American YAWP Final Exam (CH. 23-29)
Why was Emmett Till murdered?
Allegedly whistling at a white woman
What is the name of the University of Chicago economist who helped to develop the intellectual position of libertarian economics?
Milton Friedman
Which of the following actions did FDR take to advance civil rights for African Americans?
None of these occurred
Which group first promoted the idea that drug use could remedy feelings of alienation?
Scientists
How did Ronald Reagan win over the Religious Right?
Denouncing abortion and prayer in schools
What did Lyndon Johnson call his domestic program?
Great Society
What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan?
All of the above
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1957 accomplish?
Created a Civil Rights Commission in the Department of Justice to investigate claims of racial discrimination
Which of the following statements regarding immigration during the Great Depression is true?
More people left the United States than entered it during the Great Depression
How did the United States respond to the independence movement in Vietnam?
Opposed Vietnamese independence and supported French attempts to retain its colonial control
The Civil Rights Act of 1968 focused on what primary issue
Outlawing discrimination in housing
Which group of Americans benefitted the least from the economic changes of the 1920s?
Southern farmers
When was the Atlantic Charter issued?
Before the United States entered World War II
Of the over 110,000 Japanese-descended Americans who were detained in internment camps, approximately how many were American citizens?
70,000
Thirty-seven year old white engineer, Bernard Goetz shot and seriously wounded four black teenagers on a subway car because he suspected the young men-armed with screwdrivers- planned to rob him. What percentage of white New Yorkers sympathized with Goetz?
90%
What was the top tax rate during World War II?
94%
What was the message of NSC-68?
A call for tripling of the annual defense budget for the purpose of stopping communism
What was the Bonus Army?
A group of World War I veterans who petitioned the government to make an early payment on bonuses scheduled to be released in 1945
What was the "Nixon Doctrine?"
A military policy of détente
All of the following led to the economic development of the Sun Belt EXCEPT
A resurgence in southern agriculture
What is the definition of Herbert Hoover's "Associationalism?"
A system where businesses would voluntarily limit harmful business practices for the greater economic good
Roosevelt tried to create relief for American farmers through the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA). What did the AAA do?
Aimed to raise the prices of agricultural commodities by offering cash incentives to voluntarily limit farm production, thereby increasing prices
What was the result of Brown v. Board of Education
All of the Above
Which of the following enabled the rising purchase of consumer goods?
All of the Above
Advertisers in the 1960s innovated by beginning to emphasize which of the following traits as a means of selling products?
All of the above
How did federal housing programs discriminate against Americans of color?
All of the above
Which of the following advantages did the Soviet Union achieve during the Cold War?
All of the above
What was the primary political issue that Carter used in his presidential campaign?
Carter's campaign focused less on issues than on his background as a hardworking, honest, Southern Baptist southerner
The 1968 Democratic National Convention included massive protests and violent reprisals by police. Where did this convention meet?
Chicago
Hitler and Mussolini helped to topple which government in Spain?
Communists
The cornerstone of Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty was which program?
Community Action
The Religious Right built a powerful coalition that united conservative evangelicals with what other influential voting group?
Conservative Catholics
Upon assuming office, how did Roosevelt respond to the collapsing bank system?
Declared a bank holiday and then pushed through the Emergency Banking Act
How did racism influence the growth of the modern Republican Party?
Democrats took the lead in passing civil rights legislation, pushing many white Americans toward the Republican Party
The churches most common in suburban America tended most frequently celebrated which of the following cultural values?
Economic individualism
The National Indian Youth Council (NIYC) differed from the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) because the NIYC
Employed direct action tactics and more combative rhetoric
What was the subject of Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring?
Environmental dangers of pesticides
Louisiana Senator Huey long criticized Roosevelt's New Deal programs for _____________
Failing to redistribute wealth
The environmental catastrophe of the Great Depression was partly the result of agricultural mismanagement. Which of the following was the most consequential example of this mismanagement?
Farmers plowed up natural ground cover to grow more crops, cover that had taken ages to form in the relatively dry sates of the Plains
What was the relationship between the federal government and economic growth in the aftermath of World War II?
Federal spending created more economic growth
Betty Friedan's Feminine Mystique focused on what primary issue
Feelings of dissatisfaction with life as a housewife
Which of the following industries experienced the most economic growth under Reagan?
Financial Services
Which of the following best describes the marketing techniques of early television executives?
Finding programming that would appeal to the widest possible audience
What initially sparked the 1973 energy crisis?
OPEC's embargo of oil exports to the United States in retaliation for American intervention in the Middle East
How did the Federal Reserve respond to the financial collapse?
Overcorrected by raising interest rates and tightening credit
Before turning to military expansionism, Japanese leaders were also considering which of the following strategies?
Pan-Asian anti-colonialism
Who was the leader of the movement to stop the Equal Rights Amendment?
Phylis Schlafly
What did the Works Progress Administration do?
Put unemployed men and women to work on projects designed and proposed by local governments
What was the intention of the War Powers Resolution?
Reduce the president's ability to wage war without congressional consent
Roe v. Wade, the court case that legalized abortion hinged on what legal idea?
Right of privacy
Who first challenged segregation on buses?
Sarah Keys
Joseph McCarthy first achieved national prominence in February 1950 by waving a piece of paper that he claimed included 205 communists currently working in what capacity?
