scattered within a distribution system

d. They can be scattered within a distribution system

446. Convert 81.67% to decimal form. a. 0.8167 b. 81.67 c. 8.167 d. 816.7

a. 0.8167 81.67% / 100% = 81.67

60. What type of test kit is used to determine chlorine residuals? a. Chloride b. DPD c. pH d. Phenolphthalein

b. DPD

836. Which does not have a secondary maximum contaminant level goal? a. Nickel b. Fluoride c. Copper d. Iron

a. Nickel

117. How often should fluoride be checked a. Hourly b. Daily c. Monthly d. Weekly

b. Daily

746. What is the possible cause of color in storage tanks and distribution systems? a. Calcium carbonate b. Decay of vegetative matter c. Floc carryover d. High chlorine residual

b. Decay of vegetative matter

402. Which of the following best defines the cone of depression? a. Change in water elevation from the normal level to the pumping level b. Depression around the well of the water surface caused by pumping water from the well c. Water level in a well after a pump has operated over a period of time d. Measures distance from the ground to the pumping level

b. Depression around the well of the water surface caused by pumping water from the well

786. What should an operator do if water distribution system pressures fluctuate beyond established ranges? a. Adjust pumping rates b. Determine cause of fluctuations c. Notify consumers to adjust their demands d. Wait for system pressures to cease fluctuating

b. Determine cause of fluctuations

68. A coupon test installation in a distribution system is used to a. Determine the system's water quality b. Determine the rate of scaling or corrosion c. Calculate the daily treatment changes d. Assist in calculating hydrant flows

b. Determine the rate of scaling or corrosion

311. The filter medium in DE filter is a. Dielectric earth b. Diatomaceous earth c. Deionized earth d. Disinfected earth

b. Diatomaceous earth

438. When present in water, which of the following will increase corrosion rates? a. Zinc orthophosphate b. Dissolved oxygen c. Silicate compounds d. Bicarbonate ion

b. Dissolved oxygen

868. Where should representative samples be collected to determine the extent of a THM problem? a. Clear well of treatment plant b. Distribution system c. Intake of treatment plant d. Source watershed

b. Distribution system

586. When using a power tool to open or close a distribution valve, it is best to a. Use low speed b. Do last few turns manually c. Do first few turns manually to loosen valve d. Use high speed

b. Do last few turns manually

39. Water leaking to the surface after operating an old valve probably is caused by a. A broken stem b. Dried out packing c. Plugged weep holes d. Incomplete seating

b. Dried out packing

736. Water leaking to the surface after operating a valve probably is caused by a. A broken stem b. Dried out packing c. Plugged weep holes d. Incomplete seating

b. Dried out packing

443. PVC pipe can use tees, elbows, and other fittings from what other type of pipe? a. Pre-stressed concrete cylinder b. Ductile iron c. Concrete d. Asbestos-cement

b. Ductile iron

442. When is the best time to conduct a leak survey? a. Night, when noise is lowest b. During low water usage c. When the ground has been dry awhile d. During periods of high water usage

b. During low water usage

871. What must be evaluated before any disinfectant is applied to any system? a. Availability of chemical disinfectant b. Effectiveness for bacteriological control c. Log removal level of disinfectant d. Solubility of the disinfectant

b. Effectiveness for bacteriological control

36. The most widely used type of primer in a pumping station is a a. Diesel engine b. Electric motor c. Gasoline engine d. Steam engine

b. Electric motor

277. The proper emergency repair kit for a ton chlorine cylinder is an a. Emergency kit A b. Emergency kit B c. Emergency kit C d. Emergency kit T

b. Emergency kit B

793. Preventative maintenance of pneumatic components in pneumatic systems centers on which factor? a. Adjusting flow rate of air supply b. Ensuring a clean, dry air supply c. Keeping conduits clear at all times d. Providing an acceptable vent system

b. Ensuring a clean, dry air supply

474. After a new water main is installed and pressure tested, it should be a. Flushed with clean water for 24 hours and put into service b. Filled with a solution of 25 ppm to 50 ppm free chlorine for at least 24 hours prior to flushing c. Filled with clean water and allowed to sit for 5 days at full pressure before turning the water into the system d. Photographed so that mapping can be avoided until the system is complete

b. Filled with a solution of 25 ppm to 50 ppm free chlorine for at least 24 hours prior to flushing

756. Why is backflow a concern for water distribution system operators? a. Flow from back direction could drain storage tanks b. Flow from non-potable source could contaminate distribution system c. Flow from reverse direction could exceed maximum allowable pipe pressure d. Flow from wrong direction could cause lead and copper compliance violation

b. Flow from non-potable source could contaminate distribution system

930. Why is backflow a concern for water distribution system operators? a. Flow from back direction could drain storage tanks b. Flow from nonpotable source could contaminate distribution system c. Flow from reverse direction could exceed maximum allowable pipe pressure d. Flow from wrong direction could cause lead and copper compliance violation

b. Flow from nonpotable source could contaminate distribution system

90. How is chlorine contact time measured? a. Flow time a determined by dye tracer studies during low demands b. Flow time from point of application to point of entering distribution system c. Flow time from point of application to point of use by consumer d. Flow time through finished water holding facility

b. Flow time from point of application to point of entering distribution system

290. Which of the following has both a primary and secondary standard? a. Iron b. Fluoride c. Chromium d. Manganese

b. Fluoride

487. Fire hydrants should be generally be set back from the curb by at least a. 1 ft b. 3 ft c. 2 ft d. 4 ft

c. 2 ft

488. How many valves should be installed on main intersections? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

c. 3

67. The basic unit of electrical power is the a. Coulomb b. Ohm c. Volt d. Watt

c. Volt

393. An arterial-loop distribution system has flow from how many directions? a. 1 b. 3 c. 2 d. 4

d. 4

143. Where is a curb stop located? a. Property line b. At the main c. In the backyard d. In the middle of the street

a. Property line

777. What is the best possible procedure for a good maintenance program? a. Adequate recordkeeping b. Controlling corrosion c. Periodic screen cleaning d. Scheduled lubrication

a. Adequate recordkeeping

175. Which of the following chemicals decreases corrosion rates? a. H2S b. C0 c. CaCO3 d. 02

c. CaCO3 (calcuim carbonate)

317. What should the sample volume be when testing for total coliform bacteria? a. 100 ml b. 250 ml c. 500 ml d. 1,000 ml

a. 100 ml

422. Which of the following analytical tests is the most important? a. Coliform Bacteria b. Iron c. Manganese d. Hardness

a. Coliform Bacteria

294. What is the maximum contaminant level goal for lead? a. Zero mg/L b. 0.05 mg/L c. 0.012 mg/L d. 0.10 mg/L

a. Zero mg/L

857. The USEPA Secondary Standard MCL for fluoride is a. 1.0 mg/L b. 2.0 mg/L c. 3.0 mg/L d. 4.0 mg/L

b. 2.0 mg/L

618. What class of fire involves sodium or magnesium? a. Class A b. Class C c. Class B d. Class D

d. Class D

536. What is the chlorine residual in a system that has a chlorine dosage of 2.75 mg/L and a chlorine demand of 1.93 mg/L.? a. 0.82 mg/L b. 4.67 mg/L c. 1.75 mg/L d. 5.31 mg/L

a. 0.82 mg/L

430. Customers usually notice turbidity readings in excess of how many nephelometric turbidity units? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

d. 5

285. What US agency establishes drinking water standards? a. AWWA b. NIOSH c. USEPA d. NSF

. USEPA

849. The maximum contaminant level (MCL) for turbidity in groundwater is a. 0.05 mg/L b. 5.0 mg/L c. 0.30 NTU d. 5 NTU

d. 5 NTU

807. Alkalinity consists predominantly of which of the following? a. Bicarbonate, carbonate, and hydroxide b. Carbon dioxide and bicarbonate c. Carbonate and Carbon dioxide d. Carbonate, carbon dioxide, and bicarbonate

Bicarbonate, carbonate, and hydroxide

499. What type of motor is used when infrequent starting is required and the load needs to be brought up to speed very quickly? a. Repulsion-induction b. Capacitor-start c. Wound-rotor d. Synchronous

Capacitor-start

676.Pipe that is lined with cement mortar is protected from because of the composition of the Portland cement. a. Encrustation b. Fouling c. Oxidation d. Sedimentation

Encrustation

659. The movement of fluid in a particular direction in smooth, continuous, nonturbulent parallel layers that do not mix with each other is called a. Flow equalization b. Kinetic flow c. Laminar flow d. Steady flow

Laminar flow

435. Which type of butterfly valve connection is best to use underground? a. Mechanical joint b. Flanged joint c. Lug wafer joint d. Checkjoint

Lug wafer joint

560. An employee receives an hourly wage of $13.25 plus overtime pay of 1.5 times the hourly wage. Overtime pay is given for each hour worked over 40 hours per week. If an employee works 48 hours during a week, what is the compensation before taxes? a. $159 b. $689 c. $530 d. $848

OT = $13.25 x 1.5 = $19.875 Reg Hours $13.25 x 40 = $530 OT hours $19.875 x 8 = $159 $530 + $159 = $689

655. Air gap separation is measured from the flood level rim of the receiving vessel to the potable water supply line. What is the minimum separation of a correctly installed air gap? a. 1 in. b. 2 in. c. 4 in. d. 6 in.

a. 1 in

222. Air gap separation is measured from the flood level rim of the receiving vessel to the potable water supply pipe. What is the minimum separation of a correctly installed air gap? a. 1 in. b. 2 in. c. 4 in. d. 6 in.

a. 1 in.

898. What types of samples are collected for the Lead and Copper Rule? a. "First-draw" samples from the cold water tap b. Grab samples from the distribution system c. Random samples of service storage tanks d. Representative samples from the clear well

a. "First-draw" samples from the cold water tap

566. Your system's current annual budget for salaries is $450,000. A 3% raise will be given to all employees next year. Calculate the salary budget for next year. a. $463,500 b. $483,500 c. $470,000 d. $490,000

a. $463,500 $450000 x .03 = $13,500 $450,000 + $13,500 = $463,500

854. The USEPA goal for contaminants is a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3

a. 0

853. The maximum contaminant level for manganese is a. 0.05 mg/L b. 1.0 mg/L c. 0.20 mg/L d. 0.3 mg/L

a. 0.05 mg/L

855. The maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) at all times for filter effluent turbidity is a. 0.10 NTU b. 0.20 NTU c. 0.30 ntu d. 0.50 ntu

a. 0.10 NTU

894. What is the required minimum chlorine residual for compliance with microbial standards for Giardia and viruses? a. 0.2 mg/L b. 0.3 mg/L c. 0.4 mg/L d. 0.5 mg/L

a. 0.2 mg/L

551. A hypochlorite solution is being pumped from a small tank that is 2.0 ft in diameter. The level in the tank drops 2.25 ft in 4 hours. How many gallons per minute of hypochlorite solution were used? a. 0.22 gpm b. 0.53 gpm c. 2.2 gpm d. 5.3 gpm

a. 0.22 gpm

569. The secondary standard for iron recommends that the concentration not exceed a. 0.30 mg/L b. 0.40 mg/L c. 0.50 mg/L d. 0.60 mg/L

a. 0.30 mg/L

636. How is the decimal number 6.1 expressed as a percentage? a. 0.61% b. 61% c. 6.1% d. 610%

a. 0.61%

540. A small tank containing 1,500 gal of water needs to be disinfected in order to be put back in service. If the dosage needed is 35 mg/L, how many pounds of calcium hypochlorite (60.5% available chlorine) are required? a. 0.73 lb b. 1.50 lb c. 25 lb d. 43 lb

a. 0.73 lb

***360. A water district is treating 1.5 MGD of sea water. The total salts contained in the sea water is 2,978 mg/L. How many pounds per year of salts are removed, if 99.3% efficiency is achieved? a. 13.5 billion lb/yr b. 18.0 billion lb/yr c. 26.5 billion lb/yr d. 37.0 billion lb/yr

a. 13.5 billion lb/yr Mass Flux Pie Chart MGD (mg/L)8.34 = 1.5 (2978)8.34 = 37254.78 lb/day 37254.78 lb/day X 365 days/year = 13,597,994.7

380. Calculate the pounds per square inch pressure at the bottom of a tank, if the water level is 33.11 ft deep. a. 14.3 psi b. 33.1 psi c. 28.6 psi d. 76.5 psi

a. 14.3 psi 33.11 / 2.31 = 14.33

51. Convert 60.5°F to °C a. 15.8°C b. 20.6°C c. 72.0°C d. 101.2°C

a. 15.8°C

516. An atmosphere is defined as oxygen deficient if it contains less than what percent of oxygen by volume? a. 19.5% b. 20.5% c. 19.8% d. 21.0%

a. 19.5%

548. The static water level (non-pumping well) in a well is 84.5 ft. The pumping level is 104.2 ft. what is the drawdown? a. 19.7 ft b. 36.6 ft c. 45.1 ft d. 188.7 ft

a. 19.7 ft

482. How many inches above the ground surface should the breakaway flange on fire hydrants be located? a. 2 in. b. 10 in. c. 6 in. d. 12 in.

a. 2 in.

359. A tank is 40ft in diameter and is 20 ft tall. If there is 140,900 gal of water in the tank, what is the pounds per square inch 5 ft above the bottom of the tank? a. 2.2 psi b. 6.5 psi c. 4.3 psi d. 8.7 psi

a. 2.2 psi 5 / 2.31 = 2.16 PSI

342. What is the chlorine dosage in milligrams per liter, if 25 .7 MGD is treated with 485 lb/day of chlorine? a. 2.26 mg/L chlorine b. 2.43 mg/L chlorine c. 2.68 mg/L chlorine d. 2.92 mg/L chlorine

a. 2.26 mg/L chlorine

448. What is the percent lime in slurry, if 12 lb of lime are mixed in a 55-gal drum that contains 52 gal of water? a. 2.7% b. 4.5% c. 5.4% d. 9.0%

a. 2.7% 12 lb / 8.43 lb/gal = 1.43 gal (1.43gal / 52 gal) x 100 = 2.75%

389. What is the recommended minimum water pressure in a distribution system at any time, including fire flow conditions? a. 20 psi b. 25 psi c. 30 psi d. 35 psi

a. 20 psi

55. The minimum pressure required in a water distribution system is a. 20 psi b. 25 psi c. 30 psi d. 35 psi

a. 20 psi

795. Generally, water should be delivered with a minimum working pressure of _____ pounds per square inch to all points of the distribution system. a. 20 psi b. 25 psi c. 30 psi d. 35 psi

a. 20 psi

252. A treatment plant is using 650 lb/day of chlorine gas. If the chlorine demand is 2.3 mg/L and the chlorine residual is 1.2 mg/L, how many million gallons per day are being treated? a. 22 MGD b. 65 MGD c. 33 MGD d. 70 MGD

a. 22 MGD demand+residual = dose 2.3 + 1.2 = 3.5 650 ld/day (8.34) 3.5 = 22.27 closest to 22 MGD

840. Under the SDWA, if the MCL for nitrate or nitrite is exceeded, notice must be given to the public by broadcast media (television and radio) within a. 24 hours b. 48 hours c. 72 hours d. 14days

a. 24 hours

399. What is the recommended minimum contact time when disinfecting water mains with the chlorine slug method? a. 3 hours b. 0.5 hours c. 6 hours d. 12 hours

a. 3 hours

242. Convert 91°F to degrees Celsius. a. 33 C b. 42°C c. 55 °C d. 74°C

a. 33 C

543. Determine the number of gallons of 12.5% sodium hypochlorite solution needed to disinfect a water main that is 24.0 in. in diameter and the pipeline is 750ft. long, if the dosage required is 30.0 mg/L? a. 4.1 gal b. 27.3 gal c. 14.1 gal d. 36.0 gal

a. 4.1 gal

103. Which of the following is the most acidic pH? a. 4.5 b. 6.5 c. 7.0 d. 8.3

a. 4.5

637. How is the fraction 35/80 expressed as a percent? a. 43.75% b. 52% c. 49% d. 75.43%

a. 43.75%

184. The highest concentration of hypochlorous acid occurs at what pH? a. 5 b. 6 c. 7 d. 8

a. 5

230. What is the usual strength of sodium hypochlorite, i.e., available chlorine? a. 5 to 15% b. 45 to 50% c. 65 to 70% d. 80 to 85%

a. 5 to 15%

371. Records for bacteriological analyses should be kept for a minimum of a. 5 years b. 10 years c. 7 years d. 12 years

a. 5 years

563. Records on bacteriological analyses should be kept for a minimum of a. 5 years b. 10 years c. 7 years d. 25 years

a. 5 years

10. The volume of water necessary to fill a 1,000 foot long section of 12-inch inside diameter circular pipe is about: a. 5,888 gallons b. 7, 700 gallons c. 2,000 gallons d. 785 gallons

a. 5,888 gallons 12 inch = 1 ft 1 x 1 x .785 x 1,000 = 785 cf x 7.48 cf /gal = 5871.8 closest to 5,888 gal

649. A 2-inch tap can be made through a saddle on which of the following ductile-iron pipe sizes? a. 6-inch b. 8-inch c. 10-inch d. 12-inch

a. 6-inch

355. Convert a solution that has 80,350 ppm to percent. a. 8% b. 800% c. 800% d. 8,000%

a. 8% 80,350 / 1,000,000 = .08035 x 100 = 8.035%

671. The pressure on a particular surface is 14 psig. If the surface area is 120 in2, what is the force exerted on that surface? a. 8.6 lb total force b. 134 lb total force c. 168 lb total force d. 1 ,680 lb total force

a. 8.6 lb total force 120 In2 / 14 psig = 8.57

533. A water tank has a volume of 2.0 MG and the flow from the tank is 5.36 MGD. What is the detention time in hours? a. 8.96 hr b. 23 .56 hr c. 12.34 hr d. 53 .60 hr

a. 8.96 hr

120. What is a horizontal strip chart? a. A type of recorder chart showing how a variable changes with time b. An electric signal c. A pneumatic signal d. Continuous monitoring

a. A type of recorder chart showing how a variable changes with time

645. "A condition that leaves an organization open to attack" best describes a. A vulnerability b. An adversary c. A critical component d. A threat

a. A vulnerability

881. How does the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) define surface water? a. All water open to the atmosphere and subject to surface runoff b. All water that is not considered groundwater c. Any stream, river, reservoir, or lake with surface runoff flow d. Water whose surface is exposed to the atmosphere

a. All water open to the atmosphere and subject to surface runoff

***752. Which factor does not influence reserve storage requirements? a. Alternate sources of water supply b. Available capital improvement program (CIP) funds c. Fire insurance regulations d. Future growth and development demands e. Standby requirements

a. Alternate sources of water supply

426. Which of the following types of valve is used to throttle the flow of water? a. Altitude b. Globe c. Tapping d. Needle

a. Altitude

744. How can water levels in a storage tank be regulated automatically? a. Altitude control valves b. Isolation gate valves c. Pressure regulating valves d. Vacuum relief valves

a. Altitude control valves

917. How can water levels in a storage tank be regulated automatically? a. Altitude control valves b. Isolation gate valves c. Pressure regulating valves d. Vacuum relief valves

a. Altitude control valves

219. Small gaseous chlorine leaks in and around a chlorinator can be detected by the use of commercial strength a. Ammonia b. Hypochlorite c. Lime d. Soda Ash

a. Ammonia

421. What is the difference between a weak acid and a strong acid? a. Amount of hydrogen ions released b. Amount of buffering released c. Amount of hydroxyl ions released d. Amount of carbonate ions released

a. Amount of hydrogen ions released

326. The flow of electrical current is measured in a. Amperes b. Volts c. Ohms d. Watts

a. Amperes

670. The lease expensive and best method of protecting against backflow is to install a. An air gap b. A reduced pressure-zone backflow preventer c. A check valve d. A vacuum breaker

a. An air gap

698. To maintain system pressure without the need for frequent changes in treatment or additional pumping capacity, a medium-size utility in a flatland area should have a. An elevated storage tank b. A standpipe c. A ground-level storage tank d. A hydropneumatic tank

a. An elevated storage tank

747. Why should underground water storage tanks never be emptied when the groundwater table is high? a. An empty tank could float and damage tank and pipes b. Tank will corrode more quickly when water table is high c. Water in tank will become contaminated d. Water in tank will mix with groundwater

a. An empty tank could float and damage tank and pipes

71. Which is the best definition of turbidity in water? a. Anything in water that scatters light b. Sequestered iron and manganese particles c. The amount of dissolved material in water d. The combined optical effect of pH, chlorine and color

a. Anything in water that scatters light

575. Which style of curb box fits loosely over the curb stop and meter? a. Arch style b. Montgomery style c. Minneapolis style d. Chicago style

a. Arch style

718. Which is not a common type of piping material installed today in water distribution systems? a. Asbestos-cement pipe b. PVC pipe c. Gray cast iron pipe d. Ductile-iron pipe

a. Asbestos-cement pipe

401. Where are chlorine samples typically collected from in the distribution system? a. At points representative of conditions within the system b. Uniformly distributed throughout the system as much as possible c. At the extreme locations of the system d. At representative points throughout the system based on elevation

a. At points representative of conditions within the system

897. Where are monitoring samples for the Lead and Copper Rule collected? a. At the consumers taps b. At the entrance to the clear well c. At the most distant locations in the distribution system d. At the raw water source

a. At the consumers taps

***989. When are covers placed over trenches? a. At the end of the day b. At the end of the job c. When pedestrians are walking near the trench d. When spoil is too close to the trench

a. At the end of the day

776. How can the delivery of constant, safe water to consumers be ensured? a. Attention to the operation and maintenance of the distribution system b. Recommend consumers boil water c. Suggest bottled water be used for drinking water purposes d. Use of clean delivery facilities

a. Attention to the operation and maintenance of the distribution system

765. What is backsiphonage a. Backflow caused by negative pressure in the water supply piping b. Backflow caused when the user's water system pressure is higher than the public system c. Siphoning water back out of a tank d. Siphoning water back under a river

a. Backflow caused by negative pressure in the water supply piping

56. Which valve is most suitable for throttling applications? a. Ball b. Check c. Gate d. Tapping

a. Ball

316. What piece of laboratory glassware is primarily used to mix chemicals and measure approximate volumes? a. Beaker b. Buret c. Pipette d. Graduated cylinder

a. Beaker

145. Why are wet taps of water mains preferred instead of dry taps? a. Because any time the pressure in a pipeline is removed, contamination may more easily enter that line b. Because leaks are easier to control c. Because less expensive tapping equipment is required d. Because operators can learn this technique faster

a. Because any time the pressure in a pipeline is removed, contamination may more easily enter that line

760. Why are wet taps of water mains preferred instead of dry taps? a. Because any time the pressure in a pipeline is removed, contamination may more easily enter that line b. Because leaks are easier to control c. Because less expensive tapping equipment is required d. Because operators can learn this technique faster

a. Because any time the pressure in a pipeline is removed, contamination may more easily enter that line

