AMH2020 Ch. 23
Why did the United States back away from pressuring its European allies to grant self-government to colonies in Asia and Africa?
a.American diplomats valued nations like France more highly for their alliance in the European Cold War.
How did the United States respond to Joseph Stalin's blockade around Berlin?
a.Truman ordered that supplies be brought to Berlin via an airlift.
In 1948, the Progressive Party:
a.advocated expanded social welfare programs.
The impact of the Cold War on American culture was:
a.especially evident in the movies.
During the Cold War, Americans:
a.formed anticommunist groups who pressured public libraries to remove "un-American" books from their shelves.
Civil rights initiatives after 1948:
a.waned, given widespread American sentiment that any criticism of American society smacked of "disloyalty."
Which statement about the Korean conflict is FALSE?
b.Chinese troops threatened to enter the conflict, but never did.
Who were the "Dixiecrats"?
b.Southern Democrats who walked out of the 1948 convention to form the "States' Rights Democratic Party."
Which long-held U.S. territory was granted independence in 1946?
b.The Philippines.
Why did Harry Truman's loyalty review system target homosexuals working for the government?
d.Homosexuals were considered susceptible to blackmail and thought to be lacking the manly qualities necessary to fight communism.
The McCarran-Walter Act:
d.authorized the deportation of communists, including naturalized citizens.
The charges against which of the following organizations led to the downfall of Joseph McCarthy in 1954?
d.The army.
Why did nearly 5 million workers walk off their jobs over the course of 1946?
d.The removal of price controls resulted in a drop in workers' real income.
Why did the United States allow West Germany to become part of a defensive alliance less than ten years after the defeat of Nazi Germany?
d.The successful Soviet detonation of a nuclear bomb underlined the importance of a militarily united West.
What reason did the Hollywood Ten give for not cooperating with the HUAC hearings?
d.They felt the hearings were a violation of the First Amendment.
The principle of human rights—the idea of basic rights belonging to all persons because they are human—was introduced into international relations:
d.in the revolutionary period of the late eighteenth century.
President Truman's civil rights plan called for all of the following EXCEPT:
d.reparations.
Why did southern Democrats fear losing their position in the Democratic Party following its national convention of 1948?
d.Party liberals under the leadership of Hubert Humphrey had added a strong civil rights plank to the party platform.
According to some critics, how did the casting of the Cold War as a worldwide struggle between freedom and slavery have unfortunate consequences?
e.A and B
T or F: Despite the communist victory in China's civil war and the Soviets' successful development of an atomic bomb, the Truman administration refused to endorse a permanent U.S. military buildup.
F
T or F: Hollywood remained the one voice of protest during the McCarthy era, making films that glorified individualism, socialism, and the questioning of authority.
F
T or F: Overall, despite good intentions, the Marshall Plan was not very successful.
F
T or F: The United States won the Korean War.
F
T or F: To improve the image of American race relations abroad, the U.S. government sponsored trips of African-American jazz musicians to Africa.
F
T or F: Generally speaking, economics and geopolitical interests motivated American foreign policy, but the language of freedom was used to justify America's actions.
T
T or F: George Kennan's Long Telegram laid the foundation for the policy of containment.
T
T or F: The Berlin Airlift made it clear that Truman was determined to deny the Soviet Union any victories in the Cold War.
T
T or F: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was the first long-term military alliance between the United States and Europe since the Treaty of Amity and Commerce with France during the American Revolution.
T
T or F: Truman was advised to "scare the hell out of people" as a means of gaining support for aid to Greece and Turkey.
T
All of the following statements are true of the Fair Deal EXCEPT:
b.Congress passed Truman's Fair Deal to raise the standard of living for Americans.
Which of the following does NOT accurately depict one of the uses of anticommunism?
b.Conservative Catholic congregations were investigated for enforcing "principles of communist conformity" among parishioners.
What did Eleanor Roosevelt do of particular significance several years after the war ended?
b.She chaired the committee that drafted the United Nation's "Universal Declaration of Human Rights."
Organized labor emerged as:
b.a major supporter of the foreign policy of the Cold War.
"Militant Liberty" was the code name for a national security agency that:
b.encouraged Hollywood to produce anticommunist movies.
In 1949, Mao Zedong:
b.led a successful communist revolution in China.
Operation Dixie was:
b.the postwar union campaign in the South.
The 1948 presidential race:
b.was the last to occur before television forever changed campaigning.
How did the Soviet focus on social and economic rights in the Cold War human rights debate affect American attitudes?
c.In the climate of anticommunist hysteria, it prompted many Americans to condemn these rights as a first step to socialism.
How had the political climate changed in the South during World War II in the early Cold War years?
c.The number of African-Americans in the region that were registered to vote increased sevenfold.
Why did France and other Europeans understand NATO as a form of double containment?
c.The pact would guard them against Soviet aggression as well as against the resurgence of a powerful Germany.
How did black organizations employ the language of the Cold War?
c.They noted how the Russians could use racism to damage America's image abroad, given its hypocrisy about the meaning of "freedom" at home.
Why did anticommunist Harry Truman veto the McCarran-Walter Act?
c.Truman had become alarmed at the excesses of the anticommunist crusade.
To wage the cultural Cold War, the Central Intelligence Agency and Defense Department:
c.funded artistic publications, concerts, performances, and exhibits.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
c.included freedom of speech and religion.
The impact of the Cold War on the civil rights movement:
c.included government action against black leaders.
Operation Wetback:
c.was a military operation that rounded up illegal aliens found in Mexican-American neighborhoods for deportation.
In the 1950s, what did the term "totalitarianism" describe?
d.Fascism, Nazism, and communism.
The Berlin Blockade was:
d.the reaction by the Soviet Union to the establishment of a separate currency in western Berlin's occupied zones.
In the aftermath of World War II:
e.B and D
All of the following statements about the Cold War's impact on American life are true EXCEPT:
e.Cold War military spending weakened the economy.
Joseph McCarthy:
e.was an embarrassment to his party by 1954.
What was so ironic about Dean Acheson's speech to the Delta Council in 1947?
a.Acheson praised the president's defense of democratic institutions in the place that did not know democracy.
The Taft-Hartley Act:
a.outlawed the closed shop.
Which statement best describes what NSC-68 called for?
b.A permanent military buildup and a global application of containment.
How did white supremacists take advantage of anticommunist rhetoric?
d.They charged African-American civil rights leaders with a communist agenda.
