American National Government: Final Exam Review
He was an anti-federalist member, author of the Virginia Plan, and was the first to declare that the states right and ought to be free (separation of colonies)
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of Richard Henry Lee?
He was the earliest patriot who protested the repression of King George the III
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of Samuel Adams?
He was the first Secretary of State, the third president of the U.S., and an anti-federalist member
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of Thomas Jefferson?
demonstrated the inadequacy of the Articles of Confederation
What was the significance of Shay's Rebellion?
show the Articles of Confederation were not strong
What was the significance of Shay's Rebellion?
It showed how much the colonists hated the standing army and it was oftentimes used to show the brutality of the British. This was a change because normally, even in peacetime, people would accept standing armies.
What was the significance of the Boston Massacre?
It brought the colonies together and was the start of the intolerable acts
What was the significance of the Boston Tea Party?
It was the lifting of "Benign Neglect". Also "beginning of American Freedom"
What was the significance of the French and Indian War?
demonstrated the federal government had the means and power to stop the rebellion
What was the significance the Whiskey Rebellion?
Attorney General, Secretary of State, Secretary of War, and Secretary of Treasure
What were the 4 departments of the first cabinet?
Formal annexation by the states
What why of adding amendments to the constitution has never been used?
1786
When was Shay's Rebellion?
April 19, 1775
When was the Battle of Lexington and Concord?
December 15, 1791
When was the Bill of Rights ratified?
1770
When was the Boston Massacre?
1773
When was the Boston Tea Party?
1788
When was the Constitution ratified?
July 4, 1776
When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?
1754-1763
When was the French and Indian War?
1794
When was the Whiskey Rebellion?
Battle of Lexington and Concord
When was the start of the revolutionary war?
Virginia
Where did the Whiskey Rebellion take place?
Presidential system of government
Where the people are able to directly vote for the President, is limited by years & terms and the Executive and the Legislative Branch are both equal in power. The president is elected in a two step process: popular vote and electoral college vote.
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Which a plan was established for the admission of new territories as states; and the division of land into sections.
John Locke
Which chief political contract theorist had the most influence on the American Constitutional government?
Articles of Confederation (1781)
Which document was the first constitution of the U.S.? When was it ratified?
Trent Kelly, Bennie G. Thompson, Michael Guest, and Steven Palazzo
Who are the 4 representatives for MS (in order from the first to the fourth district)?
Roger Wicker and Cindy Hyde-Smith
Who are the two senators for MS?
john marshall
Who established the principle of "Judicial Review"?
Benjamin Franklin
Who said "You have a Republic, if you can keep it" ?
Patrick Henry
Who said, "Give me liberty or give me death"?
James Madison; Federalist #51
Who said, "If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary"? Where was this famous dictum written?
John Marshall
Who said, "[The Supreme Court] says what the law is"?
New Hampshire
Who was the 9th and deciding state to ratify the constitution?
Thomas Paine
Who was the author of Common Sense?
Roger Sherman
Who was the author of the Connecticut Plan?
james madison
Who was the author of the Constitution of the United States of America?
William Patterson
Who was the author of the New Jersey Plan?
Richard Henry Lee
Who was the author of the Virginia Plan?
John Dickinson
Who was the chief author of the Articles of Confederation?
Edmund Randolph
Who was the first Attorney General?
George Washington
Who was the first President of the United States?
thomas jefferson
Who was the first Secretary of State?
Alexander Hamilton
Who was the first Secretary of Treasure?
James Madison.
Who was the fourth President of the United States?
patrick henry
Who was the leader of the "Sons of Liberty"?
John Adams
Who was the second President of the United States?
Thomas Jefferson
Who was the third President of the United States?
Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston
Who were the authors of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Hobbes, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Charles de Montesquieu, and John Locke
Who were the chief political contract theorists?
Patrick Henry, George Mason, Richard Henry Lee, and Thomas Jefferson
Who were the four most prominent anti-federalist?
James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay
Who were the three authors of the Federalist Papers?
Thomas Hobbes
Who wrote Leviathan?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Who wrote The Social Contract?
john locke
Who wrote Two Treatises of Government?
The shot lead to the founding of America and changed the world
Why is Lexington and Concord called the "shot heard around the world"?
Rhode Island
What was the last (13th) state to ratify the Constitution?
Federalist and Anti-Federalist
What was the philosophy of the chief early American political parties?