960. What is a limitation of using ultraviolet (UV) rays for disinfection of waters conveyed in distribution systems? a. Lack of measurable residual b. Lack of reliable technology c. Long start-up time for equipment d. Microorganisms become immune to disinfectant

a. Lack of measurable residual

934. Why are wet taps of water mains preferred instead of dry taps? a. Because any time the pressure in a pipeline is removed, contamination may more easily enter that line b. Because leaks are easier to control c. Because less-expensive tapping equipment is required d. Because operators can learn this technique faster

a. Because any time the pressure in a pipeline is removed, contamination may more easily enter that line

708. Polyurethane foam pigs, known as swabs, are used to clean the inside of pipes by a. Being forced through the pipe by water pressure b. Being pulled through the pipe by nylon lines c. Being forced through the pipe by air pressure d. Being guided through the pipe by a mechanical pig

a. Being forced through the pipe by water pressure

182. Alkalinity consists predominantly of which of the following? a. Bicarbonate, carbonate, & hydroxide b. Carbon dioxide and bicarbonate c. Carbonate and carbon dioxide d. Carbonate, carbon dioxide and bicarbonate

a. Bicarbonate, carbonate, & hydroxide

972. What happens when liquid chlorine comes in contact with the skin? a. Blistering b. Itching c. Scaling d. Sweating

a. Blistering

864. Copper levels > 1.O mg/L stains plumbing fixtures and laundry a. Blue b. Black c. Red d. Purple

a. Blue

110. What is a composite meter used to measure? a. Both high and low flows b. Water used to flush mains c. The flow of running water d. Leaks

a. Both high and low flows

792. What is the most precise method of measuring liquid level? a. Bubbler b. Float c. Probe d. Target pointer

a. Bubbler

498. Which type of level sensor requires an air supply? a. Bubbler tube b. Diaphragm element c. Float mechanism d. Direct electronic sensor

a. Bubbler tube

500. Which type of level sensor has contained air connected to a pressure transducer via a tube? a. Bubbler tube b. Direct electronic sensor c. Float mechanism d. Diaphragm element

a. Bubbler tube

578. What type of level sensor cannot be used where the water body freezes? a. Bubbler tube b. Diaphragm element c. Float mechanism d. Direct electronic sensor

a. Bubbler tube

748. How can ice formations in water storage tanks be minimized? a. By continuously fluctuating tank water levels b. By heating stored water c. By increasing cathodic protection d. By waiting for temperature fluctuations

a. By continuously fluctuating tank water levels

924. How can ice formations in water storage tanks be minimized? a. By continuously fluctuating tank water levels b. By heating stored water c. By increasing cathodic protection d. By waiting for temperature fluctuations

a. By continuously fluctuating tank water levels

96. What is the major cause of hard water? a. Calcium b. Magnesium c. Iron d. Manganese

a. Calcium

921. What is a possible cause of color in storage tanks and distributions systems? a. Calcium carbonate b. Decay of vegetative matter c. Floc carryover d. High chlorine residual

a. Calcium carbonate

173. Which of the following chemicals is used to soften water through chemical precipitation? a. Calcium hydroxide b. Calcium bicarbonate c. Calcium chloride d. Calcium sulfate

a. Calcium hydroxide

976. What should an operator do if the operator cannot remove a safety hazard? a. Call hazard to attention of those who have authority to remove hazard b. Inform safety compliance inspector of hazard c. Try to avoid hazard d. Warn other operators of hazard

a. Call hazard to attention of those who have authority to remove hazard

875. Why are excessive levels of nitrate undesirable in drinking water? a. Can cause infant methemoglobinemaia (blue babies) b. Can cause taste and odors c. Indicates runoff from fertilized areas d. Stimulates excessive algal growth

a. Can cause infant methemoglobinemaia (blue babies)

832. The primary health risk associated with volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) is a. Cancer b. Acute respiratory diseases c. Reduced I.Q. in children d. "blue baby" syndrome

a. Cancer

436. What type of concrete tank is made like a home basement but with more reinforcement? a. Cast-in-place concrete b. Hydraulically applied concrete-lined c. Circular pre-stressed-concrete d. Pre-stressed concrete-wire-wound

a. Cast-in-place concrete

281. What health effect category refers to an organic chemical that is a known carcinogen? a. Category I b. Category II c. Category III d. Category IV

a. Category I

523. Which health effect category refers to an organic chemical that is a known carcinogen? a. Category I b. Category II c. Category III d. Category IV

a. Category I

779. How can an operator determine that there is no power to a switch box? a. Check incoming power source with a voltmeter b. Clean contact points c. Reset circuit breaker d. Tighten wiring terminal

a. Check incoming power source with a voltmeter

61. Giardia cysts may be removed from a surface water source using which of the following methods? a. Chlorination and filtration b. Filtration and aeration c. Fluoridation and stabilization d. Sedimentation and coagulation

a. Chlorination and filtration

962. What happens when chlorine is added to water and the reaction of chlorine with organic and inorganic materials stops? a. Chlorine demand has been satisfied b. Chlorine vapor pressure has dropped too low c. Formation of chloramines starts d. Total trihalomethanes have reached peak concentrations

a. Chlorine demand has been satisfied

963. What is the chlorine dose? a. Chlorine demand plus chlorine residual b. Chlorine demand plus free chlorine c. Combined chlorine forms plus free chlorine d. Free chlorine plus chlorine residual

a. Chlorine demand plus chlorine residual

92. Why should chlorine never be injected in the intake side of the pump? a. Chlorine will cause pump corrosion problems b. Chlorine will come out of solution when passing through the pump c. Insufficient contact time will occur in the pump d. Pump impeller will cause excessive chlorine mixing

a. Chlorine will cause pump corrosion problems

713. Dry-barrel hydrants are also classified according to the type of main valve. In a standard compression hydrant, the valve a. Closes against the seat either with or against the water pressure to provide a good seal b. Is a simple gate valve, similar to one side of an ordinary rubber-faced gate valve c. Closes horizontally, and the barrel extends well below the branch line d. Is located at the ground line, and the lower barrel is always full of water and under pressure

a. Closes against the seat either with or against the water pressure to provide a good seal

13. The indicator organisms used to determine contamination of drinking water are: a. Coliform group b. Giardia Iamblia c. Iron bacteria d. Salmonella

a. Coliform group

196. Which of the following is a primary function of couplings? a. Compensate for alignment changes b. Control motor temperature c. Reduce shaft wear d. Lubricate motor

a. Compensate for alignment changes

763. What type of water meter is used when water flow fluctuates widely? a. Compound meters b. Nutating-disc (nodding) meters c. Proportional meters d. Velocity-type meters

a. Compound meters

937. What type of water meter is used when water flow fluctuates widely? a. Compound meters b. Nutating-disc (nodding) meters c. Proportional meters d. Velocity type meters

a. Compound meters

387. A main break may cause loss of pressure in the distribution system, which in tum may result in a. Contamination of the system by back siphonage b. "Ice" formation in the pipes c. Increase in chlorine residual d. Water hammer

a. Contamination of the system by back siphonage

941. Which problem has consistently caused more waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States than any other reported factor? a. Contamination resulting from backflow through cross connections b. Contamination resulting from inadequate 0 & M of treatment plants c. Contamination resulting from lack of adequate chlorination d. Contamination resulting from lack of wellhead protection program

a. Contamination resulting from backflow through cross connections

31. The rated flow of a water meter, as stated by the manufacturer, is based on ______ flow a. Continuous b. Intermittent c. Short-time peak d. None of the above

a. Continuous

517. During a confined space entry, how often must the confined space be monitored for hazardous atmospheres? a. Continuously b. Every 5 minutes c. Before entry only d. Before entry and then once per hour during entry

a. Continuously

675. Encrustation is a by-product of _____ mixed with mineral deposits. a. Corrosion b. Fouling c. Oxidation d. Sedimentation

a. Corrosion

123. Which of the following is a protozoan? a. Crypto b. Algae c. Virus d. Turbidity

a. Crypto

780. What could cause a pump to start too frequently? a. Cutoff pressure setting too high b. Impellers worn c. Leaking foot valve d. Motor bearings worn

a. Cutoff pressure setting too high

177. Which of the following should be used by an operator to test for residual chlorine? a. DPD (N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine) b. Cresol Red c. Methyl orange d. Sulfuric Acid

a. DPD (N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine)

444. Water use for peak hour demand is determined by the highest 1-hour period during one a. Day b. Month c. Week d. Year

a. Day

770. What could be the cause of a pump losing a prime? a. Defective foot valve b. Inoperable butterfly valve c. Leaky gate valve d. Malfunctioning pump motor

a. Defective foot valve

954. What could be the cause of a pump losing its prime? a. Defective foot valve b. Inoperable butterfly valve c. Leaky gate valve d. Malfunctioning pump motor e. Broken sneeze pin

a. Defective foot valve

882. What does the CT value provide a measure of? a. Degree of pathogenic inactivation b. Intensity of disinfectant c. Level of disinfection d. Strength of disinfectant dose

a. Degree of pathogenic inactivation

758. What task should be performed prior to excavating for a water distribution system? a. Determine location of all buried utilities in the area b. Estimate depth of excavation c. Investigate right-of way boundaries d. Review record plans

a. Determine location of all buried utilities in the area

932. What task should be performed prior to excavating for a water distribution system? a. Determine location of all buried utilities in the area b. Estimate depth of excavation c. Investigate right-of-way boundaries d. Review record plans

a. Determine location of all buried utilities in the area

961. What has been the primary use of ozone in the United States? a. Disinfectant b. Provide residual in distribution system c. Storage for emergencies d. Taste and odor control

a. Disinfectant

74. The treatment process designed to kill pathogenic organisms is a. Disinfection b. Oxidation c. Pasteurization d. Sterilization

a. Disinfection

568. The zone of influence is defined as the a. Distance from a well that the cone of depression affects the normal water table b. Depression around a well of the water surface caused by pumping water from the well c. Change in water elevation from the normal level to the pumping level d. Measured distance from the ground to the pumping level

a. Distance from a well that the cone of depression affects the normal water table

562. How should a supervisor handle a recurring problem with an operator? a. Document the problem in writing and talk to the operator b. Promote the operator so he develops a better work ethic c. Ask a co-worker to discuss the problem with the operator d. Ignore the situation; problems tend to work themselves out

a. Document the problem in writing and talk to the operator

214. Tubercles can form on which of the following types of pipe? a. Ductile iron b. PVC c. Asbestos-cement d. Concrete

a. Ductile iron

759. Why are hydraulic shores frequently used? a. Due to their ease of installation and removal b. There are no problems with hydraulic pressure bleed off c. They can be left installed in trenches for longer than five days d. They can be used where it is practical to slope the trench

a. Due to their ease of installation and removal

933. Why are hydraulic shores frequently used? a. Due to their ease of installation and removal b. There are no problems with hydraulic pressure bleed off c. They can be left installed in trenches for longer than five days d. The can be used where it is practical to slope the trench

a. Due to their ease of installation and removal

835. A secondary maximum contaminant level is not a. Enforceable b. Established for aesthetic purposes c. Set by EPA d. A Federal regulation

a. Enforceable

139. The purpose of sampling is to a. Ensure safe drinking water b. To gather data for applying for funding c. Present to the city council d. Test for viruses

a. Ensure safe drinking water

***644. A vulnerability assessment should be conducted a. Every other year b. Whenever new staff is hired c. Every five years d. Whenever a threat or vulnerability changes

a. Every other year

973. Who is responsible for safety? a. Everyone should be responsible from top management to all employees. b. Safety officers c. Supervisors d. Vendors of safety equipment

a. Everyone should be responsible from top management to all employees.

151. What are the two major uses of hydrants? a. Fighting fires and flushing lines b. Filling tanks for street washing and washing windows c. Construction and filling swimming pools d. Flushing sewers and agricultural

a. Fighting fires and flushing lines

720. With ductile iron pipe, the best joint to use when the installation is aboveground where rigidity is required, such as water treatment plants and pumping stations, is a a. Flanged joint b. Mechanical joint c. Restrained joint d. Grooved and shouldered joint

a. Flanged joint

186. Which of the following fluoride compounds comes in solution form? a. Fluorosilicic acid b. Sodium fluoride c. Sodium silicofluoride d. Fluorine gas

a. Fluorosilicic acid

695. A hydrant where the entire standpipe and head are below ground is called a a. Flush hydrant b. Wet-top hydrant c. Dry-barrel hydrant d. Toggle hydrant

a. Flush hydrant

494. Which of the following type of valve is used in maintaining prime to a pump? a. Foot b. Suction c. Vacuum header d. Butterfly

a. Foot

***811. Maximum contaminant level goals (MCLG) are established a. For contaminants that have an adverse health effect on humans b. When there is no known safe level of the contaminant c. Only for unregulated contaminants d. As the maximum permissible level of a contaminant in water delivered to any user of a public water system

a. For contaminants that have an adverse health effect on humans

820. A sampling waiver may be granted to a water system by the state a. For specific contaminants when a vulnerability assessment demonstrates the water system is not susceptible to contamination and analytical results of previous sampling determine a contaminant is not in the water supply b. When a system cannot afford to implement necessary restructuring changes or consolidation, but agrees to install, operate, and maintain a nationally listed variance technology c. For classes of contaminants (e.g., organic, chemical) when a system has never reported contamination by such classes d. When a utility believes that its source water is protected from particular contaminants.

a. For specific contaminants when a vulnerability assessment demonstrates the water system is not susceptible to contamination and analytical results of previous sampling determine a contaminant is not in the water supply

441. Which one of the following service line materials may cause corrosion when connected to brass valves? a. Galvanized iron b. PVC c. Copper d. Plastic

a. Galvanized iron

125. What is the first thing you check before starting a gasoline engine? a. Gas b. Oil c. Spark plugs d. Drive belts

a. Gas

593. Which of the following valves can be used to control pressure? a. Globe b. Butterfly c. Gate d. Plug

a. Globe

597. Which of the following valves is best to use in throttling flow situations? a. Globe b. Butterfly c. Gate d. Ball

a. Globe

276. Wear safety goggles when a. Handling acid b. Doing paperwork c. Driving trucks d. Measuring turbidity

a. Handling acid

209. Mechanical seals are more appropriate for pumps operating under which of the following conditions? a. High suction head b. High rpms c. Low rpms d. High discharge head

a. High suction head

114. How do you handle a ton chlorine cylinder? a. Horizontally b. Vertically c. Diagonally d. Quickly

a. Horizontally

968. Where should a chlorine sensor for a room storing chlorine be located? a. In the chlorine room near potential leaks b. In the chlorine room near the roof c. Outside the room for easy access d. Outside the room vent

a. In the chlorine room near potential leaks

171. As water temperature increases, the disinfection action of chlorine will a. Increase b. Decrease c. Double d. Indeterminate as it also depends on the pH

a. Increase

677. In-situ epoxy resin relining is best suited for pipes made of what materials? a. Iron and steel b. Cement and concrete c. Polyvinyl chloride and high-density polyethylene d. Fiberglass and epoxy

a. Iron and steel

153. What causes "Red Water"? a. Iron bacteria b. Industry dye c. Hydrogen sulfide d. Algae

a. Iron bacteria

106. Where should chlorine tanks be stored a. Isolated b. In the room with the rotameter c. In the break room d. Next to the filters

a. Isolated

700. What is the function of an altitude valve on an elevated water storage tank? a. It automatically shuts off flow to the tank when the water level approaches the overflow point b. It allows air to enter the tank when water is draining from the tank; preventing a vacuum that could collapse the tank c. It measures the level of water in the tank d. It opens to release excess water if water-level controls fail

a. It automatically shuts off flow to the tank when the water level approaches the overflow point

286. How is a public water system defined? a. Must have at least 15 service connections or serve at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days per year b. Must have at least 25 service connections or serve at least 50 individuals daily at least 60 days per year c. Must have at least 50 service connections or serve at least 100 individuals daily at least 60 days per year d. Must have at least 75 service connections or serve at least 300 individuals daily at least 60 days per year

a. Must have at least 15 service connections or serve at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days per year

364. What information must be on a warning tag attached to a switch that has been locked out? a. Name of the person who locked out the switch b. Exact time the switch was locked out c. Date the switch can be unlocked d. Name of shift supervisor

a. Name of the person who locked out the switch

301. What is the cathode? a. Negative pole of an electrolytic cell or system b. Positive pole of an electrolytic cell or system c. Negative pole of a polyelectrolyte d. Positive pole of a polyelectrolyte

a. Negative pole of an electrolytic cell or system

822. For water systems analyzing at least 40 samples per month to comply with the Total Coliform Rules, a. No more than 0.5 percent of monthly samples may be positive b. Any positive sample requires an analysis for E. coli or fecal coliform c. No more than one sample per month may be positive d. Repeat samples must be collected within 48 hours

a. No more than 0.5 percent of monthly samples may be positive

479. How much space should there be between the shoring and the sides of the excavation? a. None b. 2 in. c. 1 in. d. 3 in.

a. None

48. What federal law is designed to protect the safety and health of operators? a. OSHA b. FMLA c. FLSA d. ADEA

a. OSHA

602. Which of the following is a measure of a material 's opposition to the flow of electric current? a. Ohms b. Volts c. Amperes d. Watts

a. Ohms

887. Disinfection by-products, herbicides, pesticides, solvents, and trihalomethanes are what type of contaminants? a. Organic b. Inorganic c. Radiological d. Microbiological

a. Organic

129. Water flows in pipes under pressure are measured by a. Orifice meters b. Palmer-Bowlus meters c. Parshall flumes d. Weirs

a. Orifice meters

126. Where is the respiratory air pack located in the water plant? a. Outside the chlorine room b. Just inside the chlorine room c. Next to the scrubber d. Outside the lab door

a. Outside the chlorine room

225. During a routine inspection on a centrifugal pump, the operator notices that the bearings are excessively hot. Which of the following is the most likely caused? a. Over lubrication b. Speed being too slow c. Worn impeller d. Worm packing

a. Over lubrication

212. Opening the discharge valve one full turn on a chlorine cylinder will a. Permit maximum discharge b. Allow a small flow c. Not be enough for efficient operation d. Not be safe

a. Permit maximum discharge

157. Where would a compressor have a tendency to lose oil? a. Piping and fittings b. Air filters c. Oil cup d. Dipstick

a. Piping and fittings

411. Which type of piping is most resistant to corrosion? a. Plastic b. Concrete c. Stainless Steel d. Asbestos-cement

a. Plastic

423. Fuel oils, gasoline, and other organic compounds may permeate which type of piping? a. Plastic b. Asbestos-cement c. Fiberglass d. Concrete

a. Plastic

132. What term describes water that is suitable for drinking? a. Potable b. Palatable c. Colorless d. Clean

a. Potable

634. Adding chlorine to water for disinfection may also form a. Potentially harmful disinfection by -products b. Disinfection by-products precursors c. Organic pesticides d. Biological toxins

a. Potentially harmful disinfection by products

576. What is the term for the height to which a column of water will rise in a well? a. Potentiometric surface b. Groundwater level c. Piezometric surface d. Residual drawdown

a. Potentiometric surface

210. Which of the following valves is most suitable for a throttling application? a. Pressure reducing b. Check c. Gate d. Air-relief

a. Pressure reducing

50. The purpose of a GFI is to: a. Prevent electrical shock in a wet or damp environment b. Ground all electrical equipment c. Replace a fuse d. Take the place of a circuit breaker

a. Prevent electrical shock in a wet or damp environment

582. What type of meter determines the total flow by multiplying the flow through the meter by a factor? a. Proportional b. Magnetic c. Insertion d. Current

a. Proportional

95. How would you detect a chlorine leak? a. Puffs from a bottle of ammonia will identify location of leak b. Pour ammonia solution directly on valve c. Sniff where you think it's leaking d. Sprinkle DPD on fusible plug

a. Puffs from a bottle of ammonia will identify location of leak

229. At a pumping station equipped with a centrifugal pump, which of the following can cause the discharge pressure to suddenly increase and the discharge quantity to suddenly decrease? a. Pump control valve malfunctioned b. Suction valve closed c. Pump amperage was decreased d. Voltage was suddenly increased

a. Pump control valve malfunctioned

686. What is the purpose of cathodic protection? a. Reduce or prevent the effects of corrosion on buried metal pipes and tanks b. Prevent short circuiting and electrical shock c. Protect the cathodes in a streaming current d. Coat the exterior of a pipe

a. Reduce or prevent the effects of corrosion on buried metal pipes and tanks

98. When an indicator light will not come on even though the instrument has been repaired what could you do? a. Replace the bulb b. Call an electrician c. Get a new instrument d. Ignore the problem if the instrument is working properly

a. Replace the bulb

112. Water in the settling basin looks milky. What could be the problem? a. Too much alum b. Not enough alum c. Low chlorine residual d. A milk leak

a. Too much alum

704. Cathodic protection a. Reverses the flow of electrical current in the water that tends to dissolve iron from the tank surface and cause rust and corrosion b. Provides relatively uniform water pressure and allows the supply pump to operate in relatively long cycles c. Helps a tank withstand alternate wet and dry periods d. Reduces the amount of cracking in cast-in-place concrete tanks

a. Reverses the flow of electrical current in the water that tends to dissolve iron from the tank surface and cause rust and corrosion

