American Revolution Study Guide '24

What poem was written about the Battle of Lexington?

"The Shot Heard 'Round the World"

After Cornwallis surrendered, what song did the British military band play?

"The World's Turned Upside Down"

Where was the Battle of Bunker Hill actually fought?

Breed's Hill

Who said "I have not yet begun to fight"? Why?

John Paul Jones, this quote was in response to a request to surrender during the Battle on the Sea

What artist painted the famous signing of the Declaration of Independence?

John Trumbell

Who wrote this poem?

Ralph Waldo Emerson

What was the date (month/day/year) of the Battle of Yorktown?

September 28 - October 17, 1781

What is the official date (month/date/year) that the Treaty of Paris was ratified?

September 3, 1783

What was created on June 14,1775 for the 1st time in American history?

The first Continental Army

Who actually wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

Can you name the 5 men that made up the Declaration Committee to draft this resolution?

Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, and Benjamin Franklin

Who wrote it? Why?

Thomas Paine and he challenged the authority of the British government and the royal monarchy.

Did it work?

Yes, after inoculation only 1 in 50 people died from smallpox opposed to the 4 in 10

Name the 3 documents found here.

the original Declaration of Independence, Constitution of the United States, and Bill of Rights

What were the "other products" taxed by the Sugar Act?

wine and coffee

At the Tea Party, what was the cost of the tea thrown into the harbor (in today's $$)?

$1.7 million or $3 million

What was the main reason that Benedict Arnold became a traitor/turncoat?

-Washington making an alliance with the French -Passed over for several promotions

What was the average ratio of musketballs that actually hit their targets?

1 in 300

How long did it take to travel between Europe and America?

44 days

What is the date (month/day/year) of the start of the American Revolution?

April 19, 1775

What 3 American men were sent to discuss the terms and ultimately create the treaty?

Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Jay began the formal negotiations on September 27, 1782

Who was considered the 1st Casualty of the American Revolution/Massacre?

Crispus Attucks

What Boston lawyer defended the British soldiers after the Boston Massacre?

John Adams

Who was the President of the Second Continental Congress? (hint: his signature was HUGE!)

John Hancock

List and describe the 3 main components/criteria of the treaty.

1. Great Britain agreed to recognize the united states as an independent nation (British stills believes they will come back and get it) 2. Britain gave up its claims to all lands between the Atlantic coast and the Mississippi river from Canada to south Florida 3. The United States agreed to return all rights and property taken from the loyalist during the war Additional Agreements: -the US was given the right to fish off Canada's Atlantic Coast, near Newfoundland and Nova Scotia -each side would repay the debts they owed each other -the British would return any enslaved persons they had captured Neither Britain or the United States fully lived up to the treaty's terms

This portrait is on the back of what Federal Note today?

2 dollar note

After the committee finished discussing their individual ideas/suggestions, how long did it take the author to write the entire document?

2 weeks

In 1775, British citizens (in England) were taxed how many times higher than the American colonists?

25% higher

The document is broken down into how many sections, by historians today, to help people understand it better?

5

What group of people introduced this process to the colonists?

African Slaves

What pamphlet (considered to be the 1st to inspire the Declaration of Independence) was written to fight back against the British taxes?

Common Sense

What was the name of the bridge, leading into Concord, that allowed the Colonists to fend off the British assault? (Hint: resembles the pass at Thermopylae)

Concord's North Bridge (The North Bridge)

Why?

France came to the aid of the colonists and a year later so did Spain and it boosted colonial morale.

Who was the swamp fox? Why was he given this name?

Francis Marion, he wore the British army down by leading them through swampy areas

What was the name of the group of European marksmen/fighters that the British hired to help fight with them in the American Revolution?

German Hessians

Reasons why they selected him?

He was a brilliant writer and thinker, from Virginia(most populated colony), and a respected political leader

What famous American doctor/general was brutally beaten and stabbed at the Battle of Princeton? He later died from the wounds.

Hugh Mercer

Where (city and building) was the Declaration signed?

Independence Hall in Philadelphia

What was the name of the medical procedure used at Valley Forge to slow down or stop the spread of Smallpox?

Inoculation

Who actually said "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes."?

Israel Putnam

Describe the role of the Daughters of Liberty

It was a way for women to boycott British products and started weaving their own cloth so American colonists would buy locally made goods.

What is the official date (month/day/year) that the Declaration was adopted?

July 4, 1776

What was the name of the chemical, used by Washington and his spy ring, to enable them to read invisible ink?

Liquid iron sulfate

What was the English name for a colonial subject that was loyal to the king?

Loyalists

What was the outcry from the colonists after the Stamp Act was introduced?

No taxation without representation

Where was the treaty discussed and signed?

Paris, France; Palace of Versailles' in the Hall of Mirrors

Can you list the sections and briefly describe their specific meaning to the document?

Preamble: announced the reasons for the document; defined why it was writing and its purpose Rights of the People: John Locke's inalienable rights - life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness; a government's power comes from the consent of the governed Grievances Against Britain (King George): listed unfair acts of the British King (27 grievances; used strong verbs) Efforts from the Colonies to Avoid Separation: 1775 Olive Branch Petition (rejected by the King); a list of actions to rectify, remedy the situation Actual Declaration: wanted independence because they felt they had no other choice; wanted the ability to wage war and agree to peace, to make alliances with other nations, to set up an economy, make laws, and seek membership in world organizations

Who originally thought of the idea for declaring independence?

Richard Henry Lee

Why did he sign his name so big?

So it would stand out to King George and he would know he supported the Constitution.

What was the typical/painful punishment for British tax collectors in the colonies?

Tarring and feathering

Which battle is considered the turning point of the American Revolution?

The Battle of Saratoga

What name has been given to the 3 important documents found here?

The Charters of Freedom

What famous area was given to the newly independent United States to help with their current and future economy?

The Grand Banks, off of Nova Scott

What Native American tribe were the colonists disguised as?

The Mohawks and the Narragansetts

In what famous museum in Washington DC, would one find the original Declaration of Independence?

The National Archives Museum

What is the name of the room in this museum, where it is found?

The Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom

Describe how a frontier guerrilla would fight their enemy.

They would ambush and hide

Why did he say it?

To save musket balls as there was a shortage and colonists would likely hit their targets if they were that close to their opponents