Anatomy and Physiology Final Exam
How many bones fuse in adulthood to form the hip bone?
3
is called a symphysis when the bones are united by fibrocartilage
A cartilaginous joint ________
acromioclavicular joint
A shoulder separation results from injury to the ________
anaerobic metabolism in the muscles of the sprinter
A sprinter would experience muscle fatigue sooner than a marathon runner due to ________
found at the first sternocostal joint of the thoracic cage
A synchondrosis is ________
a fibrous joint that unites parallel bones
A syndesmosis is a(n) _______.
a short, rounded spinous process
A typical lumbar vertebra has ________.
interosseous membrane of forearm
An example of a wide fibrous joint is ________
contain intercalated discs
Cardiac muscles differ from skeletal muscles in that they ________
mesenchyme cells
Development of the vertebrae begins with an accumulation of what cells?
none of the above
Drug X blocks ATP regeneration from ADP and phosphate How will muscle cells respond to this drug?
the myosin head binds to an ATP molecule
During muscle contraction; the cross-bridge detaches when ________
contraction phase
During which phase of a twitch in a muscle fiber is tension the greatest?
endochondral ossification, which forms the ribs and sternum
Embryonic development of the axial skeleton involves ________
the process that replaces hyaline cartilage with bone tissue
Endochondral ossification is ________
60
How many bones are there in the upper limbs combined?
Tropomyosin
In relaxed muscle; the myosin-binding site on actin is blocked by ________
Circumduction
Movement of a body region in a circular movement at a condyloid joint is what type of motion?
calcium ions are actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Muscle relaxation occurs when ________
striated
Muscle that has a striped appearance is described as being _______
coracoid process
Name the short; hook-like bony process of the scapula that projects anteriorly
sella turcica
Parts of the sphenoid bone include the ________
hand from the palm backward position to the palm forward position
Supination is the motion that moves the ________
hypoglossal canal; which is located in the posterior cranial fossa
The bony openings of the skull include the ________
Sarcolemma
The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called ________
seven vertebrae
The cervical region of the vertebral column consists of ________.
filament, myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle
The correct order for the smallest to the largest unit of organization in muscle tissue is ________.
Synchondrosis
The epiphyseal plate of a growing long bone in a child is classified as a ________
lateral flexion
The joints between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae can contribute to which movement?
occipital bone
The lambdoid suture joins the parietal bone to the ________
action
The location of a muscle's insertion and origin can determine ________
has the foramen rotundum; foramen ovale; and foramen spinosum
The middle cranial fossa ________
20 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers; 80 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers
The muscles of a professional marathon runner are most likely to have ________
80 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers; 20 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers
The muscles of a professional sprinter are most likely to have ________
has a subpubic angle that is larger in females
The pelvis ________
has a head that articulates with the radial notch of the ulna
The radius bone ________
trapezius
The rhomboid major and minor muscles are deep to the ________
junction between the manubrium and body
The sternal angle is the ________.
has the sternal angle located between the manubrium and body
The sternum ________.
is for articulation with the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra
The tubercle of a rib ________
rectus femoris
The vastus intermedius muscle is deep to which of the following muscles?
sarcomeres
Thin and thick filaments are organized into functional units called ________
attached via their costal cartilage directly to the sternum
True ribs are ________
phosphate bonds
What aspect of creatine phosphate allows it to supply energy to muscles?
gastrocnemius
What is the largest muscle in the lower leg?
a long tendon that runs down the middle of the rectus abdominis
What is the linea alba?
the medial epicondyle of the humerus
What is the origin of the wrist flexors?
26
What is the total number of bones found in the foot and toes?
mastoid process
What structure can be easily felt on the side of the head just behind the earlobe?
medial condyle of tibia
What structure contributes to the knee joint?
Acromion
What structure is an extension of the spine of the scapula?
on the side of the head
Where is the temporalis muscle located?
The muscle fibers feed in on an angle to a long tendon from both sides
Which arrangement best describes a bipennate muscle?
trochlea lateral epicondyle lesser tubercle
Which bony landmark is located on the lateral side of the proximal humerus?
lesser trochanter
Which bony landmark of the femur serves as a site for muscle attachments?
satellite cells
Which cell type helps to repair injured muscle fibers?
calcium (Ca++)
Which element is important in directly triggering contraction?
supraspinous fossa
Which feature lies between the spine and superior border of the scapula?
nuchal ligament
Which is found only in the cervical region of the vertebral column?
the origin
Which is moved the least during muscle contraction?
scaphoid
Which is the lateral-most carpal bone of the proximal row?
Eversion
Which motion moves the bottom of the foot away from the midline of the body?
triceps brachii
Which muscle extends the forearm
pectoralis major
Which muscle has a convergent pattern of fascicles?
extensor minimus longus
Which muscle name does not make sense?
diaphragm; scalene
Which muscle pair plays a role in respiration?
the sartorius
Which muscle produces movement that allows you to cross your legs?
axial and scapular
Which muscles stabilize the pectoral girdle?
quadratus lumborum
Which of the following abdominal muscles is not a part of the anterior abdominal wall?
adjacent vertebrae
Which of the following are joined by a symphysis?
a synergist
Which of the following helps an agonist work
parietal bone
Which of the following is a bone of the brain case?
supports trunk of body
Which of the following is a function of the axial skeleton?
Sternocleidomastoid
Which of the following is a prime mover in head flexion?
vertebral column
Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?
they insert into the skin
Which of the following is unique to the muscles of facial expression?
at rest; uses shielding proteins to cover actin-binding sites
Which of the following properties is not common to all three muscle tissues?
They are resistant to fatigue.
Which of the following statements describes smooth muscle cells?
the angle between bones is decreased
Which of the following statements is correct about what happens during flexion?
slow fibers have a small network of capillaries
Which of the following statements is false?
Fast fibers have large glycogen reserves.
Which of the following statements is true?
metacarpophalangeal joint
Which of these joints is classified as a biaxial diarthrosis?
sternal end
Which part of the clavicle articulates with the manubrium?
capitulum
Which region of the humerus articulates with the radius as part of the elbow joint?
talus
Which tarsal bone articulates with the tibia and fibula?
Syndesmosis
Which type of fibrous joint connects the tibia and fibula?
The joint between adjacent vertebrae that includes an invertebral disc is classified as which type of joint?
amphiarthrosis
is a uniaxial hinge joint
ankle joint
include the radiocarpal joint
condyloid joints
anchors a tooth to the jaw
gomphosis
Which component forms the superior part of the hip bone?
ilium
Which of the following supports body weight when sitting?
ischial tuberosity
The ischial spine is found between which of the following structures?
lesser sciatic notch and greater sciatic notch
are remnants of the original fetal curvature
primary curvatures of the vertebral column
is supported by the annular ligament
proximal radioulnar joint
develop at an interzone site
synovial joints
forms the vertical axis of the body
the axial skeleton ________
Which of these joints is classified as a synarthrosis?
the manubriosternal joint
air-filled spaces found in the frontal; maxilla; sphenoid; & ethmoid bones
the paranasal sinuses are ________
is firmly anchored to the fibula by an interosseous membrane
tibia