49. What federal law regulates public water supplies? a. Safe Drinking Water Act b. Clean Water Act c. Taft-Hartley Act d. Standard Methods

a. Safe Drinking Water Act

495. What type of cleaning plug has hardened steel or silicon carbide wire brushes? a. Scraping pig b. Bare pig c. Coated pig d. Drying pig

a. Scraping pig

362. Which of the following is a method of preventing trench cave-in during pipe installation? a. Sloping b. Sequestering c. Scanning d. Surging

a. Sloping

305. The process of cathodic protection can be used to reduce or prevent corrosion by protecting metal parts exposed to a. Soil b. Chloramine c. Permafrost d. Excessive Turbidity

a. Soil

409. Interior copper tubing is usually joined by a. Solder b. Compression c. Flare d. Union

a. Solder

--594. What type of motor requires no windings and has low starting torque? a. Split-case **or Split phase??** b. Squirrel cage c. Repulsion-induction d. Capacitor-start

a. Split-case

492. What type of motor is the simplest of all AC motors, with rotors consisting of a series of bars placed in slots? a. Squirrel-cage b. Wound-rotor c. Capacitor-start d. Synchronous

a. Squirrel-cage

843. Where are coliform organisms most likely to be found? a. Surface water supplies b. Ground water supplies c. In the intestinal tracts of warm-blooded animals d. Small, warm pools of rainwater

a. Surface water supplies

577. Which of the following determines the number of samples that must be collected for utilities that are monitoring for lead and copper for the first time? a. System size b. Type of source water c. Amount of water produced d. Area served

a. System size

158. How do you measure the speed of a motor? a. Tachometer b. Trip meter c. Odometer d. Speedometer

a. Tachometer

923. Why should underground water storage tanks never be emptied when the groundwater table is high? a. Tank could float and damage tank and pipes b. Tank will corrode more quickly when water table is high c. Water in tank will become contaminated d. Water in tank will mix with groundwater

a. Tank could float and damage tank and pipes

141. Where should thrust blocks be installed? a. Tees and bends b. Beginning of the line c. On the pipe itself d. Only on one side

a. Tees and bends

501. What type of instrumentation should be used to monitor distant locations? a. Telemetry systems b. Satellite systems c. Relay systems d. Progressive scan systems

a. Telemetry systems

191. The quantity of oxygen that can remain dissolved in water is related to a. Temperature b. pH c. Turbidity d. Alkalinity

a. Temperature

809. The four categories of water characteristics are a. Temperature, turbidity, color, tastes and odors b. Physical, chemical, biological, radiological c. Source, volume, flow, pressure d. PH, hardness, temperature, turbidity

a. Temperature, turbidity, color, tastes and odors

895. How do water temperature conditions influence the effectiveness of chlorine as a disinfectant? a. The higher the temperature the more efficient the disinfectant b. The lower the temperature the easier to disinfect the water c. The warmer the water the less the dissipation rate of chlorine into the atmosphere d. The warmer the water the longer the required contact time

a. The higher the temperature the more efficient the disinfectant

838. A grab sample represents a. The quality of the water at the time the sample was taken b. Approximately 2 L of water c. A time-proportional sample d. A flow-proportional sample

a. The quality of the water at the time the sample was taken

816. What can a Langelier index of -0.9 indicate? a. The water is scale forming b. The water is corrosive c. The water is stable d. The water is turbid

a. The water is scale forming

292. Which of the following violations is considered the most serious? a. Tier I b. Tier I-A c. Tier II d. Tier II-A

a. Tier I

967. Why should the water supply pump be turned off while the hypochlorinator is shut down for a short duration? a. To avoid pumping unchlorinated water into the distribution system b. To avoid wasting any water c. To prevent damage to the hypochlorinator d. To prevent diluting the hypochlorite feed solution

a. To avoid pumping unchlorinated water into the distribution system

***705. Why are fire hydrant caps commonly color coded? a. To indicate main pressure b. To conform to city design parameters c. To indicate the hydrant flow capacity d. Minimize water hammer

a. To indicate main pressure

137. The most important thing about couplings between the motor and pump is a. To maintain proper alignment b. Clean the shaft once a month c. Replace the bearings regularly d. Repair them once per year

a. To maintain proper alignment

999. Why is surface wash used during backwashing? a. To prevent mudballs b. To provide a backup backwash system c. To reduce backwash water requirements d. To wash walls of filters

a. To prevent mudballs

751. What is the main function of a regulator station? a. To reduce pressure and maintain an even pressure downstream from a high-pressure system b. To regulate the flows in a water distribution system to avoid high flows which can cause cavitation damage c. To regulate the flows in a water distribution system to prevent dead ends d. To station facilities in distribution systems where regulation is needed or required

a. To reduce pressure and maintain an even pressure downstream from a high-pressure system

626. Given the following data for lead concentrations find the 90th percentile. 0.010 mg/L 0.017 mg/L 0.005 mg/L 0.006 mg/L 0.011 mg/L 0.010 mg/L a. 0.006 mg/L b. 0.017 mg/L c. 0.010 mg/L d. 0.019 mg/L 0.013 mg/L

b. 0.017 mg/L Arrange concentrations in numerical order 0.005, 0.006, 0.008, 0.009, 0.010, 0.010, 0.011, 0.017, 0.019 Percentile X Number of concentrations .9 x 8 = 7.2 count to the 7th number 0.005, 0.006, 0.008, 0.009, 0.010, 0.010, 0.011, therefore 0.017 is the 90th percentile

374. Under the National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations, what is the secondary maximum contaminant level for iron (Fe)? a. 0.03 mg/L b. 0.3 mg/L c. 0.05 mg/L d. 0.015 mg/L

b. 0.3 mg/L

716. The flow rate in a water line is 2.3 cfs. What is the flow rate expressed as gallons per minute? a. 18.5 gpm b. 1,032 gpm c. 3,.096 gpm d. 55.4 gpm

b. 1,032 gpm Formula sheet 1 mgd = 1.55 cfs 2.3 cfs / 1.55 cfs = 1.484 * 1000000 = 1,483870.9 mgd 1,483870.9 mgd / 1440 sec = 1030.5 closest to

553. Your department uses 80 units of an item per week. You are required to maintain a 10-week reserve of this item at all times and it requires 4 weeks to obtain a new supply. What is the minimum reorder point? a. 320 units b. 1,120 units c. 800 units d. 2,240 units

b. 1,120 units

297. Your department uses 80 units of an item per week. You are required a 10 week reserve of this item at all times and requires 4 weeks to obtain a new supply. what is the reorder point? a. 320 units b. 1,120 units c. 800 units d. 2,240 units

b. 1,120 units 80 x 10 = 800 80 x 4 = 320 800 + 320 = 1,120 units

251. What is the approximate number of pounds per day of liquid alum, if the flow rate is 8.2 MGD and the dosage is 12 mg/L? The purity of the alum is 49%. a. 17 lb/day b. 1,700 lb/day c. 170 lb/day d. 17,000 lb/day

b. 1,700 lb/day 8.2 (8.34) 12 = 820.66 / .49 = 1674.81 which is closest to 1,700

614. What is the secondary maximum contaminant level for copper? a. 0.1 mg/L b. 1.0 mg/L c. 0.5 mg/L d. 2.0 mg/L

b. 1.0 mg/L

244. What is the average million gallons per day production for a treatment plant given the following data? NOTE: All measured values were to the nearest 0.1 MGD. Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 a. 1.7 MGD b. 1.8 MGD c. 1.9 MGD d. 2.0 MGD

b. 1.8 MGD (2.1+2.0+1.8+1.7+1.7+1.6+1.4) = 12.3 MGD / 7 = 1.757 = 1.8 MGD

546. A well produces 162 gpm. The drawdown for the well is 16 ft. Calculate the specific yield in gallons per minute per foot. a. 2 gpm/ft b. 10 gpm/ft c. 5 gpm/ft d. 16 gpm/ft

b. 10 gpm/ft

295. Records of chemical analyses should be kept for a minimum of a. 5 years b. 10 years c. 7 years d. 20 years

b. 10 years

507. AWWA recommends 5/8-inch meters be tested every a. 5 years b. 10 years c. 8 years d. 20 years

b. 10 years

558. Records on turbidity analyses should be kept for a minimum of a. 5 years b. 10 years c. 7 years d. 25 years

b. 10 years

642. Records of chemical analyses should be kept for a minimum of a. 5 years b. 10 years c. 7 years d. 20 years

b. 10 years

531. A water tank with a capacity of 3.0 MG is being filled at a rate of 4,810 gpm. How many hours will it take to fill the tank? a. 1.4 hours b. 10.4 hours c. 3.0 hours d. 28.8 hours

b. 10.4 hours 4810 x 1440 = 6926400 MGD 3,000,000 / 6926400 = 0.433 0.433 day * 24 hrs/day = 10.39 hours

357. Water flowing through a full pipeline has a velocity of 4.6 fps. If the flow through the pipe is 1.6 cfs, what is the diameter in inches of the pipeline? a. 4 in. b. 8 in. c. 6 in. d. 10 in.

b. 8 in. Elimination... Maybe an easier way..but this works 4 in = .33= (.33x.33x.785) = .085 x 4.6 = 0.39 6 in = .5 = (.5x.5x.785) = .196 x 4.6 = .903 8 in = .67 = (.67x.67x.785) = .352 x 4.6 = 1.62 ** 10 in = .83 = (.83x.83x.785) = .541 x 4.6 = 2.49

478. What is AWWA's recommended maximum distance between valves in a residential area? a. 250 ft b. 800 ft c. 500 ft d. 1,000 ft

b. 800 ft

296. A water system collects 180 samples for coliform testing. What is the maximum number of samples that may test positive so that the system stays in compliance? a. 2 b. 9 c. 4 d. 12

b. 9 5% of samples 180 x 5% = 9

309. Which of the following best defines adsorption? a. Assimilation of one substance into the body of another by molecular or chemical action b. Adhesion of a gas, liquid, or dissolved substance onto the surface or interface zone of another substance c. Converting small particles of suspended solids into larger particles by the use of chemicals d. Chemical complexing of metallic cations with certain inorganic compounds

b. Adhesion of a gas, liquid, or dissolved substance onto the surface or interface zone of another substance

304. When should ammonia be added to the water when making disinfectant chloramines to improve disinfection? a. Before the chlorine is added b. After the chlorine is added c. During filtration d. After filtration

b. After the chlorine is added

88. When should existing wells be disinfected? a. After an intense, long duration storm b. After well or pump repairs c. Every year d. Never, existing wells don't need to be disinfected

b. After well or pump repairs

146. Why can air become a problem in a water main? a. Air can cause water hammer b. Air can collect and stop the flow of water completely c. Air can dissolve in the water and cause super saturation d. An air vacuum can cause the main to collapse

b. Air can collect and stop the flow of water completely

761. Why can air become a problem in a water main? a. Air can cause water hammer b. Air can collect and stop the flow of water completely c. Air can dissolve in the water and cause supersaturation d. An air vacuum can cause the main to collapse

b. Air can collect and stop the flow of water completely

935. Why can air become a problem in a water main? a. Air can cause water hammer b. Air can collect and stop the flow of water completely c. Air can dissolve in the water and cause supersaturation d. An air vacuum can cause the main to collapse

b. Air can collect and stop the flow of water completely

821. What is a pathogen? a. A microscopic unicellular organism having a rigid cell wall b. An organism that can cause sickness in humans c. A type of bacteria that lives on other living organisms without serving any useful purpose to those organisms d. A small one-celled organism that lacks a cell wall

b. An organism that can cause sickness in humans

217. Mechanical seals need replacement when leakage occurs from which of the following? a. Pump body b. Around the shaft c. Volute d. Slinger ring

b. Around the shaft

155. Air relief valves should be installed a. Before a check valve b. At high points on the system c. At system low points d. After all gate valves

b. At high points on the system

766. What is back pressure? a. Backflow caused by a negative pressure in the water supply piping b. Backflow caused when the user's water system pressure is higher than the public system c. Pressure back up the distribution system in a water main d. Pressure back up the distribution system in a water storage reservoir

b. Backflow caused when the user's water system pressure is higher than the public system

***654. Vacuum breakers are designed to be used on piping connections where a. System pressure may be less than atmospheric b. Backpressure will not exist c. System pressure may be less than the customer's device pressure but not less than atmospheric d. Backpressure will occur

b. Backpressure will not exist

802. Chlorine neutralization is necessary when a treated water sample is to be analyzed for a. Iron b. Bacteria c. Manganese d. Nitrate

b. Bacteria

508. What is the term for electrochemical corrosion caused by the joining of two different metals? a. Concentration cell corrosion b. Bimetallic corrosion c. Tuberculation corrosion d. Pitting corrosion

b. Bimetallic corrosion

863. Manganese levels >0.05 mg/L stains plumbing fixtures and laundry a. Blue b. Black c. Red d. Purple

b. Black

109. What is hypochlorite? a. A form of chlorine using only gas b. Bleach and HTH c. A chemical compound used to test chlorine residual d. A chemical test to determine chlorine demand

b. Bleach and HTH

684. Some fire hydrants are equipped with a pet cock or tapping-plug to a. Prevent water from reversing direction and flowing back into the distribution system b. Bleed air from the hydrant before pressure testing c. Regulate the flow of water through the hydrant d. Determine the velocity of the water discharging from the nozzle

b. Bleed air from the hydrant before pressure testing

762. What happens to a nutating-disc meter when the water freezes? a. Automatic solenoid comes on and melts ice b. Bottom plate breaks away to prevent damage c. Meter under registers flow d. Upstream pipe bursts

b. Bottom plate breaks away to prevent damage

936. What happens to a nutating-disc meter when the water freezes? a. Automatic solenoid comes on and melts ice b. Bottom plate breaks away to prevent damage c. Meter under registers flow d. Upstream pipe bursts

b. Bottom plate breaks away to prevent damage

188. The capability of a water or chemical solution to resist a change in pH is called a. Chlorine demand b. Buffering capacity c. Langelier Saturation Index d. Zeta potential

b. Buffering capacity

656. A shutoff valve in a water service line buried near the customer's property line is called a a. Gate valve b. Curb stop c. Corporation stop d. Service valve

b. Curb stop

952. How can operators become aware of cross-contamination hazards? a. By examining records ofhazardous chemicals delivered to industries b. By gaining a knowledge of industries that typically have contaminated water supplies through cross connections c. By investigating the sources of cross-connection complaints from consumers d. By learning the locations of cross connections in typical industries

b. By gaining a knowledge of industries that typically have contaminated water supplies through cross connections

377. Which of the following is a measure of the smoothness of a pipe? a. S factor b. C value c. Hazen- Williams formula d. T factor

b. C value

299. Hard water scale is usually caused by a. Calcium bicarbonate b. Calcium carbonate c. Magnesium bicarbonate d. Magnesium carbonate

b. Calcium carbonate

893. What does the alkalinity of water indicate? a. Ability of water to form floes b. Capacity of water to neutralize acids c. Particle removal effectiveness d. pH of a water

b. Capacity of water to neutralize acids

204. What is the most probable cause of a pinging sound coming from a pump? a. Descaling b. Cavitation c. Corrosion d. Hardness

b. Cavitation

588. What type of pump has rotating impellers within a pump case? a. Axial-flow b. Centrifugal c. Jet d. Mixed-flow

b. Centrifugal

573. Which of the following best defines the term drawdown? a. Water level in a well after a pump has operated over a period of time b. Change in water elevation from the normal level to the pumping level c. Distance from a well that the cone of depression affects the normal water level d. Distance from the ground to the pumping level

b. Change in water elevation from the normal level to the pumping level

515. Permit-required confined space entry requires a. Bright orange jacket, rubber boots, and gloves b. Chest or full body harness and a retrieval line c. Tool belt with flashlight attached d. Utility belt will full complement of tools

b. Chest or full body harness and a retrieval line

262. What is the most common means of disinfecting drinking water used today to protect the public 's health? a. Boil-water orders b. Chlorination c. Disinfection by-products (DBPs) d. Ozone and ultraviolet (UV) rays

b. Chlorination

907. What is the most common means of disinfecting drinking water used today to protect the public's health? a. Boil-water orders b. Chlorination c. Disinfection by-products (DBPs) d. Ozone and ultraviolet (UV) rays

b. Chlorination

509. Depending on its concentration and length of exposure, which of the following gases can cause lung and skin irritation? a. Carbon monoxide b. Chlorine c. Methane d. Nitrogen

b. Chlorine

16. The amount of chlorine actually used up in reaction with impurities is called: a. Chlorine feed b. Chlorine demand c. Chlorine residual d. All of the above

b. Chlorine demand

91. What is the chlorine dose? a. Chlorine demand minus chlorine residual b. Chlorine demand plus chlorine residual e. Chlorine demand plus free chlorine d. Chlorine residual minus chlorine demand

b. Chlorine demand plus chlorine residual

105. What is the most commonly used form of chlorine in the distribution system? a. HTH b. Chlorine gas c. Bleach d. Chlorine dioxide

b. Chlorine gas

510. What class of fire involves electrical equipment? a. Class A b. Class C c. Class B d. Class D

b. Class C

200. Water hammer is most likely caused by a. Dissolved gases in the water b. Closing a valve too fast c. Tuberculation d. Ruptured water line

b. Closing a valve too fast

40. Water hammer is most likely caused by a. Air in the water b. Closing a valve too fast c. Hardness of the water d. Too much water in a reservoir

b. Closing a valve too fast

280. Which of the following substances pose an immediate health threat whenever standards are exceeded? a. Benzene and mercury b. Coliform and nitrate c. Mercury and coliform d. Lead and nitrate

b. Coliform and nitrate

803. Which of the following substances pose an immediate health threat whenever standards are exceeded? a. Benzene and mercury b. Coliform and nitrate c. Mercury and coliform d. Lead and nitrate

b. Coliform and nitrate

192. What is apparent color? a. Color in a sample after it is filtered b. Color in a sample before it is filtered c. Color in a sample after it is disinfected d. Color in a sample before it is disinfected

b. Color in a sample before it is filtered

800. What is apparent color? a. Color in a sample after it is filtered b. Color in a sample before it is filtered c. Color in a sample after it is disinfected d. Color in a sample before it is disinfected

b. Color in a sample before it is filtered

131. A record containing the size, location, and ties of water mains; valves; hydrants; tanks; reservoirs; and pump stations is called a a. Road atlas b. Comprehensive map c. System atlas d. Charles atlas

b. Comprehensive map

572. Where is the most common location of leaks on old service connections? a. Household plumbing b. Connections on the curb stop c. Connections to the gate valve d. Pressure regulator

b. Connections on the curb stop

946. How can the water supplier's management and operators meet their legal responsibility for delivering safe water to the consumers? a. Development of an equitable rate structure b. Conscientious operation and maintenance of the system facilities c. Implementation of an effective public relations program d. Organization of a cost-effective capital improvement program (CIP)

b. Conscientious operation and maintenance of the system facilities

312. Which of the following is a required treatment technique (TT) for the control of lead (Pb)? a. Ion exchange b. Corrosion control c. Lime softening d. Activated carbon

b. Corrosion control

***828. The most frequently diagnosed waterborne disease in the US is a. Giardiasis b. Cryptospordium c. Legionnaires' disease d. Hepatitis A

b. Cryptospordium

310. Under heavy loading, head loss on a manganese greensand filter quickly becomes excessive because a. Greensand grains are smaller than silica sand b. Greensand filters are smaller than conventional filters c. Greensand filters are backwashed d. Greensand filter runs are longer than conventional filter runs

b. Greensand filters are smaller than conventional filters

308. Which of the following is a difference between conventional filters and greensand filters? a. Greensand grains are smaller than silica sand b. Greensand filters remove iron and manganese by adsorption and oxidation c. Conventional filters remove iron and manganese by adsorption and oxidation d. Conventional beds must be regenerated during backwash

b. Greensand filters remove iron and manganese by adsorption and oxidation

43. In order to comply with safety regulations, all couplings on pumps must be a. Able to rotate freely b. Guarded c. Properly aligned d. Tight

b. Guarded

660. The change in static head (pressure) per unit of distance in a pipeline in which water flow under pressure is called the a. Hydraulic gradient b. Hydraulic grade line c. Hydraulic head d. Static suction lift

b. Hydraulic grade line

425. What type of concrete reservoir is constructed much like a swimming pool is rather shallow, and difficult to cover? a. Cast-in-place concrete b. Hydraulically applied concrete lined c. Circular pre-stressed concrete d. Pre-stressed concrete-wire-wound

b. Hydraulically applied concrete lined

236. Which of the following forms of chlorine has no disinfecting capacity? a. Hypochlorous acid b. Hydrochloric acid c. Hypochlorite ion d. Dichloramine

b. Hydrochloric acid

15. Determining the pH of the water is one of the most important tests of water quality. The results of the pH test indicate the: a. Chlorine residual b. Hydrogen ion activity c. Presence of coliform organisms d. Presence of iron

b. Hydrogen ion activity

313. Which of the following substances is the most effective disinfection residual? a. Trichloramine b. Hypochlorous acid c. Chloramine d. Hypochlorite ion

b. Hypochlorous acid

629. Gas chlorinators, when operated at a high rate of withdrawal from the chlorine cylinder, can result in a. An explosion b. Ice formation on the chlorine cylinder c. Emptying the cylinder too slowly d. Overheating the gas cylinder

b. Ice formation on the chlorine cylinder

880. Why are sanitary surveys conducted? a. Establish 95th percentile MPN values to meet coliform standards b. Identify possible health risks that may not be discovered by routine coliform sampling c. Search for alternative sources of water supply d. Survey consumers regarding establishment of Coliform Rule standards

b. Identify possible health risks that may not be discovered by routine coliform sampling

66. Improper rotation in a centrifugal pump may cause a. Worn bearings b. Impeller spin off c. Over pressure d. Reverse flow

b. Impeller spin off

834. What is the primary role of states that have accepted primacy? a. Setting maximum contaminant levels for state utilities b. Implementing the requirements of the state drinking water program c. Providing continued research on water quality issues d. Providing safe water to consumers

b. Implementing the requirements of the state drinking water program

84. If the speed of a centrifugal pump is increased, and the head remains the same, the gallons per minute output will a. Decrease b. Increase c. Remain the same d. Increase slightly, then decrease

b. Increase

397. Why is a well acidified? a. Take out soluble iron or manganese b. Increase the well's productivity c. Remove objectionable gases d. Remove turbidity

b. Increase the well's productivity

877. Why is turbidity of importance to public health? a. Causes bad taste b. Interferes with disinfection c. Looks undesirable d. Requires filtration

b. Interferes with disinfection

829. What is the primary criterion of an ideal indicator organism? a. It's always present in uncontaminated water, and always absent in contaminated water b. It's always present when the pathogen of concern is present c. It dies off faster than pathogens d. It is resistant to chlorine

b. It's always present when the pathogen of concern is present

156. What would cause a compressor to use oil? a. Too much air b. It's supposed to use a certain amount c. Not enough air for operations d. There is no oil in compressors

b. It's supposed to use a certain amount

321. What is the most common method used to determine if water is close to the equilibrium point? a. Marble test b. Langelier index c. Temperature d. Dissolved oxygen

b. Langelier index

502. What is the first action an operator should take if a large main break occurs? a. Call the fire department b. Locate the valves that isolate the leak c. Call the police department d. Notify the media

b. Locate the valves that isolate the leak

57. Single phasing of a motor means a. A one-stage operation b. Loss of one power phase c. An in-phase system d. Better operation for a motor

b. Loss of one power phase

79. What are the difference between a maximum contaminant level (MCL) and a secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL)? a. MCL violations automatically trigger acute violations, while violations of SMCLs do not b. MCLs relate to health effects while SMCLs relate to aesthetic concerns c. MCL violation levels may not be superseded by the state, while SMCL violation levels may d. MCLs relate to known effects of contaminants, while SMCLs relate to suspected effects of contaminants

b. MCLs relate to health effects while SMCLs relate to aesthetic concerns

***804. For surface water systems without filtration, the Surface Water Treatment Rule requires public water systems to a. Provide coagulation and flocculation b. Maintain a C x T value above the minimum value c. Continuously sample for total coliforms d. Maintain public notification

b. Maintain a C x T value above the minimum value

159. What does an amount of (4 mg/L) of fluoride in the drinking water do to bones? a. Strengthen bones b. Make bones brittle c. Mottle the teeth d. Nothing

b. Make bones brittle

866. Trihalomethanes (THMs) are formed in drinking water when free chlorine comes in contact with what kinds of compounds? a. Naturally occurring inorganic compounds b. Naturally occurring organic compounds c. Synthetic organic compounds d. Synthetic volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

b. Naturally occurring organic compounds

755. What condition could cause backflow in a water distribution system? a. Corrosion b. Negative pressure (vacuum) c. Overflowing elevated storage tanks d. Water hammer

b. Negative pressure (vacuum)

