Anatomy 2040 CC Chapter 7

The vertebral canal contains the spinal _____, while the intervertebral foramina allow for passage of the spinal ______.

Cord; nerves

The frontal bone and parietal bones are connected by the:

Coronal suture

The 3 curved depressions in the floor of the cranial cavity are called the _________.

Cranial fossae

Which nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal of the occipital bone as it travels to supply the tongue muscles?

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

The mandibular fora men acts as a passageway for the blood vessels and nerves that innervate the:

Inferior teeth

Which opening in the petrous part of the temporal bone acts as the passageway for nerves and blood vessels supplying the inner ear?

Internal acoustic meatus

An exaggerated thoracic curvature directed posteriors you that often results from osteoporosis is know as the "hunchback" or:

Kyphosis

The small, paired ______ bones help to form part of the medial wall of the orbit.

Lacrimal

Which cranial fossa, formed by the frontal bone, ethmoid bone, and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone, house the frontal lobes of the cerebrum?

Anterior cranial fossa

Which areas of the skull are formed in the part by the ethmoid bone?

Anteromedial floor of cranium, roof of the nasal cavity, part of the medial wall of each orbit, and part of the nasal septum.

2 of the main divisions of the skeletal system.

Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.

The clavicular notches of the manubrium articulate with the:

Clavicles

The lateral wall of the orbit is formed by:

Greater wing of sphenoid bone Orbital surface of the zygomatic bone Zygomatic process of frontal bone.

Which structure forms both the floor of the nasal cavity and part of the roof of your mouth?

Hard Palate

Which parts of the skull help to form the lateral walls of the nasal complex?

Lacrimal bone, ethmoid bone, inferior nasal conchae, and maxillae

This opening in the lacrimal bone provides a passageway for the nasolacrimal duct:

Lacrimal groove

Which type of vertebrae have thick, oval shaped bodies, and short, thick, and blunt spinous processes?

Lumbar

Which secondary curve of the vertebral column develops as a child learns to stand and walk?

Lumbar curvature

Which bones contain alveolar processes.

Maxillae and mandible

Which part of the ethmoid bone helps to form the nasal septum?

Perpendicular plate

Which of the following parts of the skull to form the roof (superior border) of the nasal complex?

Sphenoid bone, cribiform plate of ethmoid bone, and frontal bone.

Which structure forms the articulation between the parietal and temporal bones.

Squamous

What is the name of the palpable horizontal ridge formed by the articulation of the manubrium and body of the sternum commonly used as a landmark for the second rib?

Sternal angle

A thin, pointed process located in the posterioinferior surface of the temporal bone is called the _____ process.

Styloid

A _____ is an immovable joint forming the boundary between cranial bone.

Surure

The inferior portion of the cranium composed of portions of the ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital and temporal bones is called the:

Base

Which part of the sternum has articular coastal notches representing the attachment points for the coastal cartilage of ribs 2-7?

Body

The internal carotid artery passes through the following opening in the temporal bone:

Carotid canal

The type of vertebrae that have small bodies, short bifid spinous processes, and transverse foramina within their transverse processes are called _________.

Cervical

Incomplete fusion of the upper jaw results in a:

Cleft lip

The axis (C2) contains a prominent process called ________, which acts as pivot for the rotation of both the atlas and skull.

Dens

The crista galli of the ______ bone acts as a point of attachment for the fall cerebri.

Ethmoid

The olfactory nerves (CN I) pass through the cribriform foramina in the cribriform plate of the:

Ethmoid bone

This type of skull has a thin, sharp supraorbital margin, little or no superciliary arches, a small and light mandible and a pointed, triangular shapes mental protuberance:

Female

The coccyx projects more inferiorly in:

Females

Which part of the orbit is formed primarily by the orbital surface of the maxilla, with contributions from the zygomatic bone and orbital process of the palatine bone?

Floor of the orbit

The largest foremen in the skull, visible on an inferior (basal) view, is ________.

Foramen magnum

Which areas of the skull are formed in part by the frontal bone?

Forehead, calvaria, and orbits

The right and left halves of this cranial bone are united by the metopic suture, which fuses and disappears by age 2.

Frontal bone

The _____ _____ on the internal surface of the frontal bone is an attachment site for the meninges.

Frontal crest

Which bones articulate with the sphenoid bone at the pterion region of the lateral skull.

Frontal, parietal, and temporal bones.

And acupuncture needle accidentally inserted through the sternal foramen me puncture the organ call the:

Heart

The sacral canal terminates in the inferior opening called the sacral _______, which represents an area where the laminae of the last sacral vertebra failed to fuse.

Hiatus

What are the functions of the vertebral column?

Houses and protects be spinal cord Helps to transfer axial skeletal weight to the lower limbs Provides vertical support for the body.

Which bone associated with the skull allows for the attachment of tongue and larynx muscles and ligaments?

Hyoid

Identify the auditory ossicles housed within the petrous part of the temporal bone.