He was an anti-federalist and political fire grain for right of the individual
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of Patrick Henry?
totalitarian system
A political system in which individuals govern without the support of the people, tightly control people's lives, and do not tolerate opposing viewpoints. absolute secularism
Parliamentary System
A system of government in which the legislature selects the prime minister or president. The members of the parliament are popularly elected, than they elect other members. It is a one party government.
Federalism
A system of government with overlapping areas of power/authority
King George III
About whom was the Declaration of Independence written?
federalism
By what principles is the respective powers of the federal and state governments balanced?
Social contract government
Created by John Locke. People give power to the government in exchange for safety and order; if government doesn't respond to wishes of majority people can abolish it
Charles de Montesquieu
French philosopher who argued in favor of the separation of powers
2 years
How long is a House representative's term?
6 years
How long is a Senator's term?
27
How many amendments does the Constitution have?
He was federalist and author of the federalist papers, the first Secretary of Treasury, and he was the right-hand man of George Washington
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of Alexander Hamilton?
He was part of the committee working on the Declaration of Independence and he was best known as the elder statesman
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of Benjamin Franklin?
Shay's Rebellion
Rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national government just as the call for the Constitutional Convention went out.
He was a federalist member and the first president of the U.S.
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of George Washington?
He was the "Father of the Constitution", an author of the federalist papers, and the fourth president of the U.S.
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of James Madison?
He was a federalist member and the second president of the U.S.
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of John Adams?
Barron v. Baltimore (1833)
The Supreme Court ruled that the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment did not apply to the actions of states. This decision limited the Bill of Rights to the actions of Congress alone.
He was the chief architect of the Articles of Confederation
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of John Dickinson?
He was a wealthy ship magnate and the first person to sign the Declaration of Independence
What was the political philosophy and/or contribution of John Hancock?
Conneticut Plan
The chief issue of "representation of individuals" facing the Founders of the U.S. Constitution was fixed by the?
It was to gather support for the federalist paper and interpret the constitution. It started as a collection of newspaper editorials.
What was the Federalist Papers?
when the British renewed interest in the colonies after the French and Indian Wars
What was the beginning of the start of American Freedom?
federalism government
Type of government where the power, or sovereignty, is given to the people so that the states and national leaders share power. (Example of government created by the Constitution of the United States, and is still the system utilized today in the US.)
northwest ordinance of 1787
What was the chief lasting contribution of the Articles of Confederation?
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
What was the first constitution in America and a precursor for the U.S. Constitution?
1. sovereignty 2. representation 3. law code 4. jurisdiction 5. continuity
What are the five elements of government?
1. Declaration of Independence 2. Articles of Confederation 3. United States Constitution 4. Federalist Papers 5. Bill of Rights
What are the five most significant of the American foundational documents in order?
1. personal 2. family 3. church 4. civil
What are the four spheres of government?
1. He is an author of the Federalist Papers 2. He laid down the idea of three branches of government (He was influenced by Charles de Montesquieu) 3. He took amazing notes from the constitutional convention
What are the three reasons we call James Madison the "Father of the Constitution"?
formal and informal
What are the two ways to amend the constitution?
1. What is the relationship of the individual to the state? Is the individual to be a servant of the state or the state protect the individual rights? 2. The state always has implications for the economy, capitalism. 3. What is the moral bases of the state? Either principles (set by God) or power
What are three basic principles by which a government should be evaluated? (the first three questions he asked on the first day of class)
formally through the government (annexation by congress and agreed on by the states) and formally through the states (annexation by the states)
What are two FORMAL ways to add amendments to the constitution?
Article V
What article of the constitution supports the Bill of Rights?
I. The Legislative Branch II. The Executive Branch III. The Judicial Branch IV. States Relationships/National Unity V. Amendment Process VI. National Power/National Supremacy VII. Ratification Process
What does each seven articles of the U. S. constitution speak on?
It affirmed the Supremacy Clause of the federal government and it was the beginning of the interstate commerce act
What is the chief significance of the Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) case?
established the principle of judicial review
What is the chief significance of the Marbury v. Madison (1803) case?
It affirmed the Supremacy Clause that the rule of the federal government was superior to the state government
What is the chief significance of the McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) case?
Dual Federalism 1913, cooperative federalism 1930, devolution 1990, new federalism 2000
What is the order and year that federalism has changed? (ex. Dual Federalism 1913, . . .)
to protect the individual rights of the citizens
What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights? first
Confederation
an organization that consists of a number of parties or groups united in an alliance or league. An association/alliance of independent states.
Utopianism
idealism of human secularism