929. What condition could cause backflow in a water distribution system? a. Corrosion b. Negative pressure (vacuum) c. Overflowing elevated storage tanks d. Water hammer

b. Negative pressure (vacuum)

116. Why is a seal better than a packing gland? a. Less maintenance b. No dripping water c. Less expensive d. More expensive

b. No dripping water

213. What of the following best defines the term "C value"? a. Effectiveness of a disinfectant at a particular concentration as it relates to the destruction of a particular pathogen b. Number that describes the smoothness of the interior of a pipe c. Corrosiveness of water as calculated by the Langelier index d. Factor of the coupon weight after exposure to a water system compared to the coupon's original weight, times 100 to convert to percent

b. Number that describes the smoothness of the interior of a pipe

181. After chlorination, the free chlorine residual includes a. Cl2, ClO2 and HOCl b. OCl and HOCl c. OCl and HOCl and CI2 d. ClO2, HOCl, and OCl

b. OCl (hypochlorite ion) and HOCl (hypochlorous acid)

340. OSHA is the acronym for a. Organization for Safe Health Administration b. Occupational Safety and Health Administration c. Occupation, Safety and Health Act d. Organization of State Health Administrators

b. Occupational Safety and Health Administration

519. Material safety data sheets (MSDSs) are required for a. All chemicals used in the workplace regardless of hazard b. Only chemicals with known hazards c. Only flammable or explosive chemicals d. Only chemicals with suspected health hazards

b. Only chemicals with known hazards

221 . Packing should be replaced when tightening no longer controls the leakage from the a. Mechanical seal b. Packing gland c. Stuffing box d. Shaft sleeve

b. Packing gland

203. Pump seals can be classified as a. Balanced or unbalanced b. Packing ring or mechanical c. Flat and smooth faced or round faced d. Factory or custom

b. Packing ring or mechanical

948. Which hazard has been one of the most frequent sources of lawsuits against utilities? a. Hazardous atmospheres in confined spaces b. Parts of a meter or curb box projecting out of the ground c. Reckless driving by system operators d. Sinkholes from broken water mains

b. Parts of a meter or curb box projecting out of the ground

662. What are the two types of positive-displacement meters commonly used on customer water services? a. Venturi meters and orifice meters b. Piston meters and nutating-disk meters c. Current meters and detector-check meters d. Pitometers and magnetic meters

b. Piston meters and nutating-disk meters

468. What is the basis for the number of samples that must be collected for utilities monitoring for lead and copper that are in compliance or have installed corrosion control? a. Size of distribution system b. Population c. Amount of water produced d. umber of raw water sources

b. Population

667. Water meters that measure for relatively low flow rates are called a. Velocity meters b. Positive-displacement meters c. Venturi meters d. Proportional meters

b. Positive-displacement meters

977. What is the purpose of employee "Right to Know" legislation? Requires employers to inform operators of the a. Current agency communication system b. Possible health effects resulting from contact with hazardous substances c. Results of management decisions d. Status of proposed budget

b. Possible health effects resulting from contact with hazardous substances

205. Which of the following best describes the discharge rate of a piston-type pump? a. Constant as the speed changes b. Precise volume for each stroke c. Varies inversely with the head d. Varies with the total dynamic head

b. Precise volume for each stroke

559. What is the difference between a primary standard and a secondary standard? a. Primary standards refer to substances that are carcinogenic, secondary standards do not b. Primary standards refer to substances that are thought to pose a threat to human health, secondary standards do not c. Primary standards refer to substances that, if not put in check, will eventually kill humans,secondary standards do not d. Secondary qualities are aesthetic qualities and will only make people sick, while primary standards refer to substances that will make everyone sick and may possibly cause death

b. Primary standards refer to substances that are thought to pose a threat to human health, secondary standards do not

806. What is the main difference between a primary standard and a secondary standard? a. Primary standards refer to substances that are carcinogenic; secondary standards do not b. Primary standards refer to substances that are thought to pose a threat to human health; secondary standards do not c. Primary standards refer to substances that, if not put in check, will eventually kill humans; secondary standards do not d. Secondary standards refer to aesthetic qualities and substances that will only make some people sick, while primary standards refer to substances

b. Primary standards refer to substances that are thought to pose a threat to human health; secondary standards do not

724. Primary measuring devices such as transducers that are used to measure pressures or levels produce an analog signal that is to (of) the measured value a. The square root b. Proportional c. The inverse d. An algorithm

b. Proportional

414. Piping containing reclaimed water should be painted what color? a. Orange b. Purple c. Yellow d. Red

b. Purple

673. A mandrel is a special tool used to a. Tighten bushings b. Push in bearings c. Pull out sleeves d. Both b and c

b. Push in bearings c. Pull out sleeves

245. Calculate the volume in cubic feet for a pipeline that is 14 in. in diameter and 2,156 ft long. a. 1,975 cf b. 3,172 cf c. 2,305 cf d. 3,694 cf

c. 2,305 cf

333. What is the purpose of a bypass valve on a larger size gate valve? a. Connect a new main to an existing main b. Reduce pressure across both sides to ease opening and closing c. Increase flow through the main line d. Allow easy location of the main valve

b. Reduce pressure across both sides to ease opening and closing

623. What is the purpose of a bypass valve on a larger size gate valve? a. Connect a new main to an existing main b. Reduce pressure across both sides to ease opening and closing c. Increase flow through the main line d. Allow easy location of the main valve

b. Reduce pressure across both sides to ease opening and closing

223. Which of the following causes air binding? a. Lack of liquid in a pump when it is first started b. Release of dissolved gases in saturated cold water when pressure decreases in filter beds c. Increase in air and thus a decrease of liquid in a pump long after it has been started d. Release of dissolved gases in saturated cold water when pressure increases in filter beds

b. Release of dissolved gases in saturated cold water when pressure decreases in filter beds

122. What is CT? a. The smoothness or roughness of the interior of a pipe b. Residual concentration of a disinfectant in mg/L x contact time in minutes c. The carrying capacity of a pipe d. Chlorine feed rate

b. Residual concentration of a disinfectant in mg/L x contact time in minutes

971. What is the cause of a "false positive" chlorine residual reading from the DPD test? a. Positive coliform test results when no coliforms are present b. Residual readings taken before the breakpoint is reached c. Turbidity having the appearance of color d. Use of incorrect test procedures

b. Residual readings taken before the breakpoint is reached

570. What is the name of the pipe that serves as the inlet and outlet to an elevated tank? a. Pedestal b. Riser c. Main pedestal d. Service

b. Riser

45. What device measures the flow rate of gases? a. Parshall flume b. Rotameter c. Float d. Weir

b. Rotameter

107. What temperature should the chlorine tanks be stored? a. A little lower than the chlorinator b. Same as the chlorinator room c. A little higher than the chlorinator room d. Temperature has no effect on chlorine cylinders

b. Same as the chlorinator room

589. Which of the following responds to and displays information? a. Primary instruments b. Secondary instruments c. Automatic systems d. Control systems

b. Secondary instruments

433. Asbestos-cement pipe contains which of the following material? a. Fiberglass b. Silica sand c. Polyethylene d. Silica lime

b. Silica sand

170. Which of the following chemicals will raise pH? a. Ferric Sulfate b. Soda Ash c. Alum d. Carbon dioxide

b. Soda Ash

465. What chemical is present in a bacteria sample bottle for the purpose of neutralizing chlorine? a. Sodium benzonate b. Sodium thiosulfate c. Sodium phenoxide d. Sodium salicylate

b. Sodium thiosulfate

195. If only two rings of packing are used in the stuffing box, the joints should be a. Aligned b. Staggered c. Large d. Made of lead

b. Staggered

472. Which type of pipe is typically used in the construction of very large water mains? a. Asbestos-cement b. Steel c. Plastic d. Galvanized

b. Steel

565. What should a supervisor do if an employee is performing work in an unsafe manner? a. Discuss the incident with the employee during the next performance appraisal b. Stop the work immediately and train the employee to perform the work safely c. Call OSHA immediately to investigate the incident d. Give the employee a written warning that the work was performed unsafely

b. Stop the work immediately and train the employee to perform the work safely

208. What is the purpose of a vacuum regulator? a. Relieves excess gas pressure on the chlorinator b. Stops the flow of chlorine gas if a leak develops c. Provides a source of air to reduce any excess vacuum on the chlorinator system d. Regulate the chlorine feed rate

b. Stops the flow of chlorine gas if a leak develops

261. What are clear wells? a. Distribution system storage facilities b. Storage facilities for treated water at water treatment plants c. Wells with clear water under the influence of surface water d. Water wells with no source water turbidity

b. Storage facilities for treated water at water treatment plants

906. What are clear wells? a. Distribution system storage facilities b. Storage facilities for treated water at water treatment plants c. Wells with clear water under the influence of surface water d. Wells with no source water turbidity

b. Storage facilities for treated water at water treatment plants

201. Positive displacement pumps should be operated when a. Suction and discharge line valves are closed b. Suction and discharge line valves are open c. Suction line valves are closed and discharge line valves are open d. Suction line valves are open and discharge line valves are closed

b. Suction and discharge line valves are open

493. What does SCADA stand for? a. Statistical Calculations and Data Analysis b. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition c. Standard Computer and Data Accessory d. Sample Concentration and Data Analyzer

b. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

403. Turbidity is caused by a. Dissolved solids b. Suspended solids c. Dissolved gases d. Dissolved colored solids

b. Suspended solids

138. Wet tapping means a. Tapping a main while it is raining b. Tapping a pipe while the water is still running in the pipe c. Applying a special coating to the pipe before tapping d. Accidentally tapping a sewer main

b. Tapping a pipe while the water is still running in the pipe

432. What water quality problem is most likely to occur at dead-end water mains? A. Dirty water b. Taste and odor c. Milky water due to air bubbles d. Dirty clothes due to manganese

b. Taste and odor

257. Find the drawdown of a well, ifthe well yields 320 gpm and the specific yield is 18.2 gpm per foot of drawdown. a. 17 ft b. 19 ft c. 18 ft d. 20ft

c. 18 ft 320 gpm / 18.2 gpm/ft = 17.58 ft

***841. A public water system is required to monitor for vinyl chloride if a. PVC pipe has been used in the distribution system b. The level of any VOC detected is greater than 50 percent of the MCL c. The water system does not use packed tower aeration in the treatment process d. The system source is groundwater

b. The level of any VOC detected is greater than 50 percent of the MCL

643. The most accurate representation of an organization's core values is found in a. The employee handbook b. The organization's operating procedures c. The day-to-day behavior of the organizations personnel d. Its benefits package

b. The organization's operating procedures

846. In a test procedure using a colorimeter, a. A burette is used to quantitatively measure the amount of reagent solution needed to reach a colored end point b. The volume of reagent solution used is important because it can dilute the concentration of the colored end product in the reacted sample c. The color intensity will continue to increase indefinitely so color comparisons are always made 10 minutes after the reagent is added d. The volume of sample used is not important because results are interpreted by the color intensity rather than by the appearance alone

b. The volume of reagent solution used is important because it can dilute the concentration of the colored end product in the reacted sample

319. Primary drinking water standards require Giardia removal at a. Two log (99.0%) b. Three log (99.9%) c. Four log (99 .99%) d. Five log (99.999%)

b. Three log (99.9%)

527. Why should the operator contact area companies with underground utilities before starting an underground repair job? a. To determine if there have been recent excavations in that b. To ask the companies to locate and mark the location of their utilities in the area of the repair job c. To determine if they also have excavating to do in the area d. To ask if they will help route traffic while you are doing the repair job

b. To ask the companies to locate and mark the location of their utilities in the area of the repair job

975. Why should headlights, heaters, and all other electrical accessories be off when charging a battery? a. To avoid having to adjust these accessories during start-up b. To avoid accidental arcing of electricity near the dead battery c. To avoid using accessories that are not needed d. To avoid using all available electricity in good battery

b. To avoid accidental arcing of electricity near the dead battery

263. Why must adequate, reliable records be kept of important phases of operation and maintenance? a. To account for the allocation of resources b. To document the effectiveness of the operation c. To illustrate system efficiency d. To record training received for certification

b. To document the effectiveness of the operation

908. Why must adequate, reliable records be kept of important phases of operation and maintenance? a. To account for the allocation of resources b. To document the effectiveness of the operation c. To illustrate system efficiency d. To record training received for certification

b. To document the effectiveness of the operation

715. A hydropneumatic pressure tank is generally used a. For emergency fire protection b. To maintain pressure in very small water systems c. To maintain operating pressure in very large systems d. For seasonal storage in medium-sized surface water systems

b. To maintain pressure in very small water systems

101. Why should you have at least 20 psi in the distribution system at all times? a. To flush mains b. To prevent contamination c. To fight fires d. To provide sufficient water to customers

b. To prevent contamination

794. Why do larger pump systems usually have a low-pressure cutoff switch on the suction side of the pump? a. To control impacts from water hammer b. To prevent pump from running when no water is available c. To reduce corrosion problems d. To stop cavitation damage

b. To prevent pump from running when no water is available

384. The utility's annual average day demand is determined by dividing the a. Water use per month by the number of days in that month b. Total water use for a year by 365 days c. Water use per week by seven days d. Average day demand by the number of residents

b. Total water use for a year by 365 days

696. In relation to the street, what direction should the pumper nozzle be pointed? a. Toward the back b. Toward the street c. Parallel to the street, on the side facing traffic d. Parallel to the street, on the side away from traffic

b. Toward the street

386. Complaints of poor water quality will most likely occur in which type of water main layout? a. Arterial loop b. Tree c. Grid d. Nebular

b. Tree

323. Small and medium-size utilities are considered to have optimal corrosion control if they meet the lead and copper action levels for a. One sampling period b. Two consecutive sampling periods c. Three consecutive sampling periods d. Four consecutive sampling periods

b. Two consecutive sampling periods

526. What US agency establishes drinking water standards? a. AWWA b. USEPA c. IOSH d. NSF

b. USEPA

808. What organization establishes drinking water standards? a. AWWA b. USEPA c. NIOSH d. State health department(s)

b. USEPA

772. How can buried, nonmetallic pipe (plastic pipe) be located by electronic finders? a. Use of magnetic flow meters b. Use of metallic tracer tape (wire) c. Use of probes d. Use of ultrasonic sounders

b. Use of metallic tracer tape (wire)

956. How can buried, nonmetallic pipe (plastic pipe) be located by electronic finders? a. Use of magnetic flowmeters b. Use of metallic tracer tape (wire) c. Use of probe d. Use of ultrasonic sounders

b. Use of metallic tracer tape (wire)

113.How do you handle a 150-lb chlorine cylinder a. Horizontally b. Vertically c. Diagonally d. Quickly

b. Vertically

324. What is pressure head caused by? a. Water Flow b. Water elevation c. Water Pressure d. Gauge pressure

b. Water elevation

328. The level in a storage tank (clear well) rises 3.1 ft in 4.5 hours. If the tank has a diameter of 225 ft and the plant is producing 32.4 MGD, what is the average discharge rate of the treated water discharge pumps in gallons per minute? a. 3,408 gpm b. 15,336 gpm c. 19,111 gpm d. 22,518 gpm

c. 19,111 gpm

400. Which of the following best defines the term static water level? a. Water level in a well after a pump has operated for a period of time b. Water level in a well when the well is not in operation c. Water level in a well measured from the ground surface to the drawdown water level d. Water level in a well measured from the natural water level to the drawdown water level

b. Water level in a well when the well is not in operation

269. If ammonia vapor is passed over a chlorine leak in a cylinder valve, the presence of the leak is indicated by a. Yellow cloud b. White cloud C. Gray cloud d. Brown cloud

b. White cloud

118. How do you adjust the rotameter? a. Open the valve b. With a small knob that controls the rotameter float c. Open the faucet d. Connect the chlorine cylinder

b. With a small knob that controls the rotameter float

59. The sample bottle should be filled to ______ when collecting a bacteriological sample. a. Halfway or more b. Within 1 inch of the top c. Overflowing d. The top

b. Within 1 inch of the top

847. The sample bottle should be filled to ____ when collecting a bacteriological sample. a. Half way or more b. Within 1 inch of the top c. Overflowing d. The top

b. Within 1 inch of the top

412. Which of the following metals makes the best anode? a. Brass b. Zinc c. Cast iron d. Copper

b. Zinc

293. An employee receives an hourly wage of $13.25 plus overtime pay of 1.5 times the hourly wage. Overtime pay is given for each hour worked over 40 hours per week. If the employee works 48 hours during a week, what is the compensation before taxes? a. $159.00 b. $530.00 c. $689.00 d. $848.00

c. $689.00 Regular = 40 * 13.25 = $530 Overtime = 13.25 * 1.5 = 19.88 X 8 = $159 $530 + $159 = $689.00

356. Test results of distribution water give a pH of 8.0 and a pH of 7.5. What is the Langelier Index and what does this tell you about the distribution system in the area where it was collected? a. 0.5: A positive Langelier Index indicates the water is scale forming b. 15.5: A positive Langelier Index indicates the water is corrosive c. -0.5: A negative Langelier Index indicates the water is scale forming d. -15.5: A negative Langelier index indicates the water is corrosive

c. -0.5: A negative Langelier Index indicates the water is scale forming 8.0 - 7.5 = -.5 (Negative Index)

564. What is the action level for lead? a. 0.010 mg/L b. 0.1 mg/L c. 0.015 mg/L d. 0.5 mg/L

c. 0.015 mg/L

375. Under the National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations, what is the secondary maximum contaminant level for manganese? a. 0.03 mg/L b. 0.3 mg/L c. 0.05 mg/L d. 1.3 mg/L

c. 0.05 mg/L

283. What is the odor detection limit of chlorine gas? a. 0.1 ppm b. 0.5 ppm c. 0.2 ppm d. 1.0 ppm

c. 0.2 ppm

850. The maximum contaminant level (MCL) for turbidity in surface water is a. 0.50 ntu in 5% of monthly filter effluent turbidity measurements b. 0.25 ntu in 85% of monthly filter effluent turbidity measurements c. 0.30 ntu in 95% of monthly filter effluent turbidity measurements d. 0.03 ntu in 95% of monthly filter effluent measurements

c. 0.30 ntu in 95% of monthly filter effluent turbidity measurements

383. What is the cross-sectional area of a pipe that is 10 in. in diameter? a. 0.24 ft2 b. 0.65 ft2 c. 0.54 ft2 d. 0.79 ft2

c. 0.54 ft2

851. Filter effluent turbidity shall never exceed a. 0.20 mg/L b. 2.5 fps c. 1.0 NTU d. 25 ppm

c. 1.0 NTU

336. A well that is 374ft in depth and 14 in. in diameter requires disinfection. Depth to water from top of casing is 102 ft. If the desired dose is 50 mg/L, how many pounds of calcium hypochlorite (65% available chlorine) are required? a. 0.9 lb b. 10.5 lb c. 1.4 lb d. 44.6 lb

c. 1.4 lb

344. Flow through a channel 4.5 ft wide is 12.8 cfs. If the velocity is 1.9 fps, what is the depth of the water in the channel? a. 0.4 ft b. 1.9 ft c. 1.5 ft d. 4.5 ft

c. 1.5 ft 4.5 ft x 1.9 fps = 8.55 fs2 12.8 cfs (fs3) / 8.55 fs2 = 1.49 ft

535. A water treatment facility injects chlorine at a dosage rate of 3.00 mg/L as post chlorination. The chlorine residual is 1.45 mg/L at a distant point in the distribution system. Calculate the chlorine demand between the two sampling points. a. 1.45 mg/L b. 2.90 mg/L c. 1.55 mg/L d. 4.45 mg/L

c. 1.55 mg/L

541. How many gallons of 6. 00% sodium hypochlorite solution are needed to disinfect a 1.0 ft diameter pipeline that is 752 ft long? The required dosage is 25.0 mg/L. a. 0.92 gal b. 4.43 gal c. 1.83 gal d. 15.30 gal

c. 1.83 gal

396. Large full storage tanks are typically disinfected with a chlorine residual of_______ after spraying the walls with a jet of water containing 200 mg/L. a. 3 mg/L b. 25 mg/L c. 10 mg/L d. 50 mg/L

c. 10 mg/L

247. Calculate the pounds per square inch at the bottom of a tank for a water level that is 26.5 ft deep. a. 5.4 psi b. 26.5 psi c. 11.5 psi d. 61.2 psi

c. 11.5 psi 26.5 / 2.31 = 11.47 psi

447.Convert 0.118 to percent. a. 0.118% b. 1.18% c. 11.8% d. 118%

c. 11.8% 0.118 x 100 = 11.8%

420. What is the diameter of a tank with a circumference of a 408.2 ft? a. 31 ft b. 260ft c. 130ft d. 1,282 ft

c. 130ft Circumference = pi * Diameter 408.2 = 3.1417 * Diameter Divide both by 3.1417 408.2 / 3.1417 = Diameter = 129.93

599. What is the pressure head on a system exerting a static pressure of 62 psi? a. 27ft b. 89ft c. 143 ft d. 175 ft

c. 143 ft 62 * 2.31 = 143.22

404. A 6-in. pipeline needs to be flushed. If the desired length of pipeline to be flushed is 316 ft, how many minutes will it take to flush the line at 31 gpm? a. 10 minutes b. 30 minutes c. 15 minutes d. 60 minutes

c. 15 minutes

240. How many gallons are in 2,167 ft3? a. 260 gal b. 295 gal c. 16,253 gal d. 18,070 gal

c. 16,253 gal

415. What is the pounds per square inch pressure at the bottom of a tank, if the water level is 38.29 ft? a. 7.3 psi b. 53 .9 psi c. 16.6 psi d. 88.4 psi

c. 16.6 psi 38.29 / 2.31 = 16.57

390. Determine the volume of water in gallons for the following distribution system: Distribution pipe "A" is 1,376 ft in length and 3.0 ft in diameter Distribution pipe "B" is 833 ft in length and 2.0 ft in diameter Storage tank is 120 ft in diameter with a water height of 30.73 ft a. 73,000 gal b. 93,000 gal c. 2,700,000 gal d. 5,400,000 gal

c. 2,700,000 gal

351. Water is flowing at a velocity of 4.5 ips in an 8-inch diameter pipe. If the pipe changes from the 8-inch to a 12-inch pipe, what will the velocity be in the 12-inch pipe? a. 1.0 fps b. 3.0 ips c. 2.0 fps d. 4.0 ips

c. 2.0 fps A1V1 = A2V2 (8 x 8 x .785)(4.5) = (12 x 12 x .785) V2 226.1 = 113.0 V2 divide both sides by 113.0 V2 = 2.0 fps

