Amendments 13 to 19

Amendment 18: Progressive Era Amendment Prohibition / Liquor Abolished. Ratified 1/16/1919.

After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.

Amendment 14: Civil War Amendment / Reconstruction Ratified 7/9/1868. Citizenship Rights. Due Process of Law Equal protection of the laws Through the process of incorporation, most protections of The Bill of Rights are included in the 14th Amendment. The Supreme Court did this on a case by case basis when states violated African American's Civil Rights.

All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Amendment 14: Civil War Amendment / Reconstruction 1. Citizenship Rights 2. Duo Process of law 3. Equal protection of the laws Ratified 7/9/1868. Through the process of incorporation, most protections of The Bill of Rights are included in the 14th Amendment. The Supreme Court did this on a case by case basis when states violated African American's Civil Rights.

Most of the protections of the Bill of Rights are incorporated into the Due process clause of the __________ Amendment. No State can deny the Due process of law to any person.

Amendment 13: Civil War Amendment / Reconstruction Slavery Abolished. Ratified 12/6/1865.

Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Voting

People demonstrate their Popular Sovereignty by?

Popular Sovereignty

People have Political Authority / Power One of the six principles of the Constitution

Amendment 16: Progressive Era Amendment Income Tax Ratified 2/3/1913.

The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.

Amendment 12: Choosing the President, Vice-President. Fixed problem with Electoral College Separate ballots for Pres. and V. Pres. Ratified 6/15/1804. (The elections of John Adams in 1796, and the Election of 1800; Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr were locked in a tie for presidential electoral votes.)

The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, ...they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President,...

Amendment 11: Judicial Limits Ratified 2/7/1795. The 11th amendment reversed a Supreme Court decision. (It is the first example of the use of the amendment process as a "check" over the power of the Supreme Court, as it overruled Chisolm v. Georgia.)

The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.

Amendment 17: Progressive Era Amendment Senators Elected by Popular Vote, just like Representatives in the House. Ratified 4/8/1913 (Originally Senators were elected by the state legislatures.)

The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures.

Amendment 15: Civil War / Reconstruction Suffrage Amendment African American Males (only) Race No Barrier to Vote. Ratified 2/3/1870.

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Amendment 19: Ratified 8/18/1920. Progressive Era / Suffrage Amendment Women's Suffrage. Expands Popular Sovereignty (Suffrage means, the right to vote)

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.

Amendment 26: Suffrage Amendment Voting Age Set to 18 Years. Ratified 7/1/1971. (Vietnam War) "Old enough to fight old enough to vote"

The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.

Suffrage

The right to vote