Anatomy Endocrine System Ch. 10 Test
Glucagon:
accelerates liver glycogenolysis
Which of the following is not a function of luteinizing hormone?
all are functions
Cortisol 2:
all of the above
Insulin:
all of the above
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a nonsteroid hormone?
attaches to a receptor on the cell membrane
Steroid hormones:
can cause protein synthesis in the cell
Nonsteroid hormones have hormone receptors in the:
cell membrane
The placenta releases:
chorionic gonadotropins
Calcitonin causes:
decreases the concentration of calcium in the blood by first acting on bone to inhibit its breakdown
A decrease in insulin production:
diabetes mellitus type 1
The ovary secretes:
estrogen
Hormones:
???
T/F Research has indicated that prostaglandins work by increasing the number of hormone receptors produced by a cell.
???
The posterior pituitary gland releases:
ADH and ocytocin
T/F ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands to release adrenaline.
False
T/F ADH causes water to be excreted in the urine.
False
T/F ATP is frequently a second messenger of protein hormones.
False
T/F An increase in ADH would increase the amount of urine the body produces.
False
T/F Another name for the posterior pituitary gland is the adenohypophysis.
False
T/F Calcitonin causes an increase in blood calcium levels.
False
T/F Cortisol is an example of a mineralocorticoid.
False
T/F Exocrine glands can also release hormones.
False
T/F FSH is frequently called the ovulating hormone.
False
T/F Glucagon causes a reduction of the blood glucose concentration.
False
T/F Hormones are carried to their target organs by ducts.
False
T/F Hypersecretion of ADH results in diabetes insipidus.
False
T/F Hyposecretion of ADH results in diabetes mellitus.
False
T/F If prostaglandins influence the production of cAMP, they could impact the function of steroid hormones.
False
T/F If the pancreatic islets produce too little insulin, a condition called diabetes insipidus can occur.
False
T/F Lack of production of insulin by the pancreatic alpha cells can cause diabetes mellitus.
False
T/F Many of the posterior pituitary hormones are tropic hormones.
False
T/F Nonsteroid hormone receptors are in the nucleus of the cell.
False
T/F Of the two thyroid hormones, T3, is the more abundant.
False
T/F Parathyroid hormone causes a decrease in blood calcium levels.
False
T/F Positive feedback mechanisms work to return the body to homeostasis.
False
T/F Prolonged release of glucocorticoids increase the activity of the immune system.
False
T/F Prostaglandins made in one part of the body frequently can have an effect on distant parts of the body.
False
T/F Steroid hormone receptors are in the cytoplasm of the cell.
False
T/F Steroid hormones use nitrogen oxide as their second messenger.
False
T/F Substances produced by the exocrine glands cause a reaction by stimulating target organ cells.
False
T/F The hypothalamus produces only two hormones, ADH and ocytocin.
False
T/F The target cells for aldosterone are in the liver.
False
T/F The thymus gland is located in the neck and produces thymosin.
False
Cortisol:
glucocorticoid
Nonsteroid hormones:
have hormone receptors in the membrane of the cell
The thyroid gland:
in the neck below the larynx, produces two hormones
ADH:
increase the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidney
In order for T4 to be produced, the diet must contain sufficient amounts of:
iodine
The anterior pituitary:
is called the adenophyophysis
TSH:
is secreted by the adenohypophysis, stimulates the release of the thyroid hormone
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a steroid hormone?
it uses cAMP as a second messenger
Aldosterone has its effects mainly on the cells of the:
kidneys
Androgens, which are similar to testosterone:
male hormones secreted by the inner zone
Testosterone:
male sex hormone "masculinizing hormone"
Aldosterone:
mineralocorticoid, increases the amount of sodium and decreases potassium
Second messengers are important in the functioning of:
nonsteroid hormones
Steroid hormones have hormone receptors in the:
nucleus of the cell
The pineal gland:
pine nut, produces many hormones
The thymus gland:
plays a critical part in the body's defenses against infection
The corpus luteum secretes mostly:
progesterone but also some estrogen
Lactogenic hormone is another name for:
prolactin
Nonsteroid hormones can be made of:
proteins
The endocrine system consists of glands that:
release chemicals into the blood
Epinephrine:
secreted by adrenal medulla, produces "fight or flight", released in response to stress
The parathyroid hormone:
secretes PTH
Aldosterone 2:
speeds up kidney reabsorption of water
Oxytocin:
stimulates contraction of the pregnant uterus (all of the above)
FSH:
stimulates primary ovarian follicle
The thyroid gland produces:
thryoxine T4, triiodothyronine T3, and calcitonin
Hormones are not a major regulator of:
voluntary muscle movement
The hormone that has the opposite function of calcitonin is:
PTH (parathyroid hormone)
Aldosterone has an impact on the concentration of this substance in the blood.