630. The density of chlorine gas is about times that of air. a. 1/4 b. 5 c. 2.5 d. 10

c. 2.5

337. Water is flowing at a velocity of 3. 75 fps in a 10-inch diameter pipe. If the pipe changes from the 10-inch to a 12-inch pipe, what will the velocity be in the 12-inch pipe? a. 1.7 fps b. 3.1 fps c. 2.6 fps d. 4.5 fps

c. 2.6 fps A1V1 = A2V2 (10x10x.785)(3.75) = (12x12x.785)V2 294 = 113 V2 Divide both sides by 113 V2 = 2.60

249. What is the flow velocity in feet per second for a 3-inch diameter pipe that delivers 60 gpm? a. 2.4 fps b. 3.3 fps c. 2.7 fps d. 3.6 fps

c. 2.7 fps

542. A 2.5 MG storage tank needs to be disinfected with a 62.5% calcium hypochlorite solution. If the chlorine dosage desired is 50.0 mg/L, how many gallons of calcium hypochlorite solution are required? a. 125gal b. 1,040 gal c. 200 gal d. 1,563 gal

c. 200 gal

552.Find the total head loss, in feet, for a pump with a total static head of 19 ft and a head loss of 3.7 ft. a. 5.lft b. 15.3 ft c. 22.7 ft d. 70.3 ft

c. 22.7 ft

454. What is the circumference of a tank that is 75.0 ft in diameter? A. 150ft b. 563ft c. 236 ft d. 626ft

c. 236 ft C = pi * D C = 3.1417 * 75 = 235.6275

458. Find the area of a triangle in square inches, if it has a height of 14 in. and a base of 17 in. a. 119 in2 b. 196 in2 c. 238 in2 d. 289 in2

c. 238 in2

206. What is the total head in feet for a pump with a total static head of 19ft and a head loss of 3.7 ft? a. 10ft b. 14ft c. 23ft d. 81 ft

c. 23ft 19 ft + 3.7 ft = 22.7 ft

64. When employees are working in trenches 5 feet deep or more, an adequate means of exit, such as a ladder or steps, must be located no further than _____ apart a. 5 feet b. 10 feet c. 25 feet d. 45 feet

c. 25 feet

429.A trench that averages 4.2 ft wide and 5.4 ft in depth is dug for the purpose of installing a 24-inch diameter pipeline. If the trench is 1,287 ft long, how much soil in cubic feet will be put in the trench after the pipe is in place, assuming that the only soil left over is that which the pipe now occupies? a. 1,300 ft3 b. 4,000 ft3 c. 25 ,000 ft3 d. 29,000 ft3

c. 25,000 ft3 Trench Volume 4.2 x 5.4 x 1,287 = 29189.16 ft3 Pipe Volume (2*2*.785) = 3.14 X 1287 = 4041.18 ft3 29189.16 - 4041.18 = 25,147.98 closest to 25,000 ft3

524. All occupied trenches 4 or more ft deep must provide exits at a. 15-ft intervals b. 20-ft intervals c. 25-ft intervals d. 30 -ft intervals

c. 25-ft intervals

28. A portable ladder must extend _______ feet above the upper surface of an excavated trench. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

c. 3

***385. lf flow through a 10-inch pipe is 722 gpm, what is the velocity in feet per second? a. 2 fps b. 5 fps c. 3 fps d. 8 fps

c. 3 fps

735. A portable ladder must extend _____ feet above the upper surface of an excavated trench. a. 1 ft b. 2 ft c. 3 ft d. 4 ft

c. 3 ft

528. According to the US EPA regulations, the owner or operator of a public water system that fails to comply with applicable monitoring requirements must give notice to the public within a. 1 week of the violation in a letter hand-delivered to customers b. 45 days of the violation by posting a notice at the town hall c. 3 months of the violation in a daily newspaper in the area served by the system d. 1 year of the violation by including a letter with the water bill

c. 3 months of the violation in a daily newspaper in the area served by the system

193. After initial full-service operation, grease lubricated bearings should be regreased at what frequency? a. Weekly b. Monthly c. 3 to 6 months d. Annually

c. 3 to 6 months

335. Calculate the volume in cubic feet for a pipeline that is 14 inch in diameter and 3, 164 ft long. a. 1,167 ft3 b. 3,164 ft3 c. 3,383 ft3 d. 6,328 ft3

c. 3,383 ft3

202. A 1-ton cylinder filled with chlorine weighs approximately a. 2,000 lb b. 2,700 lb c. 3,700 lb d. 4,500 lb

c. 3,700 lb

250. If the chlorine dose is 4.25 mg/L and the chlorine residual is 1.20 mg/L, what is the chlorine demand? a. 1.20 mg/L b. 4.25 mg/L c. 3.05 mg/L d. 5.45 mg/L

c. 3.05 mg/L

231. A 71.5% calcium hypochlorite solution is used to treat 5.8 MGD. If 237 pounds per day of calcium hypochlorite is used, what is the chlorine dose in milligrams per liter? a. 1.7 mg/L b. 5.8 mg/L c. 3.5 mg/L d. 16.9 mg/L

c. 3.5 mg/L 237 lb 5.8MGD (8.34) = 4.86 x 0.715 = 3.47 mg/L

349. A well is to be disinfected with 62% calcium hypochlorite. The well is 328 ft in depth and is 1.5 ft in diameter. Depth to water from top of casing is 60 ft. If the desired dose is 7 5 mg/L, how many pounds of calcium hypochlorite are required? a. 1.5 lb b. 4.6 lb c. 3.6 lb d. 5.2 lb

c. 3.6 lb

167. Free chlorine residual values are based on a contact time of at least a. 1 minutes b. 10 minutes c. 30 minutes d. 60 minutes

c. 30 minutes

437. The pressure at the lowest bottom point of a clear well is 13.2 psi. What is the total water depth of the clear well at its lowest point? a. 23.1 ft b. 61.0 ft c. 30.5 ft d. 69.3 ft

c. 30.5 ft 13.2 x 2.31 = 30.49

555. What is the median value of the following data: 100, 300, 580, 250, 275, 335, 580 a. 250 b. 346 c. 300 d. 580

c. 300 100+300+580+250+275+335+580 = 2420 / 7 = 345.71429 which is closest to 300

348. A fluoride dose of 1.05 mg/L is desired for treating a flow of 1, 750 gpm. How many pounds per day of sodium silicofluoride with a commercial purity of 98% and a fluoride ion content of 60.6% will be required? The water being treated contains 0.15 mg/L fluoride. a. 25 lb/day b. 52 lb/day c. 32 lb/day d. 60 lb/day

c. 32 lb/day 1.05 - 0.15 = 0.90 mg/L 1750 x 1440 = 2,520,000 / 1,000,000 = 2.52 2.52 (8.34) .9 = 18.92 / .606 = 31.2 lb/day

550. A pump discharges 680 gpm. How many gallons will it discharge in 8 hours? a. 5,440 gal b. 130,560 gal c. 326,400 gal d. 408,000 gal

c. 326,400 gal 8 hrs x 60 min/hr = 480 min 480 min x 680 gpm = 326,400 gal

491. What is the maximum theoretical suction lift of a centrifugal pump at sea level? a. 10 ft b. 52 ft c. 34 ft d. 85 ft

c. 34 ft

445. Records on a pump indicate that it pumped 1,228,400 gal during the 31 days of May. Calculate the average gallons pumped per day? a. 12,284 b. 122,840 c. 39 ,626 d. 390,626

c. 39 ,626 1,228,400 / 31 = 39,625.81

725. AWWA recommends that all storage structures be completely inspected every a. 3 to 5 years b. Year c. 4 to 8 years, depending on water quality d. Time the exterior requires painting

c. 4 to 8 years, depending on water quality

314. Water is flowing at a velocity of 1.70 fps in a 10-inch diameter pipe. If the pipe changes from the 10-inch to a 6-inch pipe, what will the velocity be in the 6-inch pipe? a. 2.8 fps b. 10.2 fps c. 4.6 fps d. 35.3 fps

c. 4.6 fps A1 x V1 = A2 x V2 (10 x 10 x .785)(1.70) = (6 x 6 x .785) X (leave diameters in inches) 133.4 = 28.26 X (divide both sides by 28.26 x = 4.7 closest to 4.6

475. Chlorine ton containers at room temperature will deliver gas at a maximum rate of a. 100 lbs/day b. 200 lbs/day c. 400 lbs/day d. 600 lbs/day

c. 400 lbs/day

227. Chlorine ton containers at room temperature will deliver gas at a maximum rate of a. 100 pounds per day b. 200 pounds per day c. 400 pounds per day d. 600 pounds per day

c. 400 pounds per day

172. In order to prevent freezing, what is the maximum chlorine usage per day from a 150-lb cylinder? a. l2 lb b. 22 lb c. 42 lb d. 62 lb

c. 42 lb

418. What percentage is 34,411 of 74,818? a. 34.411% b. 74.818% c. 45.993% d. 217.42%

c. 45.993% (34,411 / 74,818) = .4599 x 100 = 45.993

***712. If disinfecting a new 10-inch (250 mm) main with 5-gram calcium hypochlorite tablets (with 3.25 grams of chlorine each), how many tablets would be required to disinfect a 40-ft (12m) section of pipe to achieve a residual of at least 25 mg/L in the main? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6

c. 5

373. What is the threshold odor number (TON) that will begin to draw complaints from customers? a. 3 TON b. 32 TON c. 5 TON d. 128 TON

c. 5 TON

610. What is the optimal maximum water velocity through pipes under normal operating conditions? a. 4 fps b. 6 fps c. 5 fps d. 7 fps

c. 5 fps`

253 . A small tank containing 835 gal of water is to be disinfected using a hypochlorite (hypo) solution. If a dosage of 50 mg/L is desired and the available chlorine in the solution is 12%, how much hypochlorite solution should be added in ounces? a. 12 oz b. 128 oz c. 50 oz d. 290 oz

c. 50 oz 835 / 1000000 = 0.000835 0.000835 (8.34) 05 = 0.348 / .12 = 2.9 lb x 16 oz / lb = 46.6 closest to 50 oz

185. Which of the following will most accurately measure 500 ml of a solution? a. 500-ml beaker b. 500-ml Erlenmeyer flask c. 500-ml graduated cylinder d. 500-ml volumetric flask

c. 500-ml graduated cylinder

801. Which of the following will most accurately measure 500 ml of solution? a. 500-ml beaker b. 500-ml Erlenmeyer flask c. 500-ml graduated cylinder d. 500-ml volumetric flask

c. 500-ml graduated cylinder

369. A household faucet must remain unused for how many hours before a first draw sample is collected for analyses of lead and copper? a. 3 hours b. 8 hours c. 6 hours d. 12 hours

c. 6 hours

545. An operator mixes 125 lb of HTH (64.50% available chlorine) with 250 gal of water. What percent is the calcium hypochlorite solution? a. 4% b. 8% c. 6% d. 10%

c. 6%

600. What is the difference in temperature in degrees Fahrenheit between the water source and the processed water in a storage tank, if the temperature of the water source is 12.6°C and the water in the storage tank is 16.3°C? a. 3.7° F b. 35.7° F c. 6.7° F d. 38.7° F

c. 6.1° F T(°C) × 9/5 + 32 16.3 x 1.8 + 32 = 61.34 12.6 x 1.8 + 32 = 54.68 61.34 - 54.68 = 6.66

6. Jack lives in Wipple Will Holler and the pressure at his house is 50 psi and his friend Billy Frank lives 3 blocks up at a 100 feet higher elevation. The tank is located at the highest point. What is the pressure at Billy Frank's house? a. 43 psi b. 25 psi c. 6.7 psi d. 93 psi

c. 6.7 psi 100 ft / 2.31 = 43.3 50 psi - 43.3 = 6.7 psi Note: Higher Elevation will have lower psi

640. What is the volume of a cylinder that is 12 ft high and has a diameter of 8 ft? a. 50.24 ft b. 75.36 ft c. 602.88 ft d. 904.32 ft

c. 602.88 ft

168. What is the typical strength of calcium hypochlorite, i.e., available chlorine range? a. 5 to 10% b. 45 to 50% c. 65 to 70% d. 80 to 85%

c. 65 to 70%

259. Water is being pumped from a water source with an elevation of 175 ft to an elevation of 232ft. What is the total head, if friction and minor head losses are 9 ft? a. 96 ft b. 78 ft c. 66 ft d. 83 ft

c. 66 ft 232 - 175 + 9 = 66 ft

***592. What is the motor horsepower (MHp) for a pump with the following parameters? Motor efficiency: 87% Total Head (TH): 107ft Pump efficiency: 79% Flow: 2.54 MGD a. 25 MHp b. 79 MHp c. 69 MHp d. 87 MHp

c. 69 MHp

459. Calculate the volume of a trench that is 363 ft in length, 3.5 ft in width, and 6.0 ft in depth. a. 373 ft3 b. 2,723 ft3 c. 7,623 ft3 d. 9,529 ft3

c. 7,623 ft3

287. What does the abbreviation DBP stand for? a. Determine by-product b. Determinate by-product c. Disinfection by-product d. Detergent by-product

c. Disinfection by-product

463. What is the average million gallons per day flow from a storage tank given the following data? NOTE: All measured values were to the nearest 0.1 MGD. Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun 6.7 6.4 6.8 7.5 7.7 7.3 6.8 a. 6.4 MGD b. 6.8 MGD c. 7.0 MGD d. 7.7 MGD

c. 7.0 MGD 6.7 + 6.4 + 6.8 + 7.5 + 7.7 + 7.3 + 6.8 = 49.2 / 7 = 7.028

417. Calculate the average pH given in the following data. 7.45 7.49 7.56 7.63 7.60 7.54 7.52 7.41 a. 7.4 b. 30.1 c. 7.5 d. 60.2

c. 7.5

405. What is the area of a trench that is 22.4 ft long and 3.3 ft wide? a. 26 ft2 b. 143 ft2 c. 74 ft2 d. 187 ft2

c. 74 ft2

346. Convert 67 lb/MG to milligrams per liter a. 6.7 mg/L b. 9.3 mg/L c. 8.0 mg/L d. 10.6 mg/L

c. 8.0 mg/L

861. The USEPA Primary Standard MCL for TTHM is a. l 00 ppb of quarterly average of samples collected b. 90 ppb of quarterly average of samples collected c. 80 ppb of quarterly average of samples collected d. None of the above

c. 80 ppb of quarterly average of samples collected

456. The pressure head at a fire hydrant is 195 ft. Calculate the pounds per square inch. a. 51.5 psi b. 101 psi c. 84.4 psi d. 195 psi

c. 84.4 psi 195 / 2.31 = 84.42

345. Find the detention time in hours for a clarifier that has a diameter of 160.0 ft and a water depth of 10.25 ft, if the flow rate is 3.86 MGD. a. 4.4 hours b. 10.3 hours c. 9.6 hours d. 14.1 hours

c. 9.6 hours 160 x 160 x .785 x 10.25 = 205984 x 7.48 = 1,534,580.8 g 3,860,000 / 24 hr/day = 160,833 gal/hr 1,534,580.8 / 160,833 = 9.58 hrs

621. If only two rings of packing are used in the stuffing box, how many degrees should the joints be staggered? a. 15 to 45 degrees b. 45 to 90 degrees c. 90 to 180 degrees d. 180 to 225 degrees

c. 90 to 180 degrees

652. How many pounds of 61 percent calcium hypochlorite are required for a 50 mg/L dosage in a tank that is 110 ft in diameter and has a water level of 19 ft? a. 135 lb b. 563 lb c. 923 lb d. 1,124lb

c. 923 lb 110 x 110 x .785 x 19 = 180,472 * 7.48= 1,349,926.8 =1.35 1.35 x 8.34 * 50 = 562.9 / . 61 = 922.82 lb

174. How many pounds of 61% calcium hypochlorite are required for a 50 mg/L dosage tank that is 110 ft in diameter and has a water level of 19 ft?. a. 135 lb b. 563 lb c. 923 lb d. 1,124 lb

c. 923 lb 110 x 110 x 0.785 x 19 = 180,472 cf x 7.48 = 1,349,927 mg / 1,000,000 = 1.35 1.35 (8.34)(50) = 563 / .61 = 922.8 lb

694. In water supply systems, head is a. A measurement of the amount of water treated by a plant each day b. A measure of the volume of water moving past a given point in a period of time c. A correlation on the energy possessed by the water at any particular location in the water system d. The force pushing on a unit of area

c. A correlation on the energy possessed by the water at any particular location in the water system

661. A tank riser is a. The column that supports an elevated tank b. A platform on top of the tank c. A pipe that serves as both water inlet and outlet d. A platfonn at the base of the water storage tank

c. A pipe that serves as both water inlet and outlet

703. Air purging is a. A method of removing volatile organic chemicals from water b. The process of adding dissolved oxygen to water c. A procedure to clean water mains d. The condition in which air has collected in the high points of distribution mains or treatment filters

c. A procedure to clean water mains

767. What is an air gap separation? a. A check valve that prevents air from flowing back into the system b. A cross-connection device with an open gap or space c. A vertical empty space that separates a drinking water supply from an unapproved water system d. An air valve that isolates a section of the distribution system

c. A vertical empty space that separates a drinking water supply from an unapproved water system

951. What is an air gap separation device? a. A check valve that prevents air from flowing back into the system b. A cross-connection device with an open gap or space c. A vertical empty space that separates a drinking water supply from an unapproved water system d. An air valve that isolates a section of the distribution system

c. A vertical empty space that separates a drinking water supply from an unapproved water system

148. What is an air gap separation device? a. A check valve that prevents air from flowing back into the system b. A cross connection preventer with an open gap or space c. A vertical empty space the separates a drinking water supply from an unapproved water system d. An air valve that isolates a section of the distribution system

c. A vertical empty space the separates a drinking water supply from an unapproved water system

25. Distribution system components from various manufacturers are compatible because of a. USEP A regulations b. ISO standards c. AWWA standards d. WEF standards

c. AWWA standards

733. Distribution system components from various manufacturers are compatible because of a. USEPA regulations b. ISO standards c. AWWA standards d. WEF standards

c. AWWA standards

46. How often should preventative maintenance for equipment be performed? a. Once every week b. After a breakdown c. According to the manufacturer's recommendations d. When time permits

c. According to the manufacturer's Recommendations

108. What is breakpoint chlorination? a. Adding chlorine until the rotameter breaks down b. Adding many forms of chlorine c. Adding chlorine until the demand has been satisfied d. No chlorine is left in the system

c. Adding chlorine until the demand has been satisfied

315. What term describes a measure of the capacity of water to neutralize strong acids? a. Acidity b. Hardness c. Alkalinity d. pH

c. Alkalinity

714. Draining water in the winter from storage reservoirs designed to meet summer demand is generally done to a. Provide water for fire-flow testing b. Provide emergency water use c. Allow replenishment to keep the supply fresh d. Float the system by providing operating pressure to the distribution system

c. Allow replenishment to keep the supply fresh

339. Lead contamination in drinking water will cause children to have a. Blue baby syndrome b. High blood pressure c. Altered mental and physical development d. Reduced bone calcium

c. Altered mental and physical development

226. Electrical demand is a. The same as horsepower b. Opposition by a circuit to passage of electrons c. Amount of power in watts required during a certain time interval d. The maximum kilowatt load during a billing period

c. Amount of power in watts required during a certain time interval

994. Electrical demand is a. The same as horsepower b. Opposition by a circuit to passage of electrons c. Amount of power in watts required during a certain time interval d. The maximum kilowatt load required during a billing period

c. Amount of power in watts required during a certain time interval

18. A substance added to water to prevent the formation of a calcium carbonate scale in transmission pipes is known as: a. A pacifier b. A passivator c. An inhibitor d. Cathodic protection

c. An inhibitor

709. The aquaphone and geophone are two mechanical devices that are used a. By tank inspection divers to communicate with each other and observers on the surface b. By customer service representatives to automatically read meters from a distance c. As acoustic listening devices to detect sound waves created by escaping water d. At remote pumping stations and reservoirs to alert operators to mechanical problems

c. As acoustic listening devices to detect sound waves created by escaping water

318. What laboratory device sterilizes laboratory apparatus and microbial media by using pressurized steam? a. Muffle furnace b. Aspirator c. Autoclave d. Membrane filter

c. Autoclave

483. Which of the following types of valves should be installed between fire hydrants and mains? a. Butterfly b. Foot c. Auxiliary d. Main

c. Auxiliary

466. Chlorine neutralization is necessary when a treated water sample is to be analyzed for a. Iron b. Manganese c. Bacteria d. Nitrate

c. Bacteria

99. Where does post-chlorination take place? a. At the raw water b. On top of the filters c. Before the clear well d. In the distribution system

c. Before the clear well

785. How can corrosion rates be measured by the use of coupons? a. By measuring the density of the coupon b. By measuring the dimensions of the coupon c. By measuring the loss of weight of the coupon d. By measuring the strength of the coupon

c. By measuring the loss of weight of the coupon

711. A valve used to help equalize pressure on a large valve, making the valve easier to open and close, is call a(n) a. Inserting valve b. Check valve c. Bypass valve d. Gate valve

c. Bypass valve

1000. What does the alkalinity of a water sample measure? a. Acidity b. Amount of carbon in sample c. Capacity to neutralize acids d. pH

c. Capacity to neutralize acids

664. Early water systems used reciprocating positive-displacement pumps powered by steam engines to obtain the pressure needed to supply water to customers. These pumps have been replaced primarily with______ pumps, which are much more efficient. a. Rotary b. Ejector c. Centrifugal d. Axial-flow

c. Centrifugal

152. A Megger is used for? a. Checking circuit breakers b. Checking electrical circuits c. Checking insulation on motors d. Checking voltage

c. Checking insulation on motors

332. What is the most common use today for a positive-displacement pump? a. Raw water intake pump b. System booster pump c. Chemical feed pump d. Filter feed pump

c. Chemical feed pump

891. Which of the following is an organic chemical? a. Alkalinity b. Arsenic c. Chlorinated hydrocarbon d. Toxic metal

c. Chlorinated hydrocarbon

272. Spontaneous combustion can occur when activated carbon is mixed with a. Sodium fluoride b. Carbon dioxide c. Chlorine compounds d. Silica sand

c. Chlorine compounds

234. Which of the following disinfectants has a long-lasting residual? a. Ozone b. Ultraviolet light c. Chlorine dioxide d. Sodium chloride

