Anatomy and Physiology Chapter One

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26) The lungs are located in the following cavities ________. A) pleural, ventral, and thoracic B) mediastinum, thoracic, and ventral C) pleural, dorsal, and abdominal D) pericardial, ventral, and thoracic

Answer: A

32) Which of the following statements is most correct of homeostatic imbalance? A) It is considered the cause of most diseases. B) The internal environment is becoming more stable. C) Positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed. D) Negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally.

Answer: A

36) Select the statement that is most correct. A) The immune system is closely associated with the lymphatic system. B) Organ systems operate independently of each other to maintain life. C) The endocrine system is not a true structural organ system. D) Organ systems can be composed of cells or tissues, but not both.

Answer: A

43) A vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior, is called ________. A) frontal B) median C) sagittal D) transverse

Answer: A

5) If you consider your home air conditioner in terms of homeostasis then the wall thermostat would be the ________. A) control center B) receptor C) effector D) variable

Answer: A

1) Histology would be best defined as a study of________. A) cells B) tissues C) cell chemistry D) the gross structures of the body

Answer: B

12) ________ cavities are spaces within joints. A) Nasal B) Synovial C) Orbital D) Oral

Answer: B

2) The study of the heart may incorporate many aspects of anatomy but as a whole you would say it is __________ anatomy. A) microscopic B) gross C) developmental D) systemic

Answer: B

22) The parietal pleural would represent a serous membrane ________. A) covering individual lungs B) lining the thoracic cavity C) covering the heart D) lining the abdominal cavity

Answer: B

25) Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains ________. A) the lowest possible energy usage B) a relatively stable internal environment, within limits C) a static state with no deviation from preset points D) a dynamic state within an unlimited range

Answer: B

28) Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1. molecules 2. atoms 3. tissues 4. cells 5. organ A) 1-2-3-4-5 B) 2-1-4-3-5 C) 2-1-3-4-5 D) 1-2-4-3-5

Answer: B

3) An increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream would be best described as an example of ________. A) maintaining boundaries B) excretion of metabolic waste C) responsiveness D) metabolism

Answer: B

30) Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity? A) cranial cavity B) thoracic cavity C) spinal cord D) vertebral cavity

Answer: B

35) The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following? A) intestines B) brain C) lungs D) liver

Answer: B

37) One of the functional characteristics of life is irritability. This refers to ________. A) indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system B) sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them C) the nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger D) the necessity for all organisms to reproduce

Answer: B

40) The anatomical position is used ________. A) rarely, because people donʹt usually assume this position B) as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body C) only when a body is lying down D) as the most comfortable way to stand when dissecting a specimen

Answer: B

44) Which body cavity protects the nervous system? A) Cranial B) Dorsal C) Vertebral D) Thoracic

Answer: B

6) The main, general purpose of negative feedback is ________. A) to control all body system tissues B) to maintain homeostasis C) to keep the bodyʹs sugar high D) to regulate excretion

Answer: B

8) An oblique cut is one that ________. A) is cut horizontal right and left B) is cut diagonally between the vertical and horizontal C) is cut vertical right and left D) is cut perpendicular to vertical and horizontal

Answer: B

11) A structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be ________. A) a complex tissue B) an organ system C) an organ D) a complex cell

Answer: C

15) The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60 to 80% of body weight, is ________. A) oxygen B) protein C) water D) hydrogen

Answer: C

17) Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms? A) Positive feedback mechanisms always result in excessive damage to the host. B) Negative feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus. C) Negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body. D) Blood glucose levels are regulated by positive feedback mechanisms.

Answer: C

18) The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except ________. A) body erect B) arms at sides C) palms turned posteriorly D) thumbs pointed laterally

Answer: C

19) A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________. A) body temperature regulation B) regulating glucose levels in the blood C) enhancement of labor contractions D) blood calcium level regulation

Answer: C

20) A parasagittal plane is ________. A) a transverse cut just above the knees B) two cuts dividing the body into left and right halves C) any sagittal plane except the median D) any cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior

Answer: C

24) Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly matched. A) Gross anatomy: study of structures visible to the eye. B) Microscopic anatomy: study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye. C) Cytology: study of the structures in a particular region. D) Embryology: study of the changes in an individual from conception to birth.

Answer: C

27) Choose the following statement that is not completely correct regarding serous membranes. A) Serosa are very thin, double-layered structures. B) Serous membranes are divided into parietal and visceral membranes with a potential space between the two. C) Visceral pericardium covers the surface of the heart, and parietal pericardium lines the walls of the heart. D) Serous membranes secrete a watery lubricating fluid.

Answer: C

31) The stomach is located in which abdominopelvic quadrant? A) right upper B) right lower C) left upper D) left lower

Answer: C

39) The frontal plane is also called the ______ plane. A) vertical B) oblique C) coronal D) median

Answer: C

42) A vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, is called ________. A) frontal B) regional C) sagittal D) transverse

Answer: C

10) The cavities housing the eyes are called __________ cavities. A) frontal B) cranial C) nasal D) orbital

Answer: D

13) Which of the following would not be functional characteristics of life? A) movement B) responsiveness to external stimuli C) maintenance of boundaries D) decay

Answer: D

14) ________ means toward or at the back of the body, behind. A) Anterior B) Lateral C) Distal D) Dorsal

Answer: D

16) The posterior side of the patella would be called ________. A) sural B) crural C) antecubital D) popliteal

Answer: D

21) Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region? A) appendix B) stomach C) liver D) intestines

Answer: D

23) Which one of the following systems responds to environmental stimuli A) endocrine B) lymphatic C) immune D) nervous

Answer: D

29) Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a personʹs brain? A) X ray B) DSA C) PET D) MRI

Answer: D

33) Subdivisions of anatomy include ________. A) gross, macroscopic, visual, and microscopic B) gross, regional, dissection, and surface C) regional, surface, visual, and microscopic D) gross, regional, systemic, and surface

Answer: D

34) The term pollex refers to the ________. A) great toe B) calf C) fingers D) thumb

Answer: D

38) Survival needs of the body include ________. A) nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction B) nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction C) water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement D) nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen

Answer: D

4) Normal body temperature is ________ degrees centigrade. A) 98 B) 68 C) 47 D) 37

Answer: D

41) A horizontal section through the body is called ________. A) frontal B) regional C) sagittal D) transverse

Answer: D

7) ________ is the specific name for the hip region. A) Manus B) Inguinal C) Pedal D) Coxal

Answer: D

9) The heart lies in the ________ cavity. A) superior mediastinal B) pleural C) dorsal D) pericardial

Answer: D


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