Members of the Department of State
In the mid-1960s, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) experienced a transformation. This transformation included all of the following EXCEPT
Merging with the Black Panther Party
Which leader of the Soviet Union advocated the projects of glasnost and perestroika?
Mikhail Gorbachev
Black frustration with the hopelessness of urban poverty
More and more saw poverty from the failure of individuals to take full advantage of the American system
What happened at My Lai?
U.S. troops massacred hundreds of civilians
Roughly ___________ of all German casualties in World War II came in the battle against the Soviet Union.
80%
What was the name of the 1950s counterculture that rejected the values of conformity and domesticity?
Beats
President Johnson proposed the Voting Rights Act of 1965 partially in response to what event in Selma, Alabama
"Bloody Sunday," the beating of peaceful marchers by police officers
What caused the Cuban Missile Crisis?
All of the Above
Why was the "loss" of China to communism so upsetting to Americans?
All of the above
Who organized the first sit-ins?
Students
Approximately how many women served in the military during World War II?
350,000
Britain and France declare war on Germany after which invasion?
Invasion of Poland
Approximately how many civilians were killed by the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
180,000
The Dow Jones Industrial Average-which stood at 950 in 1981-reached _______ by the end of Reagan's second term.
2,239
What percent of Americans were investing in the stock market prior to the crash?
2.5%
Which of the following most accurately describes religious commitment during the early Cold War years?
All of the above
What was the first military action taken by the United States against international communism?
American soldiers fought against the Red Army during the Russian civil war
All of the following events related to the Korean War are true EXCEPT
An armistice was never officially signed
What was FDR's "court-packing scheme"
An attempt to appoint up to six new justices who would be friendly to his interests
How did the first freedom ride end?
Angry mobs composed of KKK members attacked the riders in Birmingham, Alabama and burned one of the buses and beat the activists who escaped
The United States responded to Japanese aggression in the Pacific with the 1940 American Neutrality Act. What did this Act attempt to do?
Applying economic pressure to Japan to deter military expansion.
The Stonewall incident that catalyzed the gay rights movement occurred when __________
Bar patrons in New York City protested a police raid
The Kerner Commission explained urban riots as the result of which of the following
Black frustration with the hopelessness of urban poverty
Which of the following phrases best describes "Reagan Democrats?"
Blue-collar voters who lost faith in the liberal creed
Congressional opposition from which faction plagued Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration?
Both
Which of the following right wing think tanks were created in the first decade following WWII?
Both of these
How did President Eisenhower attempt to prevent a Soviet Attack on the United States
By promising "massive retaliation" and appealing to the logic of "mutually-assured destruction"
Who first advocated the policy of containment?
George Kennan
Why did Hitler stop the Blitz in June 1941?
Germany needed the resources of the Luftwaffe to invade the Soviet Union
Why was Douglas MacArthur removed from command?
He was publicly insubordinate to the Commander in Chief
Which of the following statements are true regarding Soong May-ling, known to the public as Madame Chiang?
Her American education made her an effective diplomat in Chinese-American relations.
What was the primary guiding principle of Carter's foreign policy during his early years in office?
Human Rights
All of the following aspects of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 are true EXCEPT:
Increased federal revenues
What was the consequence of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of 1930?
International trade collapsed
Which Allied nation was the first to reach Berlin?
Soviet Union
Which of the following best characterized German military tactics?
Speed and maneuverability
Which of the following nations were not a part of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?
Sweden
Why did the United States fail to help more of the decolonization independence movements during the 1940s - 1970s?
The Cold War alliance with Western Europe led the United States to support many colonial powers
All of the following are true about the Gulf of Tonkin incident and the ensuing resolution EXCEPT
The Johnson administration distorted the incident to provide a pretext for escalating American involvement in Vietnam
The Albany Movement, centered in Albany, Georgia, drew on Christian commitments to social justice and united all of the following Civil Rights groups EXCEPT
The Southern Baptist Convention
Which of the following best describes the "Reagan Doctrine?
The United States committed to supplying aid to anti-communist forces everywhere in the world
Greece and Turkey were early flashpoints in the Cold War. How did the United States respond to unrest in Greece and Turkey in 1947?
The United States sent $400 million to both nations to be used in resisting communism
What was the most dramatic result of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act?
The creation of a national minimum wage
Which of the following statements regarding the Iran Contra Affair are true?
The goal was to raise money to support the anti-Sandinista government in Nicaragua
Why was the federal government slow to respond to the AIDS crisis?
The issue disproportionately affected gay Americans, a marginalized group
Who were the "Brass Hats?"
The leadership of the National Association of Manufacturers who created advertising campaigns supporting free enterprise.
How did Reagan's first budget immediately impact the national debt?
The national debt increased dramatically
What prompted President Roosevelt to pass Executive Order 8802?
The planned march on Washington led by A. Philip Randolh
Which of the following resulted from American commitments to free trade?
The relocation of American manufacturing overseas
After the Victory in Europe, the United States suffered a setback in the Pacific. What was the setback?
The surrender of American forces in the Phillipines.
The presidential election of 1984 convinced the Democratic Party that its future lied with what group?
Upwardly mobile professionals and suburbanites
How did Jimmy Carter respond to the economic crises of the late 1970s?
Using approaches championed by conservatives including deregulation, spending cuts, and tax cuts
What groups experienced the increased fertility rates associated with the baby boom?
Wealthy Americans from all racial backgrounds