c. Chlorine dioxide

306. Which of the following disinfectants is usually generated on-site? a. Chlorine gas b. Potassium Permanganate c. Chlorine dioxide d. Sodium hypochlorite

c. Chlorine dioxide

612. What class of fire involves oil or grease? a. Class A b. Class C c. Class B d. Class D

c. Class B

726. The valve that joins a customer's service to the water main is called the a. Bypass valve b. Control flume c. Corporation cock d. Pressure regulating valve (PRV)

c. Corporation cock

408. What is the primary source of lead in drinking water? a. Lakes b. Rivers near land mines c. Corrosion of plumbing systems d. Groundwater

c. Corrosion of plumbing systems

33. In general, a pH of treated water below 6.5 indicates a. High alkalinity b. Free chlorine residual greater than 1.0 ppm c. Corrosive water d. High levels of total solids

c. Corrosive water

268. When any piece of electrical equipment is being worked on, the circuit breaker should be a. Painted when repair is complete b. Videotaped for future reference c. De-energized and locked out d. Replaced

c. De-energized and locked out

609. Which of the following best defines the term stray-current corrosion? a. Reaction between a metal and water b. Decomposition of a metal by its reaction with an acidic water c. Decomposition of a material caused by an outside electric current d. Reaction between two different metals with water acting as an electrolyte

c. Decomposition of a material caused by an outside electric current

378. Why is excessive water pressure to residential homes objectionable? a. Increases particulate matter reaching the customer b. Causes erosion of the copper plumbing due to the high velocities, giving water a metallic taste c. Decreases the life of water heaters and other water using appliances d. Causes foaming from faucets

c. Decreases the life of water heaters and other water using appliances

166. Which of the following terms is defined as the killing or inactivation of pathogenic organisms in water? a. Sterilization b. Pasteurization c. Disinfection d. Deactivation

c. Disinfection

910. What is the operator's most important responsibility with regard to safety? a. Awareness of why safe procedures must be followed b. Detection of explosive conditions inside an elevated tank c. Following safe procedures d. Learning about the hazards of working in traffic

c. Following safe procedures

73. The component of a centrifugal pump sometimes installed on the end of a suction pipe to hold the priming is known as a a. Casing b. Drain c. Foot valve d. Ventilator

c. Foot valve

945. How can the lack of dissolved oxygen in the water in a dead end cause water quality problems? a. Carbon dioxide may decrease corrosion potential b. Chlorine demand is decreased c. Foul sulfide odors are produced d. Water circulation will increase

c. Foul sulfide odors are produced

943. Which disinfectant is the most persistent and effective against biofilms? a. Chloramines b. Chlorine dioxide c. Free chlorine d. Hypochlorite

c. Free chlorine

978. Where can operators find information regarding hazardous substances? a. From health departments b. From knowledgeable operators c. From Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) d. From regulatory agencies

c. From Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

303. What type of corrosion in a water system is caused when two different metals come in contact with each other? a. Concentration cell corrosion b. Uniform corrosion c. Galvanic corrosion d. Stray current corrosion

c. Galvanic corrosion

224. The least amount of head loss in a pipeline would be the result of a fully open a. Angle valve b. Check valve c. Gate valve d. Globe valve

c. Gate valve

925. How can level measuring devices and transmitters be equipped to prevent damage or malfunctions during freezing weather? a. Antifreeze b. Fluctuating water c. Heaters d. Ventilation

c. Heaters

391. Which of the following will least likely increase soil corrosiveness? a. High acidity b. Low soil moisture content c. High alkalinity d. Presence of sulfide

c. High alkalinity

771. Which condition produces more leakage in a distribution system? a. Higher flows b. Higher fluctuations c. Higher pressures d. Higher velocities

c. Higher pressures

955. Which condition produces more leakage in a distribution system? a. Higher flows b. Higher fluctuations c. Higher pressures d. Higher velocities

c. Higher pressures

22. Ca, (OH)2 and NaOH are commonly called: a. Hydrated Lime and soda ash b. Calcium Carbonate and caustic soda c. Hydrated lime and caustic soda

c. Hydrated lime and caustic soda

180. pH is a measure of a. Conductivity b. Water's ability to neutralize acid c. Hydrogen ion concentration d. Dissolved solids

c. Hydrogen ion concentration

274. A foul rotten-egg odor from an aeration treatment unit is an indication that the source water contains a. Methane b. Carbon dioxide c. Hydrogen sulfide d. Manganese

c. Hydrogen sulfide

121. The biggest cause of compressor failure is a. Lack of air b. No pressure c. Improper lubrication d. Dirt

c. Improper lubrication

154. Tuberculation of water pipes most commonly occurs a. In PVC pipe b. In bacteriological sample bottles c. In metal pipes d. In HDPE pipes

c. In metal pipes

900. What are the health effects from sodium in drinking water? a. Cancer b. Deficits in hearing c. Increased blood pressure d. Stomach and intestinal distress

c. Increased blood pressure

34. When comparing friction loss in various types of pipes, a larger Hazen-Williams C value indicates the pipe a. Is more durable b. Is rougher outside c. Is smoother inside d. Is able to withstand a higher pressure

c. Is smoother inside

728. The total dynamic head against which a pump must operate a. Is the friction head b. Is the static head c. Is the sum of the static head and the head due to friction loss d. Must always be above the shutoff head

c. Is the sum of the static head and the head due to friction loss

21. One advantage of a gravel wall in a well is that: a. It lowers the static level b. It costs less to construct c. It allows the use of larger screen openings d. All of the above

c. It allows the use of larger screen openings

706. The main reason for using a dry-barrel fire hydrant is to a. Keep the barrel from rusting b. Allow easy maintenance of the hydrant c. Keep the hydrant from freezing d. Minimize water hammer

c. Keep the hydrant from freezing

149. What is the greatest problem for most distribution system shutoff valves? a. Excessive vibration b. Improperly located thrust blocks c. Lack of operation d. Wear

c. Lack of operation

773. What is the greatest problem for most distribution system shutoff valves? a. Excessive vibration b. Improperly located thrust blocks c. Lack of operation d. Wear

c. Lack of operation

957. What is the greatest problem for most distribution system shutoff valves? a. Excessive vibration b. Improperly located thrust blocks c. Lack of operation d. Wear e. Faulty scam shaft

c. Lack of operation

379. What is the best time to perform a flushing program on the mains? a. Spring when the weather is usually mild b. Fall when water usage is low and the weather not yet harsh c. Late at night to lessen traffic disruption and minimize customer complaints d. Summer when many residents are on vacation

c. Late at night to lessen traffic disruption and minimize customer complaints

722. lf any foreign material such as sand, gravel, and tar is present when a joint is made up, it is likely the joint will a. Break b. Contaminate the water supply c. Leak d. Weld together

c. Leak

38. Hydrostatic pressure testing is the process used to test a. The hydraulics of a system b. Thrust restraints c. Leakage in the pipe d. All of the above

c. Leakage in the pipe

732. Hydrostatic pressure testing is the process used to test a. The hydraulics of the system b. Thrust restraints c. Leakage in the pipes d. All of the above

c. Leakage in the pipes

32. On a switch that has been tagged and locked out, the warning tag must have a. Directions for removing the tag b. Name of the nearest physician to call in case of an emergency c. Name and signature of the person who locked out the switch d. Telephone number of electrical supervisor

c. Name and signature of the person who locked out the switch

215. Which of the following is a primary indicator of bearing failure? a. Leakage from packing b. Reduced pump discharge c. Noise from pump d. Odor from discharge

c. Noise from pump

284. Which of the following is the most common water complaint? a. Stained laundry and plumbing fixtures b. Objectionable appearance of the water c. Objectionable taste and/or odor d. Illnesses alleged to be caused by the drinking water

c. Objectionable taste and/or odor

734. A major break in a water main can assist the distribution operator to a. Determine the effectiveness of the system's thrust blocks b. Rid the system of air pockets c. Observe the interior condition of the distribution system's piping d. Determine if additional fire hydrants are needed

c. Observe the interior condition of the distribution system's piping

144. Where is a corporation stop located? a. Close to the customer's meter b. Property line c. On the main d. High point in the system

c. On the main

35. Generally, a valve exercising program recommends valves be exercised a. Once every 6 months b. Once every 2 years c. Once every year d. Not at all

c. Once every year

884. What is the purpose of Consumer Confidence Reports (CCRs)? a. Document costs of 0 & M for consumers b. Explain to consumers the need for compliance c. Opportunity for positive communication with consumers d. Provide regulators with operation details

c. Opportunity for positive communication with consumers

368. It is critical to have zero headspace in the sample container when collecting a sample for a. Microbiological contaminants b. Inorganic chemical contaminants c. Organic chemical contaminants d. Radiological contaminants

c. Organic chemical contaminants

991. In water distribution systems, what is the primary concern when entering a confined space? a. Explosive conditions b. Flammable conditions c. Oxygen deficiency d. Toxic gasses

c. Oxygen deficiency

133. Backsiphonage is caused by a. Excessive pressure in the line b. A small leak c. Partial vacuum in the line d. Water hammer

c. Partial vacuum in the line

848. When testing for chlorine residuals at various points in the distribution system, it is most important to a. Collect all samples before testing so that a true comparison can be made b. Collect samples for bacteriological examination at each sampling point to determine if enough chlorine is being added c. Perform each test at the time the sample is collected d. Test for pH and alkalinity at each sampling point in order to determine the effectiveness of the chlorine

c. Perform each test at the time the sample is collected

944. Which type of corrosion-control inhibitor may stimulate bacterial growth? a. Hydroxide b. Lime c. Phosphate-based product d. Sequestering agent

c. Phosphate-based product

162. The amount of water in a water-bearing formation depends on the a. Depth of the well b. Size of the pump c. Porosity of the formation d. Type of well casing

c. Porosity of the formation

278. What is the only type of self-contained breathing apparatus that should be used at water plants? a. Negative-pressure b. Zero-pressure c. Positive-pressure d. Air-pressure

c. Positive-pressure

83. The pressure that a pump must operate against is measured in a. Foot pounds b. Milligrams per liter c. Pounds per square inch d. Horsepower

c. Pounds per square inch

322. Which of the following is used to determine compliance for total coliforms? a. Most probable number procedure b. Coliforms per 100 ml c. Presence-absence method d. Heterotrophic plate count

c. Presence-absence method

30. A vacuum is formed in the chlorinator by the a. Chlorine cylinder pressure b. Pump c. Pressure differential through the ejector d. Rotameter

c. Pressure differential through the ejector

504. Which of the following valves should be used when it becomes necessary to supply water at different pressure zones? a. Relief b. Rotary c. Pressure-reducing d. Needle

c. Pressure-reducing

590. Which of the following is the best type of valve to use to dampen a water hammer? a. Pressure-relief b. Needle c. Pressure-reducing d. Pinch

c. Pressure-reducing

87. An air-gap device is used to a. Clean lines b. Let air in manholes c. Prevent backflow of nonpotable water into a drinking water supply d. Test for oxygen deficiency

c. Prevent backflow of nonpotable water into a drinking water supply

982. What is the basic requirement for an enclosed guard? a. Enclose moving parts to prevent contact with corrosive chemicals b. Guard moving parts from harmful pollutants c. Prevent hands and arms from making contact with dangerous moving parts d. Protect moving parts from damage by mechanical objects

c. Prevent hands and arms from making contact with dangerous moving parts

434. What is the primary purpose of well grouting? a. Protect the well casing from corrosion b. Seal off poor-quality aquifers c. Prevent surface water contamination from entering the water that is being drawn into the well d. Protect the casing by restraining unstable earth materials

c. Prevent surface water contamination from entering the water that is being drawn into the well

657. Meters are generally sealed at the factory with a copper wire and an acrylic seal to a. Ensure the mechanisms of the meter are airtight b. Keep them from being screwed onto a regular threaded fitting c. Prevent tampering with the meter without detection d. Serve as an electrical jumper wire between the house piping and service pipe

c. Prevent tampering with the meter without detection`

824. What does 3-log removal mean? a. The material of large materials, such as logs, in surface water b. The removal of 90 percent of a target organism c. The removal of 99.9 percent of a target organism d. The removal of 3 mg/L of a target organism

c. The removal of 99.9 percent of a target organism

837. If a water system fails to conduct required water analyses, what action will the state generally direct the system to take? a. Institute an appropriate treatment technique b. Hold a meeting with regulatory agencies c. Provide public notification d. Increase monitoring and reporting

c. Provide public notification

889. Which of the following requirements are included in the Total Coliform Rule? a. Environmental disease control agency-approved sampling b. Testing a minimum of 40 samples c. Public notification, use of 100 ml sample, and specified lab procedures d. Identification of a specific organism

c. Public notification, use of 100 ml sample, and specified lab procedures

604. Which of the following is most likely a cause of decreasing drawdown and an unchanging static water level? a. Aquifer is being pumped in excess of recharge b. Well screen is becoming worn c. Pump is losing efficiency d. Cone of depression has changed

c. Pump is losing efficiency

571. What type of ductile-iron pipe joint is quickly assembled and is the least expensive? a. Flanged joint b. Mechanical joint c. Push-on joint d. Ball-and-socket joint

c. Push-on joint

902. What is the basis for determining the frequency of flushing and the locations of flushing stations? a. Distance from the water treatment facility b. Pipe diameter and length c. Records of complaints and water quality tests d. System flushing frequency schedule

c. Records of complaints and water quality tests

361. The device that changes AC to DC by allowing current flow in only one direction is the a. Inverter b. Current transformer c. Rectifier d. Voltage regulator

c. Rectifier

862.Iron levels >0.30 mg/L stains plumbing fixtures and laundry a. Blue b. Black c. Red d. Purple

c. Red

***789. What is the primary use of a butterfly valve? a. Control flow b. Measure flow c. Regulate flow pressure d. Stop flow

c. Regulate flow pressure

62. Sodium thiosulfate is added to a microbiological sample bottle in order to a. Extend the allowable holding time from 6 to 30 hours b. React with nitrates that interfere with the MPN test c. Remove any chlorine residual present d. Ensure sterilization of sample bottle

c. Remove any chlorine residual present

207. What is the main purpose of priming? a. Ensure the pump operates freely b. Compress the air in the cylinder c. Replace air with water inside the pump d. Wet the packing

c. Replace air with water inside the pump

687. Why are thrust blocks and anchors used? a. Slow the water flow in the water main b. Secure heavy equipment at an excavation site c. Restrain pipe joints, elbows, tees, and crosses from coming apart as a result of the force created when water changes direction d. Adjust the angle of repose at which a trench wall should be excavated to prevent cave-ins

c. Restrain pipe joints, elbows, tees, and crosses from coming apart as a result of the force created when water changes direction

754. What causes loss of pressure due to friction in a pipeline? a. Circumference of pipe b. Difference in elevation from pipe inlet to outlet c. Roughness of the interior of the pipe d. Steepness of pipe slope

c. Roughness of the interior of the pipe

928. What causes loss of pressure due to friction in a pipeline? a. Circumference of pipe b. Difference in elevation from pipe inlet to outlet c. Roughness of the interior of the pipe d. Steepness of pipe slope

c. Roughness of the interior of the pipe

270. Which of the following directly impacts the treatment of drinking water? a. Fair Labor Standards Act b. Food Security Act c. Safe Drinking Water Act d. Clean Air Act

c. Safe Drinking Water Act

273. What is the only acceptable breathing device to wear while handling chlorine leaks? a. Activated carbon canister type b. Potassium tetroxide canister type c. Self-contained breathing apparatus d. Oxygen supply apparatus

c. Self-contained breathing apparatus

719. What is not a common use of steel pipe? a. Feeder mains b. Long distance transmission c. Service connections d. In high-pressure situations

c. Service connections

111. If you have a pump overheating, what should you do? a. Call the manufacturer b. Replace the fuse c. Shut the pump down for repair d. Slow the pump down

c. Shut the pump down for repair

689. The hydraulic grade line _________ as water gains pressure by passing through a pump. a. Slopes downward b. Retains the same elevation as the free water surface in the upstream reservoir c. Slopes upward d. Equalizes

c. Slopes upward

329. What term describes the condition that exists when the source of the water supply is below the centerline of the pump? a. Pressure head b. Velocity head c. Suction head d. Total discharge head

c. Suction head

388. Vacuum breakers are designed to be used on piping connections where a. System pressure may be less than atmospheric b. Backpressure will not exist c. System pressure may be less than customer's device pressure but not less than atmospheric d. Backpressure will occur

c. System pressure may be less than customer's device pressure but not less than atmospheric

681. After rehabilitation, a pipeline segment should be disinfected, flushed, and a. Pressure tested b. Returned to service c. Tested for bacteria d. Opened for inspection

c. Tested for bacteria

819. What is the compliance cycle for the Standard Monitoring Framework? a. The compliance cycle is 6 years; this is divided into three 2 -year compliance periods b. The compliance cycle is 8 years; this is divided into two 4-year compliance periods c. The compliance cycle is 9 years; this is divided into three 3-year compliance periods d. The compliance cycle is 10 years; this is divided into five 2-year compliance periods

c. The compliance cycle is 9 years; this is divided into three 3-year compliance periods

818. What does it mean if a laboratory confirms the results of the bacteriological test of a new main are "positive"? a. The main is ready for service b. The water pressure is equalized c. The main needs to be disinfected again d. There is a leak in the main

c. The main needs to be disinfected again

663. Compound meters are generally used under what conditions? a. They are generally used where daily use is relatively low but where very high flow rates may be required in an emergency b. They are generally used for residences and small commercial services because of their excellent sensitivity to low flow rates and their high accuracy over a wide range of flow rates c. They are generally used for large-volume customers that have wide variations in water use d. They are generally used where controlling equipment costs is a factor but meter reading accuracy at low flows is less important

c. They are generally used for large-volume customers that have wide variations in water use

***699. Most steel tanks are constructed with steel that is a. Thicker at the top of the tank sides, thinner at the bottom b. Even thickness throughout c. Thicker at the bottom of the tank sides, thinner at the top d. Thicker around the middle of the tank

c. Thicker at the bottom of the tank sides, thinner at the top

464. What is the term for water samples collected at regular intervals and combined in equal volume with each other? a. Time grab samples b. Time flow samples c. Time composite samples d. Proportional time composite samples

c. Time composite samples

119. What is the jar test used for? a. Testing chlorine residual b. Testing for coliforms c. To determine the effectiveness of chemical treatment in a water treatment plant d. To test for alkalinity

c. To determine the effectiveness of chemical treatment in a water treatment plant

150. What is the main purpose of a clear well? a. To allow fairly constant water filtration rates b. To furnish storage for emergency demands c. To meet storage requirements for water pumped from wells d. To provide storage so plants can shut down for maintenance

c. To meet storage requirements for water pumped from wells

741. What is the main purpose of a clear well? a. To allow fairly constant water filtration rates b. To furnish storage for emergency demands c. To meet storage requirements for water pumped from wells d. To provide storage so plant can shut down for maintenance

c. To meet storage requirements for water pumped from wells

913. What is the main purpose of a clear well? a. To allow fairly constant water filtration rates b. To furnish storage for emergency demands c. To meet storage requirements for water pumped from wells d. To provide storage so plant can shut down for maintenance

c. To meet storage requirements for water pumped from wells

985. Why should all traffic control devices be constructed to yield upon impact? a. So the public will appreciate the use ofreusable materials b. So the traffic control devices can be placed back in proper position c. To minimize damage to a vehicle that strikes them d. To minimize damage to traffic control devices

c. To minimize damage to a vehicle that strikes them

742. Why are properly functioning vents essential in storage facilities? a. To allow for free circulation of air to remove odorous gases and to keep the head space air fresh b. To furnish openings for warm or heated air to prevent freezing during periods of cold weather c. To prevent a pressure developing in the reservoir when it fills or a vacuum when it empties or is drained d. To provide an opportunity for easy exit by birds that accidentally get inside the reservoir

c. To prevent a pressure developing in the reservoir when it fills or a vacuum when it empties or is drained

914. Why are properly functioning vents essential in storage facilities? a. To allow for free circulation of air to remove odorous gases and to keep the head space air fresh b. To furnish openings for warm or heated air to prevent freezing during periods of cold weather c. To prevent a pressure developing in the reservoir when it fills or a vacuum when it empties or is drained d. To provide an opportunity for easy exit by birds that accidentally get inside the reservoir

c. To prevent a pressure developing in the reservoir when it fills or a vacuum when it empties or is drained

769. Why must water distribution systems maintain a continuous positive pressure at all times to all consumers? a. To keep pumps operating at peak capacity b. To maintain distribution system storage reservoirs at optimum levels c. To prevent contamination from backflow d. To reduce consumer complaints to a minimum

c. To prevent contamination from backflow

953. Why must water distribution systems maintain a continuous positive pressure at all times to all consumers? a. To keep pumps operating at peak efficiency b. To maintain distribution system storage reservoirs at optimum levels c. To prevent contamination from backflow d. To reduce consumer complaints to a minimum

c. To prevent contamination from backflow

969. Why should a chlorinator discharge line be left open after a chlorinator is shut down? a. To allow any water in line to drain after chlorinator is shut down b. To help operators save time from opening the discharge valve when making a new connection c. To prevent development of high pressures from expansion of any remaining chlorine gas if line is heated by sunlight d. To provide air in the line which will prevent development of corrosive conditions over time

c. To prevent development of high pressures from expansion of any remaining chlorine gas if line is heated by sunlight

950. What is the purpose of the National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations? a. To allow water utilities to apply for a temporary variance from National Primary Drinking Water Regulations b. To establish a second tier of maximum contaminant levels to help small communities avoid a financial hardship c. To prevent the public from seeking to obtain drinking water from potentially lower quality, higher risk sources d. To protect secondary water sources from contamination

c. To prevent the public from seeking to obtain drinking water from potentially lower quality, higher risk sources

998. What is the purpose of pilot tests? a. To develop a plant operational strategy b. To give directions for design engineers c. To provide information on the "treatability" of a given source of supply d. To test various treatment equipment

c. To provide information on the "treatability" of a given source of supply

984. Why must traffic movements and street or utility repair work be regulated? a. To allow for a cost-effective solution to problems b. To avoid traffic congestion c. To provide optimum safety and convenience for all d. To regulate complaints from the public

c. To provide optimum safety and convenience for all

537. How many pounds per day of chlorine gas are required to treat 8.65 MGD, if the dosage is 2.75 mg/L? a. lllb/day b. 72 lb/day c. 24 lb/day d. 198 lb/day

d. 198 lb/day

97. When handling a coliform sample, why must there be a chain of command where each person taking charge of the samples must sign the paperwork? a. To keep samples from getting lost b. To prevent bad samples c. To show that the samples have been cared for properly by responsible people d. So supplies can be ordered when needed

c. To show that the samples have been cared for properly by responsible people

888. Monthly test results and a presence-absence approach is a compliance basis for which of the following rules? a. Lead Copper Rule b. Surface Water Treatment Rule c. Total Coliform Rule d. Disinfection By-products Rule

c. Total Coliform Rule

300. Water corrosion in metal piping will increase if a. The pH is above 7.0 and has low dissolved oxygen levels b. The alkalinity is high and water temperature is low c. Total dissolved solids are high and the pH is below 7.0 d. The pH and alkalinity increase

c. Total dissolved solids are high and the pH is below 7.0

47. Dynamic head is best described as the a. Velocity of water in a main at full pumping pressure b. Total energy that a pump must develop for pumping to take place c. Total pressure in feet of head, measured at the pump discharge during periods of rest in the system d. Pumping end of any device used to force water into a pressure system

c. Total pressure in feet of head, measured at the pump discharge during periods of rest in the system