Sodium and potassium
The anterior pituitary secretes:
TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH
T/F A cell with an abnormally low number of ribosomes would slow down the effect of a steroid hormone.
True
T/F A person who was working hard on a hot day and perspiring freely would probably have a fairly high concentration of ADH in his blood.
True
T/F A person with a simple goiter would probably have high blood levels of TSH.
True
T/F A tropic hormone causes another endocrine gland to release its hormone to grow.
True
T/F ADH would have no effect on liver cells.
True
T/F ANH is made by the heart and reinforces the effect of aldosterone on the kidney.
True
T/F Although oxytocin is released by the posterior pituitary, it is made in the hypothalamus.
True
T/F An abnormally low level of insulin production may cause glycosuria.
True
T/F Bone cells are "target organs" for both calcitonin and parathyroid hormone.
True
T/F Calcitonin is an example of a hormone that uses a negative feedback mechanism for regulation.
True
T/F Damage to the hypothalamus may result in diabetes insipidus.
True
T/F Endocrine glands secrete hormones.
True
T/F Glucosuria can be a symptom of diabetes mellitus.
True
T/F Hormones have the same role in the endocrine system as nerve impulses have in the nervous system.
True
T/F Hyposecretion is a term describing the release of too little hormone.
True
T/F In the second messenger system, the hormone is assumed to be the first messenger.
True
T/F Luteinizing hormone is also called the ovulating hormone.
True
T/F Males also produce luteinizing hormone.
True
T/F Most hormones use a negative feedback system for regulation.
True
T/F Nonsteroid hormones require a second messenger.
True
T/F One difference between prostaglandins and hormones is that prostaglandins circulate throughout the body while hormones go only to target cells.
True
T/F One of the main differences between the anterior and posterior pituitary glands is that one is made of glandular tissue and one is made of nerve tissue.
True
T/F One of the target organ cells of glucocorticoids are the liver cells.
True
T/F Oxytocin is an example of a hormone that uses a positive feedback mechanism for regulation.
True
T/F Oxytocin stimulates contraction of the pregnant uterus.
True
T/F Pancreatic alpha cells release glucagon.
True
T/F Pancreatic beta cells release insulin.
True
T/F Prostaglandins are also called "tissue hormones."
True
T/F Steroid hormone receptors are in the nucleus of the cell.
True
T/F Steroid hormones do not need a second messenger because they are able to pass through the cell membrane.
True
T/F TSH causes an increase in thyroid hormones when their blood level is too low. This is an example of a positive feedback mechanism.
True
T/F The adrenal medulla releases hormones that support and prolong the effects of the sympathetic nervous system.
True
T/F The endocrine and nervous systems perform the same general function.
True
T/F The function of the endocrine system is communication and control.
True
T/F The hormone oxytocin has it effects on only about half the population.
True
T/F The outer zone of the adrenal cortex secretes mineralocorticoids.
True
T/F The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland.
True
T/F The pituitary gland sits in the "Turkish saddle."
True
T/F The placenta produces the substance that can be detected by home pregnancy tests.
True
T/F The target cells for T4 are virtually all cells in the body.
True
T/F The target organ for FSH is the ovarian follicle.
True
T/F The target organ for TSH is the thyroid gland.
True
T/F The thyroid gland is located in the neck.
True
T/F The thyroid gland is unique because it stores the hormones it produces.
True
T/F The hypothalamus produces only two hormones with target organs outside the head, ADH and oxytocin.
True?