Malleus, stapes, and incus

What bone forms the lower jaw?

Mandible

The temporal bone and mandible articulate to form the temporomandibular joint at the ________

Mandibular fossa

The bump you feel posterior to your earlobe on your lateral skull corresponds to which structure of the temporal bone?

Mastoid process

Which features of the sphenoid bone allow for the attachment of jaw muscles?

Medial and lateral pterygoid plates

Which part of the orbit is formed by the frontal process of the maxilla, the lacrimal bones, and the orbital plate of ethmoid bone?

Medial wall of orbit

What are parts of the ethmoid bone.

Middle nasal conchae and superior nasal conchae

The bridge of the nose is formed by the ______ bones.

Nasal

The bones and cartilage that enclose the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are called the:

Nasal complex

These parts of the ethmoid bone increase airflow turbulence in the nasal cavity to allow air to be properly moistened and cleaned by the nasal mucosa:

Nasal conchae

The perpendicular plate and vomer come together to form the :

Nasal septum

The intervertebral discs are composed of the following two structures:

Nucleus pulposus and anulus fibrosus

Which bone contains grooves on its internal surface formed from the impressions of the venous sinuses?

Occipital bone

Which feature if the occipital bone articulates with the first cervical vertebra.

Occipital condyles

Which cranial nerve passed through the optic canal of the sphenoid bone?

Optic nerve (CN II)

The roof of the orbit is formed by _________

Orbital plate of the frontal bone and the lesser wind of the sphenoid bone.

Which bone forms the posterior portion of the hard palate?

Palatine bone

Which part of the maxillae helps to form the majority of the hard palate?

Palatine process

Which parts of the skull help to form the floor (inferior border) of the nasal complex?

Palatine processes of the maxillae and horizontal plates of the palatine bones.

The ______ _____ help to lighten the weight of certain skull bones and provides resonance to the voice.

Paranasal sinuses

The maxillae, ethmoid, frontal, and sphenoid bones contain air-filled chambers known as the ____ ____.

Paranasal sinuses

Bones that can clearly be seen on a superior view of the skull.

Parietal bones.

The lambdoid suture forms the boundary between the _______ and _______ bones.

Parietal; occipital

Which area is part of the temporal bone?

Petrous part

The ______ gland is housed within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.

Pituitary

Which cranial fossa, formed by the occipital, temporal, and parietal bones, house the cerebellum and part of the brainstem?

Posterior cranial fossa

Which part of the orbit is formed primarily by the sphenoid bone?

Posterior wall of orbit

The functions of the facial bones.

Protect the entrance to the digestive and respiratory systems Provide attachment sites for the facial muscles Form the face.

What are functions of the axial skeleton.

Protects organs and forms a framework

Cranial bones perform ______ functions.

Provide attachment sites for several jaw, head and neck muscles and surrounds and protects the brain.

The costal facets or costal demifacets present on the thoracic vertebrae represent site of articulation with bones called _________.

Ribs

The thoracic cage consists of the :

Ribs, thoracic vertebrae, and sternum.

Which regions of the skull is formed by the parietal bones?

Roof of the cranium and the lateral walls.

The articulation between the right and left parietal bones is formed by the

Sagittal surure

A child with a very elongated, narrow skull shape displays the effects of craniosynostosis of which cranial suture?

Sagittal suture.

The zygomatic arch is formed by the fusion of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone to the ______ process of the zygomatic bone.

Temporal

Which bones articulate at the mandibular fossa to form the temporomandibular joint?

Temporal bone and mandible

The inferior lateral walls and part of the floor of the cranium are formed by the:

Temporal bones

Which cranial love is housed within the middle cranial fossa?

Temporal lobe

The coronoid process of the mandible is the site of insertion for the:

Temporalis muscle

Dis ribs false ribs.

They indirectly articulate with the sternum through a shared costal cartilage. They articulate with the thoracic vertebrae.

Which of the following are the primary curves present in the vertebral column of a newborn?

Thoracic curvature and sacral curvature

Functions of the paranasal sinuses.

To humidify and warm inhaled air Provide resonance to the voice Lighten the weight of skull bones.

What are the lateral projections on both sides of the vertebral arch?

Transverse processes

Which characteristic feature of sacral vertebrae represent the remnants of the horizontal lines of fusion between the five vertebrae?

Transverse ridges

The entrance to the external acoustic meatus is located in the ______ part of the temporal bone.

Tympanic

The right and left maxillae unite to form the ______ jaw.

Upper

The appendicular skeleton consists of the bones of the ______ limbs and ______ limbs, as well as the ______ and ________ girdles.

Upper and lower; pectoral and pelvic

What is the correct name of the large spinous process of C7, which is easily seen and palpated through the skin inferior to the neck.

Vertebra prominens

The verticals plate of the ______ articulates with the perpendicular plate ethmoid bone to form the nasal septum.

Vomer

Which facial bone helps to form the cheek and lateral part of the orbit?

Zygomatic bone