717. What type of distribution system configuration is not recommended? a. Arterial-loop system b. Grid system c. Tree system d. Combination system

c. Tree system

179. Which of the following parameters is used to indicate the clarity of water? a. pH b. Chlorine residual c. Turbidity d. Bacteriological

c. Turbidity

619. Which of the following parameters is used to indicate the clarity of water a. pH b. Chlorine residual c. Turbidity d. Bacteriological

c. Turbidity

***707. When performing pressure and leakage tests on newly laid pipe, it is best to a. Do so immediately after laying the pipe b. Start by applying partial pressure with a positive displacement pump c. Turn the water flow on at full volume to ensure that seals and joints hold together d. Maintain test pressure for 30 minutes

c. Turn the water flow on at full volume to ensure that seals and joints hold together

407. Which of the following mandates the language and methods for public notification? a. American Water Works Association b. National Rural Water Association c. US Environmental Protection Agency d. California State University

c. US Environmental Protection Agency

603. Which type of direct electronic sensor for level measurement is placed above the water level? a. Variable resistance level sensor b. Probe level system c. Ultrasonic level sensing system d. Diaphragm level sensing system

c. Ultrasonic level sensing system

601. What type of meter is based on the Doppler effect? a. Magnetic meter b. Insertion meter c. Ultrasonic meter d. Venturi meter

c. Ultrasonic meter

440. If a confined aquifer's recharge is elevated, the water in the aquifer will be a. Contaminated b. High in iron and manganese c. Under pressure d. Soft

c. Under pressure

987. Where are high-level warning devices most commonly used? a. Rural high -density traffic situations b. Rural low-density traffic situations c. Urban high -density traffic situations d. Urban low-density traffic situations

c. Urban high -density traffic situations

100. How should you move a 150-lb chlorine cylinder? a. Lay the cylinder on its side and roll it b. Call the fire department c. Use a hand truck d. With a crane

c. Use a hand truck

58. What should an operator do when entering a room containing a high concentration of chlorine gas? a. Stay low on the floor b. Hold breath and have help standing by c. Use self-contained air or oxygen and have help standing by d. Cover nose with a wet handkerchief

c. Use self-contained air or oxygen and have help standing by

134. A hypo-chlorinator is a. Used to measure residual chlorine b. Used in the treatment of iron and turbidity c. Used to feed a liquid solution into a water supply d. Used to measure an adequate amount of chlorine gas into the supply

c. Used to feed a liquid solution into a water supply

341. Air scrubbers are a. Needed to cleanse sand b. For lime room safety c. Used to neutralize chlorine leaks d. For breathable air

c. Used to neutralize chlorine leaks

702. The steel used in constructing a tank a. Is normally the same thickness from top of the tank to the bottom b. Is formed into panel that are riveted together c. Varies in thickness according to the pressure exerted on the tank wall d. Doesn't require a coating because it is made of a special alloy that protects it form corrosion

c. Varies in thickness according to the pressure exerted on the tank wall

473. Air-relief valves are installed to a. Release some of the energy created by water hammer b. Stop flow completely when the tank is full c. Vent air that has accumulated in the well column while the well is not in use d. Turn off pressure during hydrant main maintenance without disrupting service to customers

c. Vent air that has accumulated in the well column while the well is not in use

63. A chlorine feed room should be a. Closed with no ventilation b. Opened at the top c. Ventilated near the floor level d. Ventilated near the top of the room

c. Ventilated near the floor level

668. A(n) meter works by measuring the change in pressure between the "approach" section and the smaller diameter throat section in a pipe. a. Magnetic b. Ultrasonic c. Venturi d. Propeller

c. Venturi

505. Which of the following pumps should be used to increase pressure at large distribution systems? a. Positive displacement b. Progressive cavity c. Vertical turbine d. Airlift

c. Vertical turbine

194. Check valves are used to prevent a. Excessive pump pressure b. Priming c. Water from flowing in two directions d. Water hammer

c. Water from flowing in two directions

620. The primary purpose of check valves is to prevent a. Excessive pump pressure b. Priming c. Water from flowing in two directions d. Water hammer

c. Water from flowing in two directions

12. If a valve in a pipeline is closed too rapidly it will cause the water in that pipeline to come to a sudden stop, causing waves of high pressure that oscillate back and forth in the pipeline. This reaction is commonly known as: a. Hydraulic gradient b. Static oscillation c. Water hammer d. Elevation slope

c. Water hammer

467. The residual drawdown of a well is defined as a. Water level in a well after a pump has operated over a period of time b. Measured distance from the ground to the pumping level c. Water level below the normal level that persists after a well pump has been off for a period of time d. Measured distance between the water level and the top of the screen

c. Water level below the normal level that persists after a well pump has been off for a period of time

233. Trihalomethanes are usually associated with a. High levels of algae in a surface water b. Surface water high in organics c. Water with organics that has been chlorinated d. Groundwater or surface water high in organics

c. Water with organics that has been chlorinated

406. Which of the following is typically associated with trihalomethanes? a. High levels of carbon dioxide in a surface water source b. Surface water high in inorganics c. Water with organics that has been chlorinated d. Groundwater or surface water high in inorganics

c. Water with organics that has been chlorinated

124. Which source of water usually has more hard water? a. Lake b. River c. Well d. Stream

c. Well

587. Which hydrant type has no main valve but each nozzle has a separate valve? a. Breakaway b. Dry barrel c. Wet barrel d. Flush

c. Wet barrel

916. When is there a significant danger of back siphonage into the water supply? a. When a fire hydrant is opened at the top of a hill and water f1ows back up the hill b. When a water hammer wave moves back and forth in a water main c. When all pumps are operating at full capacity during a serious fire d. When the storage tank is empty or out of water

c. When all pumps are operating at full capacity during a serious fire

477. Pre-stressed pipe is reinforced with a. Cement with fiberglass mesh b. Wire steel mesh c. Wire strands under tension d. Steel wrapping

c. Wire strands under tension

723. When using PVC pipe that has a bell and spigot, the joint is sealed a. Using a solvent glue b. With a heat-weld process c. With an 0- ring d. By use of a flare

c. With an 0- ring

320. Autoclaving will sterilize a. At high temperatures near 600°C b. With ultraviolet light c. With steam at 121°C and 15 psi d. With chlorine gas

c. With steam at 121°C and 15 psi

615. The secondary standard for manganese recommends that the concentration not exceed a. 0.02 mg/L b. 0.04 mg/L c. 0.03 mg/L d. 0.05 mg/L

d. 0.05 mg/L

298. Red water may be caused by iron concentrations above a. 0.01 mg/L b. 0.1 mg/L c. 0.03 mg/L d. 0.3 mg/L

d. 0.3 mg/L

852. The maximum contaminant level for iron is a. 0.05 mg/L b. 1.0 mg/L c. 0.20 mg/L d. 0.3 mg/L

d. 0.3 mg/L

731. In laying a water main, a crew digs a ditch 3 ft wide, 9 ft deep, and 1,000 ft long. How many cubic yards of earth are removed? a. 800 yd3 b. 9,000 yd3 c. 300 yd3 d. 1,000 yd3

d. 1,000 yd3

538.How many pounds per day ofch1orine are needed to treat 38.75 MGD, if the dosage is 3.50 mg/L? a. 42 lb/day b. 136 lb/day c. 323 lb/day d. 1,131 lb/day

d. 1,131 lb/day

394. What should the flow meter read in gallons per minute if a 12-inch diameter main is to be flushed at 5.0 fps? a. 39.2 b. 392 c. 78.5 d. 1,764

d. 1,764

289. What is the maximum contaminant level for nitrate (as nitrogen) in drinking water? a. 0.1 mg/L b. I mg/L c. 0.5 mg/L d. 10 mg/L

d. 10 mg/L

798. What is the maximum contaminant level for nitrate (as nitrogen) in drinking water? a. 0.1 mg/L b. 0.5 mg/L c. 1 mg/L d. 10 mg/L

d. 10 mg/L

796. Excessive pressures (greater than _______ psi) will damage the customers' facilities and plumbing fixtures. a. 20 psi b. 35 psi c. 50 psi d. 100 psi

d. 100 psi

549. The static level in the well is 79.12 ft and the drawdown is 26.08 ft. Calculate the pumping water level in the well. a. 11.3 ft b. 34.3 ft c. 53.0 ft d. 105.2 ft

d. 105.2 ft 79.12 + 29.05 = 105.2 ft

343. A circular tank has a radius of 15 ft and is 20 ft high. What is the capacity of the tank in cubic feet? a. 11 ,000 ft3 b. 13,000 ft3 c. 12,000 ft3 d. 14,000 ft3

d. 14,000 ft3 r=15 so D= 15 x 2 = 30 30 x 30 x .785 x 20 = 14130 ft3

452. Convert 34 cfs to gallons per minute. a. 255 gpm b. 7,150gpm c. 2,040 gpm d. 15,300 gpm

d. 15,300 gpm Formula sheet 1 cfs = 0.646 MGD = 646,000 34 cfs X 646,000 = 21,964,000 MDG / 1440 Sec = 15252.8 gpm

462. A tank is conical at the bottom and cylindrical at the top. The diameter of the cylinder is 21.0 ft with a depth of42.0 ft and the cone depth is 14.2 ft. What is the volume of the tank in cubic feet? a. 1,639ft3 b. 12,901 ft3 c. 14,540 ft3 d. 16,162 ft3

d. 16,162 ft3 Vol Cylinder D x D x .785 x H 21 x 21 x .752 x 42 = 13,928.5 ft3 Vol Cone .333 x D x D x .785 x H .333 x 21 x 21 x .785 x 14.2 = 1,636.97 ft 13,928.5 + 1,636.97 = 15,565.5 closest to 16,162 ft3

327. Unless water cooled, the operating temperature of a mechanical seal in a pump should never exceed a. 95°F (35°C) b. 120°F (49°C) c. 140°F (60°C) d. 160°F (71 °C)

d. 160°F (71 °C)

350. Find the approximate amount of manganese removed per year from a plant that treats an average of 5 MGD, if the average manganese concentration is 0.15 ppm and the removal efficiency is 88%? a. 2 lb/yr b. 200 lb/yr c. 20 lb/yr d. 2,000 lb/yr

d. 2,000 lb/yr 5 (8.34) .15 = 6.255 * .88 = 5.50 lb/day x 365 day/yr = 209.1 lb/yr

461. How many gallons are there in a pipe that is 18 in. in diameter and 216 ft long? a. 1,908 gal b. 2,246 gal c. 2,430 gal d. 2,861 gal

d. 2,861 gal 1.5 x 1.5 x 0.785 x 216 = 381.5 cf x 7.48 = 2853.7

529. What is the velocity of flow in feet per second for a 10-inch diameter pipe, if it delivers 550 gpm? a. 0.8 fps b. 1.8 fps c. 1.2 fps d. 2.2 fps

d. 2.2 fps Velocity = gpm x 0.3208 ___________________ A A = 10 x 10 x .785 = 78.5 v = 550 X .3208 = 176.44 = 2.24 fps 78.5 78.5

***353. A conventional treatment plant processes 2,850 gpm on the average for a one-month period. If the lime dosage is 220 grams/min, how many pounds of lime will the plant use in one 30-day month? a. 700 lb/month b. 12,300 lb/month c. 1 ,400 lb/month d. 21 ,000 lb/month

d. 21 ,000 lb/month

547. Find the drawdown of a well, if the well yields 265 gpm and the specific yield is 11.7 gpm/ft a. 10.3 ft b. 17.6 ft c. 11.7 ft d. 22.7 ft

d. 22.7 ft

216. What is the feet of head at the discharge side of a pump that is pumping against a head of 100 psi? a. 12.0 ft b. 14.6 ft c. 43.3 ft d. 231 ft

d. 231 ft 2.31 * 100 = 231 ft

189. In coliform analysis using the presence-absence test, a sample should be incubated for a. 24 hours at 25°C b. 3 6 hours at 3SOC c. 24 and 36 hours at 25 °C d. 24 and 48 hours at 35 °C

d. 24 and 48 hours at 35 °C

413. What is the minimum contact time when using the chlorine tablet method of disinfection? a. 6 hours b. 18 hours c. 12 hours d. 24 hours

d. 24 hours

624. A motor with 89% efficiency is supplied with 25 Hp. Calculate the brake horsepower. a. 3 BHp b. 25 BHp c. 22 BHp d. 28 BHp

d. 28 BHp 25 Hp / 0.89 = 28.09

605. What is the pressure head at a fire hydrant in feet, if the pressure gauge reads 121 psi? a. 52 ft b. 141 ft c. 86 ft d. 280 ft

d. 280ft 121 * 2.31 = 279.51

439. What is the recommended chlorine dosage when disinfecting a water main using the slug method? a. 50 mg/L b. 125 mg/L c. 100 mg/L d. 300 mg/L

d. 300 mg/L

544. A 2.0-ft diameter pipe that is 1.4 miles long is disinfected with chlorine; 44 lb of chlorine are used. Calculate the dosage in milligrams per liter. a. 1.7 mg/L b. 17 mg/L c. 3.1 mg/L d. 31 mg/L

d. 31 mg/L

330. One horsepower is equal to how many foot-pounds per minute? a. 746 b. 3,300 c. 7,460 d. 33 ,000

d. 33 ,000

730. Two-2,000 gpm, high service pumps are operating, and the following conditions are found: The gauges on the pump discharge lines read 95 psi The difference in elevation between the gauges and the water level in the elevated tank, which receives the pumped water, is 139 ft. What is the head loss due to friction? a. 21.2 psi b. 25.5 psi c. 29.8 psi d. 34.8 psi

d. 34.8 psi 139 ft / 2.31 = 60.17 psi 95 psi - 60.17 psi = 34.83 psi

844. In bacteriological analyses performed on any sample of water in the laboratory, portions of the water placed either in tubes or Petri dishes containing culture media and then into incubators in order to detemine the bacteria present. The temperature maintained in the incubator is a. 32°C b. 50°C c. 28°C d. 35°C

d. 35°C

532. The velocity through a channel is 2.10 fps. If the channel is 6.5 ft wide and 2.8 ft in water depth, what is the flow in cubic feet per second? a. 6 cfs b. 28 cfs c. 14 cfs d. 38 cfs

d. 38 cfs

625. Two columns of water are filled completely at sea level to a height of 88ft. Column A is 0.5 inch in diameter. Column B is 5-inch in diameter. What will the two pressure gauges, each attached to the bottom of each column, read? Column A Column B a. 3.8 psi 38.0 psi b. 8.8 psi 8.0 psi c. 20.3 psi 20.3 psi d. 38.0 psi 38.0 psi

d. 38.0 psi 38.0 psi 88 / 2.31 = 38.095 Pipe Diameters don't matter

183. What is the log removal or inactivation required for viruses? a. 1.0 log b. 3.0 log c. 2.0 log d. 4.0 log

d. 4.0 log

856. The USEPA Primary Standard MCL for fluoride is a. 1.0 mg/L b. 2.0 mg/L c. 3.0 mg/L d. 4.0 mg/L

d. 4.0 mg/L

627. How many pounds of high test hypochlorite (HTH) are needed to make 500 gal of a 10% HTH solution? a. 50 lb b. 375 lb c. 243 lb d. 417 lb

d. 417 lb 500 gal x 8.34 lb/gal = 4170 lb x .10 = 417.0 lb

428. What is the internal surface area of a cylindrical tank (bottom, top, and the cylinder wall), if it is 125.0 ft in diameter and 48.5 ft high? a. 6,063 ft2 b. 24,531 ft2 c. 19,036 ft2 d. 43 ,567 ft2

d. 43 ,567 ft2 a= (125*125*.785) = 12,266 sf x 2 (top and bottom) = 24,531 sf Cylinder wall C= pi x D = 3.1417 x 125 = 392.8 (distance around diameter 392.8 x 48.5 = 19,047 sf 24,531 + 19,047 = 43577 sf

331. What is the pressure reading at the discharge side of a pump that is pumping against a total head of 100 ft? a. 2.3 psi b. 23.1 psi c. 4.3 psi d. 43.3 psi

d. 43.3 psi 100 / 2.31 = 43.29

5. The static pressure in a pipeline is 20 psi. How much head creates that pressure? a. 139feet b. 26 feet c. 260 feet d. 46 feet

d. 46 feet

254. If a pump discharges 10,350 gal in 3 hours and 45 minutes, how many gallons per minute is the pump discharging? a. 43 gpm b. 45 gpm c. 44 gpm d. 46 gpm

d. 46 gpm 3 hrs X 60 min/hr + 45 min = 225 min 10,350 / 225 = 46

457. Find the area in square feet for a rectangular shaped basin that is 672ft in length and 68.5 ft in width. a. 215 ft2 b. 1,895 ft2 c. 2,110 ft2 d. 46,032 ft2

d. 46,032 ft2

238. A raw water flow of 17 cfs is pre-chlorinated with 285 lb of chlorine gas. If the flow is changed to 28 cfs, what should the adjustment be to the chlorinator? a. 17 lb of Cl2 b. 28 lb of Cl2 c. 285 lb of Cl2 d. 470 lb of Cl2

d. 470 lb of Cl2

666. The totalizer of the meter on the discharge side of your pump reads in hundreds of gallons. If the totalizer shows a reading of 108 at 1:00 PM and 312 at 1:30 PM, what is the pumping rate expressed in gallons per minute? a. 68 gpm b. 102 gpm c. 204 gpm d. 680 gpm

d. 680 gpm 3120 Gal - 1080 Gal = 2040 gal 1:30 - 1:00 = 30 min 2040 gal / 30 min = 680 gpm

449. What percent is 15 ,325 of 21 ,611 to the nearest tenth of a percent? A. 6.3% b. 14.1% c. 36.9% d. 70.9%

d. 70.9% 15325 / 21611 = .709 x 100% = 70.9%

683. According to common usage charts, industrial canning of fruits and vegetables requires 19,700 gal of water per ton of canned product. In the summer, the cannery operates every day of the week. At full production, the local cannery processes 72,000 1b of green beans per week. About how much water does the cannery require per day? a. 101 ,000 gal b. 142,000 gal c. 400,000 gal d. 710,000 gal

d. 710,000 gal 72,000 lb / 2000 lb/ton = 36 Tons x 19,70 gal/ton = 709,200 gal closest to 710,000 gal

8. After installing 1 mile of 24-inch PVC pipe (which contains approximately 124,344 gallons of water) you plan to disinfect the entire line. How many pounds of HTH (70% available chlorine) will be needed to provide the proper concentration to disinfect this new water main? a. 19.45 pounds b. 36.3 pounds c. 51.8 pounds d. 74.0 pounds

d. 74.0 pounds 124,344 gal / 1,000,000 = .124 mdg .124 (8.34) 50mg/l (if dose is not given use 50 mg/l) 51.8 / .70 = 74.1 pounds

7. The overflow elevation of the 10,000 gallon elevated tank is 173 feet from ground level. The static pressure at ground level is psi. a. 20 psi b. 34 psi c. 64 psi d. 75 psi

d. 75 psi 173 ft / 2.31 = 74.89 psi

737. If the water flows past a given point at 1 cu ft per second, how many gallons will pass this point in 2 min? a. 120 b. 249 c. 748 d. 900

d. 900 1 cf = 7.48 gals 2 min =120 sec 7.48 x 120 = 897.6 closets to 900

169. The iron content of raw water is 1.81 mg/L. What is the percent removal if the finished water contains 0.11 mg/L iron? a. 17% b. 60% c. 20% d. 94%

d. 94% 1.81 - 0.11 = 1.70 / 1.81 = 0.939 X 100 = 93.9%

530. Water is flowing in a pipeline at 2.15 cfs. What is the flow in gallons per minute? a. 16 gpm b. 161 gpm c. 21 gpm d. 968 gpm

d. 968 gpm

187. Four-log removal is a. 90.00% b. 99.00% c. 99.90% d. 99.99%

d. 99.99%

2. If a cross-connection is discovered in connection with a hazardous chemical, what is the best protection to install? a. Double check valve assembly b. Automatic switch over unit c. Rotating coupling d. Air gap or RP device

d. Air gap or RP device

142. If a diesel engine will not start what could be the problem? a. Low compression b. Faulty injection in the cylinder c. Lack of sufficient air d. All of the above

d. All of the above

20. An aerator is used to: a. Remove hydrogen sulfide b. Remove volatile gases c. Remove carbon dioxide d. All of the above

d. All of the above

26. The performance curve of a pump reflects a. Pump capacity b. Pump efficiency c. Pump horsepower d. All of the above

d. All of the above

646. A water system should have procedures in place for the distribution and collection of a. Keys b. Uniforms c. Passwords d. All of the above

d. All of the above

672. During concentration cell corrosion of iron pipes, the electrons a. Migrate toward the anode b. React with iron c. Migrate toward the anode d. All of the above

d. All of the above

833. Treatment techniques rather than maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) are established for Giardia, viruses, and Legionella because a. No commonly available test exist for these microorganisms b. The MCL for these microorganisms is too low to measure with current technology c. The levels of these microorganisms that are considered safe are unknown d. All of the above

d. All of the above

842. Contaminant monitoring requirements can depend on a. The results of a vulnerability assessment b. The size of the water system c. Previous MCL violations d. All of the above

d. All of the above

9. The flow in mains can be expressed in terms of: a. Cubic feet per second b. Million gallons per day c. Gallons per minute d. All of the above

d. All of the above

817. The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires that, with few exceptions a. All surface water must be treated with chlorine b. All surface water must be filtered c. Surface water must be held in a reservoir before it is treated d. All surface water must be treated to inactivate microbials such as Cryptosporidium

d. All surface water must be treated to inactivate microbials such as Cryptosporidium

164. Which of the following best defines the term specific capacity? a. Amount of water a given volume of saturated rock or sediment will yield to gravity b. Amount of water a given volume of saturated rock or sediment will yield to pumping c. Rate at which water would flow in an aquifer if the aquifer were an open conduit d. Amount of water a well will produce for each foot of drawdown

d. Amount of water a well will produce for each foot of drawdown

190. The optimal fluoride concentration in drinking water is set in relation to the a. Water alkalinity and pH b. Annual average minimum daily water temperature c. Annual average maximum daily water temperature d. Annual average maximum daily air temperature

d. Annual average maximum daily air temperature

805. The optimal fluoride concentration in drinking water is set in relation to the a. Water alkalinity and pH b. Annual average minimum daily water temperature c. Annual average maximum daily water temperature d. Annual average maximum daily air temperature

d. Annual average maximum daily air temperature

381. What type of ductile-iron pipe joint is used primarily for river crossings and underwater intakes, and occasionally in rough terrain? a. Restrained b. Mechanical c. Flanged d. Ball-and-socket

d. Ball-and-socket

476. What type of rupture or breakage may occur when a pipe is unevenly supported along its length? a. Horizontal rupture b. Shear breakage c. Vertical rupture d. Beam breakage

d. Beam breakage

983. Why must lubricants and fuels be stored in a separate facility from other storage areas? a. Because of the need to avoid confusion with other stored materials b. Because ofthe need to conserve space c. Because of the possibility for spills to enter storm drains d. Because of the potential fire hazard

d. Because of the potential fire hazard

959. Why has there been an increased interest in disinfectants other than chlorine? a. Because of the carcinogenic compounds that chlorine may form b. Because of the increased costs of chlorine c. Because of the shipping distances from chlorine manufacturers d. Because other disinfectants are more effective in killing pathogens

d. Because other disinfectants are more effective in killing pathogens

768. How can operators become aware of cross-connection hazards? a. By examining records of hazardous chemicals delivered to industries b. By gaining a knowledge of industries that typically have contaminated water supplies through cross connections c. By investigating the sources of cross connection complaints from consumers d. By learning the locations of cross connections in typical industries

d. By learning the locations of cross connections in typical industries

17. Which laboratory test in a water plant is concerned with indicator changes at pH 8.3? a. Total hardness b. Total chlorine residual c. pH d. Carbon dioxide

d. Carbon dioxide

275. Of the following types of extinguishers, which should be used on electrical fires? a. Water b. Soda-acid c. Blanket d. Carbon dioxide

d. Carbon dioxide

635. The difference between the amount of chlorine added to the water and the amount of residual chlorine remaining at the end of the contact period is called a. The dosage b. Chlorine residual c. Free available chlorine d. Chlorine demand

d. Chlorine demand

669. An orifice meter a. Has a defined throat - a decrease in pipe diameter- within the meter body that constricts the flow and proportionally increases the flow velocity b. Used transducers to generate and receive sound pulses that are alternately sent in opposite directions across the flow of water c. Provides a relatively inexpensive way of adding metering to an existing pipeline d. Consists of a thin plate with a circular hole that is installed between a set of flanges.

d. Consists of a thin plate with a circular hole that is installed between a set of flanges.

