American Social Welfare System Midterm: CH.2

The Great Depression and the New Deal

After the stock market crash more than 25% of the civilian workforce was out of work and the gross national product fell from $103 billion to $56 billion in 4 years. FDR was elected because he has genuine concern for people and he had a plan of the new deal to help the US The new deal--designed to reverse economic misfortunes of the nation

Civil War and Post Civil War Period

The Freedmen's Bureau--temporary relief for newly freed slaves, managed abandoned and confiscated property, helped to reunite families, provided medical supplies and food rations, and established institutions such as hospitals, schools, and orphanages.

World war II and the development of post-war economy

WWII put most Americans back to work and permanently expanded the social role of the federal government. The GI Bill--funded provisions for education, training, home and business loans, and employment services for veterans to help them adapt to civilian life

Medicare and medicaid

address health care for the elderly, the poor and people with disabilities.

Public social welfare services

community action programs--which provided federal funds for community programs working to eliminate poverty; SNAP--enacted to address the growing need to alleviate hunger

The Social Security Act

designed to help in short and long term--the most significant federal legislation for develop out of the Great Depression. Represented a change in the country's approach to social welfare policies and programs. Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)-- Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Works Program Administration (WPA) Social insurance and public assistance --the two main social welfare systems from the SSA. social insurance includes old-age insurance and unemployment insurance; public assistance includes old-age assistance, aid to dependent children and aid to the blind

Civil War and Post Civil War Period: Dawes Act

destroyed NAtive American culture by dividing native lands among individuals

Pre-Civil War Period

economic structure of the US changed from primarily agrarian to primarily industrial--leading to urbanization. The Elizabethan Poor Laws were still somewhat recognized but they were out of date and they US was facing greater social problems and needs. Institutions were built in belief that they would eliminate the social problems through rehabilitation. Impact--institutions were accepted as a good way to care for people.

Settlement Movement

neighborhood built in NYC: the idea that social workers should live among the people to best serve communities. This philosophy combined the achievement of individual growth with satisfying social relations and responsibilities. This emphasized community and society, regarding a person's' inner well being as inseparable from external forces. Jane Adams

War on Poverty

the 1960's and 70's when large segments of the population who had not benefited from the post WWII prosperity were found to be living in poverty. Massive migration of African Americans from the south to the north.

Progressive Era

the era of growing disparity between rich and poor and gave rise to a new political movement. This period witnessed a shift in social welfare policy and programs from family and private responsibility to government responsibility. The economic conditions worsened and the nation began to regard poverty as social concerns rather than individual. Impact--people were empowering themselves like never before. The suffrage movement gained public attention

Impact of the Civil War and Postwar

the federal government got involved in the delivery of social services

Charity organization societies (COS)

this tried to eliminate poverty by discovering its causes among individuals and then removing those causes from society. "Friendly visitors" would help people learn how to live a respectable life. COS believed that poverty was rooted in the personal character of the person. Mary Richmond

Elizabethan Poor Laws

this was the first form of legislated social welfare policy. Passes in 1601 in England when the feudal system changed and the problem of what to do about people in extreme poverty became public concern. The laws were passed due to necessity, to designate a system to care for the poor because church leaders could not do it all themselves. Worthy poor--widows, orphans, people with disabilities Unworthy poor--able bodied single adults and unmarried women with children out of wedlock