825. Primary drinking water regulations govern a. Monitoring and reporting of contaminants on the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List b. Contaminants that cause unacceptable aesthetic problems with the water c. Contaminants that discolor or stain clothing or fixtures d. Contaminants considered to pose a danger to public health

d. Contaminants considered to pose a danger to public health

302. What metals are most likely to leach from household plumbing and cause a health hazard? a. Iron and zinc b. Iron and copper c. Iron and lead d. Copper and lead

d. Copper and lead

685. Tuberculation is caused by a. Air bubbles in the water creating a carbonation effect b. Turbidity that is not filtered out of the water and accumulates on the pipe walls c. Turbulence that creates a series of crosscurrents and eddies d. Corrosion products deposited on the interior pipe walls

d. Corrosion products deposited on the interior pipe walls

11. Staining problems from iron occur most in _____ water. a. Non-corrosive b. Hard c. Soft d. Corrosive

d. Corrosive

647. Physical system characterization entails identifying a water system's a. Topography b. Buildings c. Chemical storage tanks d. Critical components

d. Critical components

72. A "competent person" must inspect excavations and adjust areas for hazards a. Continuously while workers are inside the excavation b. Hourly while workers are inside the excavation c. Prior to the start of work each day only d. Daily, prior to the start of work, and as needed throughout the shift

d. Daily, prior to the start of work, and as needed throughout the shift

561. What type of computer software is recommended for maintaining records such as turbidity levels? a. Word processor b. E-mail c. Graphics d. Database

d. Database

279. The use of ammonia solution on a chlorine gas leak from the disinfection assembly may cause which of the following? a. Explosion b. Hydrochloric acid c. Toxic gases d. Dense white smoke

d. Dense white smoke

497. Which of the following characteristics of a pump is shown in a pump curve? a. Wire-to-water horsepower b. Motor horsepower c. Friction loss d. Efficiency

d. Efficiency

830. Hetertrophic Plate Count (HPC) measurements can be useful to a. Determine the number of pathogens in water b. Count algae c. Determine the number of plates for optimum settling d. Evaluate the bacterial stability of water

d. Evaluate the bacterial stability of water

926. What is the purpose of a booster pump? a. To boost raw water into a treatment plant b. To regulate the flows in a water distribution system to avoid high flows which can cause cavitation damage c. To regulate the flows in a water distribution system to prevent dead ends d. Facilities stationed in the distribution system where extra pressure is needed or required

d. Facilities stationed in the distribution system where extra pressure is needed or required

398. What is the primary source of coliforms in a water supply? a. Insects that live or die in the water source b. Protozoans and other microorganisms c. Fertilizers d. Fecal material from warm-blooded animals

d. Fecal material from warm-blooded animals

376. The size of water mains, pumping stations, and storage tanks is primarily determined by a. Maximum day demand during any 24-hour period during the previous year b. Population served c. Per-capita water use d. Fire protection requirements

d. Fire protection requirements

865. First draw samples, for compliance with the Pb and Cu rules, are defined as a. First liter of water collected from a tap that has not been used for at least 5 hours b. First pint of water collected from a tap that has not been used for at least 6 hours c. First gallon of water collected from a tap that has not been used for at least 4 hours d. First liter of water collected from a tap that has not been used for at least 6 hours

d. First liter of water collected from a tap that has not been used for at least 6 hours

688. What does disinfecting a main with the slug method entail? a. Feeding chlorine at a constant rate to water entering the new section of main until a residual of at least 25 mg/L is observed, then holding the chlorine in the pipe for at least 24 hours b. Applying a high concentration of chlorine to a small quantity of water entering one end of the main and then moving it slowly through until all parts of the main are exposed to at least 100 mg/L chlorine for 3 hours. c. Pushing a chlorine-coated swab through the new main to cover the pipe walls with disinfectant, and allowing the main to stand for 24 hours before it is filled with water d. Placing calcium hypochlorite tablets in the main as it is installed, then slowly filling the completed section of main with water and allowing it to stand for at least 24 hours

d. Placing calcium hypochlorite tablets in the main as it is installed, then slowly filling the completed section of main with water and allowing it to stand for at least 24 hours

80. The purpose of an electrical lock-out device is to a. Introduce electric current to a specific circuit b. Keep operators out of an electrical control room while maintenance is being performed c. Lock out an electrical switch box door d. Positively prevent the operation of an electrical circuit

d. Positively prevent the operation of an electrical circuit

65. The two major requirements in sizing a household service are adequate a. Corrosion and longevity b. Flow rate and C factor c. Flow rate and volume d. Pressure and flow rate

d. Pressure and flow rate

697. When a hydrant is opened (or shut) too quickly a. Firefighters can begin to put out a fire easier b. A hard suction hose can be connected to the pumper truck c. The flow of water will be increased d. Pressure surges (water hammer) can occur in the main

d. Pressure surges (water hammer) can occur in the main

727. A new section of water main has just been laid. Before it is completely backfilled and put into service, several things must be done. What is the correct order for doing them? a. Collect bacti samples, flush, pressure test, disinfect, flush b. Flush, disinfect, collect bacti samples, pressure test c. Pressure test, disinfect, collect bacti samples, flush d. Pressure test, flush, disinfect, flush, collect bacti samples

d. Pressure test, flush, disinfect, flush, collect bacti samples

127. Thrust blocks are installed to a. Boost flexible joints b. Boost water pressure c. Minimize corrosion d. Prevent movement of pipes

d. Prevent movement of pipes

147. What is the main objective of distribution system maintenance? a. Implement and monitor an accurate distribution system record keeping program b. Keep all equipment clean and polished so it appears like new during system tours c. Maintain an up-to-date maintenance program schedule d. Provide maximum continuous equipment service at the lowest possible cost

d. Provide maximum continuous equipment service at the lowest possible cost

947. What is the main objective of distribution system maintenance? a. Implement and monitor an accurate distribution system record-keeping program b. Keep all equipment clean and polished so it appears new during system tours c. Maintain an up-to-date maintenance program schedule d. Provide maximum continuous equipment service at the lowest possible cost

d. Provide maximum continuous equipment service at the lowest possible cost

682. Watering city parks, firefighting, and street cleaning are generally considered what category of public water supply use? a. Commercial b. Domestic c. Industrial d. Public

d. Public

366. Which of the following is colorless, odorless, found mainly in groundwater, and can cause cancer? a. Hydrogen sulfide b. Methane c. Chlorine d. Radon

d. Radon

485. What backflow prevention device has a center relief valve? a. Double check valve assembly b. Atmospheric vacuum breaker c. Pressure vacuum breaker assembly d. Reduced pressure backflow assembly

d. Reduced pressure backflow assembly

128. An altitude valve is a device used to a. Turn water flow off or on b. Allow two or more pumps to alternate operation c. Prevent backflow due to a cross-connection d. Regulate the water surface level in a storage tank

d. Regulate the water surface level in a storage tank

986. Which type of signs imposes legal obligations and/or restrictions on all traffic? a. Construction signs b. Directional signs c. Maintenance signs d. Regulatory signs

d. Regulatory signs

617. Why is it essential to ventilate a valve vault before entry? a. Remove excessive moisture b. Equalize temperature and pressure c. Eliminate foul odors d. Remove dangerous gases

d. Remove dangerous gases

44. It is essential to ventilate a valve vault before entry in order to a. Remove excess moisture b. Equalize temperature and pressure c. Eliminate foul odors d. Remove dangerous gases and/or ensure proper oxygen levels

d. Remove dangerous gases and/or ensure proper oxygen levels

691. Which communities use the least amount of water? a. Industrial b. Commercial c. Farming d. Residential

d. Residential

135. The chlorine gas feed rate is usually controlled by adjusting the a. Water flow to the injector b. Valve on the chlorine cylinder c. Pressure in the chlorine cylinder d. Rotameter control valve

d. Rotameter control valve

878. The Lead Copper Rule permits water utilities to instruct consumers in which technique? a. Boiling water b. Evaluating bottled water c. Purchasing point of use devices d. Sampling

d. Sampling

***872. Where should samples be collected for THMs? a. Faucets with aerators b. Faucets with hoses c. Hose bibs d. Sampling taps e. Swivel faucets

d. Sampling taps

470. What is the term for a framework of wood or metal installed to prevent caving of trench walls? a. Sheeting b. Shielding c. Sloping d. Shoring

d. Shoring

990. What is the major hazard when using a fixed ladder? a. Electric shock b. Free fall c. Reaching too far out to the side d. Slipping

d. Slipping

775. What does the overall appearance of pump stations and elevated tanks indicate to the public? a. Adequate funding is not necessary to produce safe drinking water b. The neighbors accept the presence of the facility c. The quality of you painting and landscaping program d. The type of operation you maintain

d. The type of operation you maintain

427. Why should isolation valves be installed at frequent intervals in distribution piping? a. To stop water from flowing backward through a pump that is not in operation b. To throttle flow and maintain a lower pressure in the lower distribution system zone c. So that air that accumulates at high points in pipes can be automatically vented d. So that small sections of water main may be shut off for maintenance

d. So that small sections of water main may be shut off for maintenance

631. Which of the following is not a source of chlorine used to disinfect water? a. Calcium hypochlorite b. Chlorine gas c. Liquid sodium hypochlorite d. Sodium chloride

d. Sodium chloride

922. Which chemical is used to neutralize all the chlorine residual in a sample for a bacteriological test? a. Chlorine dioxide b. Orthophosphate c. Sodium hexametaphosphate d. Sodium thiosulfate

d. Sodium thiosulfate

965. Which chemical is added to a sample container for a bacteriological test if the sample contains any chlorine residual? a. Caustic soda b. Soda ash c. Sodium chloride d. Sodium thiosulfate

d. Sodium thiosulfate

874. What is the undesirable effect of iron in drinking water? a. Corrosion b. Precipitate formation c. Scale formation d. Staining

d. Staining

82. An objectionable feature of iron and manganese in water is a. Health hazard b. Mottled teeth c. Skin irritation d. Staining of fixtures

d. Staining of fixtures

886. Who is primarily responsible for enforcing drinking water regulations? a. American Water Works Association b. Environmental consumer advocates c. Federal government d. State regulatory primacy agencies e. U.S. Congress

d. State regulatory primacy agencies

899. What are the health effects from copper in drinking water? a. Cancer b. Deficits in hearing c. Increased blood pressure d. Stomach and intestinal distress

d. Stomach and intestinal distress

869. Why is a reducing agent added to THM sample bottles? a. Maintain a constant chlorine residual in the sample bottle b. Provide an airtight seal over the sample bottle c. Reduce natural organics in sample d. Stop formation of THMs after sample is collected

d. Stop formation of THMs after sample is collected

790. What is a snubber? a. Air cushion chamber b. Mechanical pressure element c. Primary element d. Surge protection device

d. Surge protection device

870. Why is removing THMs after they are formed not a strategy of choice? a. Effectiveness of disinfecting chemical will be reduced b. Removal of high concentrations of THMs cannot be achieved c. Strategy will allow for a continued chlorine demand d. THMs will continue to form in distribution systems

d. THMs will continue to form in distribution systems

140. What should be done immediately if there is any evidence that distribution system water has been tampered with by vandals or terrorists? a. Apprehend the vandals or terrorists b. Determine mechanism of tampering c. Investigate extent of tampering d. Take facility out of service

d. Take facility out of service

949. What should be done immediately if there is any evidence that distribution system water has been tampered with by vandals or terrorists? a. Apprehend the vandals or terrorists b. Determine mechanism of tampering c. Investigate extent of tampering d. Take facility out of service

d. Take facility out of service

942. What is the most common water quality complaint? a. Milky water b. Red water c. Sickness d. Tastes and odors

d. Tastes and odors

701. When elevated storage is placed adjacent to the pump station and the hydraulic gradient drops below the minimum acceptable gradient at the far reaches of the system, a. The pressure will be significantly improved with the existing main size b. The pressure is better in areas that, prior to the storage tank's existence, had poor pressure c. It allows the pumping station to operate at near average-day conditions most of the time d. The head loss to the farthest portion of the system may be excessive through normal-size piping

d. The head loss to the farthest portion of the system may be excessive through normal-size piping

266. Who do operators really work for in the final analysis? a. The city, water agency or district, or private utility company that provides the operator with a paycheck b. The employer who requires the operator to operate and maintain an economical and efficient water distribution system c. The industry that employs the operator to operate their own water distribution system d. The people who depend on the operator to provide them with safe and pleasant drinking water

d. The people who depend on the operator to provide them with safe and pleasant drinking water

911. Who do operators really work for in the final analysis? a. The city, water agency or district, or private utility b. The employer who requires the operator to operate and maintain an economical and efficient water distribution system c. The industry that employs the operator to operate their own water distribution system d. The people who depend on the operator to provide them with safe and pleasant drinking water

d. The people who depend on the operator to provide them with safe and pleasant drinking water

76. The primary source of trihalomethanes (THMs)in drinking water is a. Polymer coagulants b. Industrial solvents c. Leaching from paint linings in water storage tanks d. The reaction of chlorine compounds and organic matter

d. The reaction of chlorine compounds and organic matter

710. The higher the C value of a pipe the a. More corrosive the pipe material is b. More resistant the pipe is to corrosion c. The more tensile strength a pipe has d. The smoother the interior surface of the pipe

d. The smoother the interior surface of the pipe

264. What does the overall appearance of pump stations and elevated tanks indicate to the public? a. The funding available for 0 & M b. The quality of the drinking water records c. The status of the maintenance program d. The type of operation being maintained

d. The type of operation being maintained

909. What does the overall appearance of pump stations and elevated tanks indicate to the public? a. The funding available for 0 & M b. The quality of the drinking water records c. The status of the maintenance program d. The type of operation being maintained

d. The type of operation being maintained

745. Why should all storage facilities be sampled regularly? a. To check on the operating levels of the storage tank b. To determine if the atmosphere above the water is hazardous c. To determine the need for pump maintenance d. To determine the quality of the water that enters and leaves the facility

d. To determine the quality of the water that enters and leaves the facility

920. Why should all storage facilities be sampled regularly? a. To check on the operating levels of the storage tank b. To determine if the atmosphere above the water is hazardous c. To determine the need for pump maintenance d. To determine the quality of the water that enters and leaves the facility

d. To determine the quality of the water that enters and leaves the facility

783. Why must the spoil bank be kept away from the edge of a trench? a. To keep soil from falling into trench b. To keep spoil in proper location c. To keep spoil out of roadway d. To keep wall of trench from caving in on top of you

d. To keep wall of trench from caving in on top of you

680. Bypass piping is typically used A. Across the branch channel of a river to stop or reduce the flow entering that channel b. For long stretches of pipeline where no connections are necessary, such as along a bridge c. To supply reuse water for nonpotable purposes, such as public watering and fire protection d. To maintain service to customers while rehabilitating or replacing water mains

d. To maintain service to customers while rehabilitating or replacing water mains

974. What is the one objective of a safety program? a. To achieve and maintain OSHA compliance b. To keep accurate safety records c. To lower insurance rates d. To prevent accidents

d. To prevent accidents

964. Why is drinking water chlorinated past the breakpoint? a. To avoid any break-out of chlorine b. To ensure an excess of combined chlorine residual c. To produce a complete breakpoint chlorine residual curve d. To produce free available chlorine that can and will react if need be

d. To produce free available chlorine that can and will react if need be

753. Why should a continuous positive water pressure be maintained in the water distribution system under all conditions? a. To keep distribution system water storage tanks full b. To maintain flushing velocities for biofilms in mains c. To maximize revenue from water rates d. To protect system from entrance of toxic substances

d. To protect system from entrance of toxic substances

927. Why should a continuous positive water pressure be maintained in the water distribution system under all conditions? a. To keep distribution system water storage tanks full b. To maintain flushing velocities for biofilms in mains c. To maximize revenue from water rates d. To protect system from entrance of toxic substances

d. To protect system from entrance of toxic substances

781 . Why must backflow be prevented? a. To avoid changing direction of flow b. To keep from causing water to become turbid c. To prevent reversals of flows d. To protect the public health

d. To protect the public health

740. What is the main purpose of a water storage facility? a. To allow for a reserve storage b. To help maintain adequate pressures throughout the entire system c. To meet the needs for fire protection d. To provide a sufficient amount of water to average or equalize the daily demands

d. To provide a sufficient amount of water to average or equalize the daily demands

912. What is the main purpose of a water storage facility? a. To allow for a reserve storage b. To help maintain adequate pressures through out the entire system c. To meet the needs for fire protection d. To provide a sufficient amount of water to average or equalize the daily demands

d. To provide a sufficient amount of water to average or equalize the daily demands

743. What is the purpose of surge tanks? a. To absorb energy b. To control water hammer c. To provide surges to clean mains d. To store water for surge demands

d. To store water for surge demands

915. What is the purpose of surge tanks? a. To absorb energy b. To control water hammer c. To provide surges to clean mains d. To store water for surge demands

d. To store water for surge demands

750. What is the purpose of a booster pump? a. To boost raw water into a treatment plant b. To pump water from a sump c. To pump water into a clear well d. To supply water to an elevated storage tank

d. To supply water to an elevated storage tank

738. When using a fire hydrant, the valve should be opened a. Only by the fire department personnel b. Only one and one half turns c. Quickly to prevent surges in the main line d. To the full open position

d. To the full open position

739. Where should an air release valve be placed on a water main? a. Bottom b. Invert c. Side d. Top

d. Top

814. The nephelometric method is used to measure a. Suspended solids b. Lead and copper c. Alkalinity d. Turbidity

d. Turbidity

85. A suspension of very minute particles that cause an appearance of cloudiness is called a. Bacteria b. Color c. Dissolved solids d. Turbidity

d. Turbidity

904. Over which water quality indicator do operators have the greatest control? a. Alkalinity b. pH c. Temperature d. Turbidity

d. Turbidity

995. Over which water quality indicator do operators have the greatest control? a. Alkalinity b. pH c. Temperature d. Turbidity

d. Turbidity

54. When the static level of the groundwater is 50 feet below the ground surface, the most suitable type of pump is a a. Air lift pump b. Gear pump c. Horizontal centrifugal pump d. Turbine pump

d. Turbine pump

198. Centrifugal, positive displacement, and turbine are all a. Types of valves b. Types of pipe c. Water plant chemicals d. Types of pumps

d. Types of pumps

628. The free chlorine residual in water is the amount of a. Chlorine added to the water b. Chloramines in the water c. Chlorides in the water d. Uncombined chlorine that remains in the water after the chlorine has been applied and allowed to react

d. Uncombined chlorine that remains in the water after the chlorine has been applied and allowed to react

721. What is the primary use of an inserting valve? a. When the valve is not buried and the water system operator needs to know from inspection whether the valve is opened or closed b. To help equalize pressure on a large valve, making the valve easier to open and close c. Where the pressure to be regulated is relatively low and tight shutoff is not important d. When it is necessary to install a valve on a water main without shutting off pressure

d. When it is necessary to install a valve on a water main without shutting off pressure

892. When are objectionable tastes and odors most noticeable in water? a. In the evening b. In the morning c. When water is cold d. When water is warm

d. When water is warm

678. In which situation would slip-lining not be appropriate? a. Where a main crosses over or under railroads, bridges, barriers, or other obstacles b. Where a structure has been built over the existing main c. Where service connections and branches are numerous d. Where the existing pipe is of poor structural integrity

d. Where the existing pipe is of poor structural integrity

596. What type of motor has a starting current seldom over the full-load operating current has a stator, and the resistance of the rotor circuit can be controlled when the motor is running? a. Synchronous b. Squirrel-cage c. Compound d. Wound-rotor

d. Wound-rotor

81. The maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) of known or probable carcinogens is a. Set by the state b. The same as the maximum contaminant level (MCL) c. The minimum detectable level of a given contaminant d. Zero

d. Zero

102. How do you measure pH? a. DPD b. Amperometric titration c. Spectrophotometer d. pH meter

d. pH meter

890. What factor does not influence the impact of a toxic contaminant in a water supply? a. Amount of contaminant b. Detention time c. Size of water supply d. Solubility of contaminant e. Type of water distribution system

e. Type of water distribution system