Anatomy Exam 3 HW Questions
The concentration of ________ in interstitial fluid is much higher than that of plasma.
CO2
Individuals with type B blood have plasma that contains anti-B antibodies.
False
________, also known as B cells, differentiate into plasmocytes, which secrete antibodies that attack foreign cells or proteins in distant portions of the body.
Lymphocytes
Which leukocyte is useful in destroying abnormally functioning cancerous cells?
NK lymphocytes
The white blood cells that contain granules with histamine are called ________.
basophil
Which is the least common type of white blood cell?
basophil
What type of tissue is blood?
connective tissue
NK cells are a type of ________.
lymphocyte
In the adult, red blood cells are produced in areas of the ________.
red bone marrow
In a type O individual, which of the following is true? ANSWER: The erythrocytes lack surface antigens A and B. For erythropoiesis to proceed normally, the progenitor cells must receive adequate supplies of which of the following? (1) amino acids (2) calcium (3) iron (4) vitamin B12 (5) vitamin K (6) vitamin A
1, 3, 4
Plasma contributes approximately ________ of whole blood volume.
55%
Which of the following is the normal pH range of blood?
7.35-7.45
A cancer that affected the bone marrow would NOT affect which of the following cell populations?
All of the listed cell populations would be affected
Lymphocytes are the most numerous leukocytes.
False
The matrix of the blood, which has a density only which has a density only slightly greater than water is called serum.
False
Which of the following statements regarding the importance of knowing one's blood type is true?
It can determine whether a fetus is at risk for hemolytic disease of the newborn, a disease in which the child's blood cells are attacked as it is developing inside the mother.
Which blood type could be administered to anyone without the risk of a cross-reaction?
O
If a patient entering the hospital is tested and found to have O-negative blood type, from which person could the patient receive blood?
Only a person with O-negative blood could donate to the patient.
Why is it important that the actin and myosin filaments in platelets contract during the clotting process?
The contraction of actin and myosin reduces the overall size of the clot and thus the size of the injury.
If a person suffers significant blood loss due to an injury, there will likely be a rise in his or her erythropoietin (EPO) levels. What will be the consequence of this action?
The rate of erythrocyte maturation will accelerate.
Basophils assist mast cells of tissues in producing inflammation.
True
Blood cells and cell fragments suspended in the liquid matrix are collectively called the formed elements.
True
Erythrocytes are the most abundant formed elements in the blood.
True
In terms of organelles, an obvious difference between a mature erythrocyte and a leukocyte, viewed through a light microscope, is that the erythrocyte lacks ________.
a nucleus
Which of the following could NOT be classified as a formed element of the blood?
albumin
Roughly 60 percent of plasma proteins are composed of ________.
albumins
Which leukocyte releases histamine and heparin in response to an injury?
basophil
The process of moving toward an area due to chemical signals is called ________.
chemotaxis
A leukocyte can migrate across a capillary wall by squeezing between adjacent endothelial cells, in a process known as ________.
diapedesis
Which of the following is/are NOT transported by the blood?
digestive enzymes, such as gastrin or pepsin
Composition of the plasma and the interstitial fluid differs chiefly in the concentration of ________.
dissolved gases and proteins
A leukocyte with distinct bright orange-red cytoplasmic granules is called a(n) ________.
eosinophil
Which of the following cells ejects its nucleus during the process of its development?
erythrocyte
A man is in a car accident and loses two pints of blood. What are the most abundant formed elements of whole blood that he has lost?
erythrocytes
Which of the following are plasma proteins that are an essential component of the clotting system?
fibrinogens
Hemoglobin molecules consist of ________ globular protein subunits.
four
A condition related to the insufficient production of clotting factors is known as ________.
hemophilia
If an adult woman is in a car accident and experiences severe bleeding, which of the following terms would best describe her condition after the bleeding?
hypovolemic
Plasma proteins that attack foreign proteins and pathogens are ________.
immunoglobulins
Which of the following prevents an erythrocyte from using the oxygen it carries?
lack of a mitochondria
The ________ synthesize(s) and release(s) more than 90% of the plasma proteins.
liver
If a person develops thymus cancer and has to have the organ removed, which blood cell population will be reduced?
lymphocytes
Which of the formed elements are responsible for specific immunity?
lymphocytes
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are also called ________.
neutrophils
The plasma of the blood contains about 7% ________.
plasma proteins
Formed elements produced by megakaryocytes in bone marrow are ________.
platelets
Megakaryocytes produce ________.
platelets
Which of the following formed elements are required for hemostasis?
platelets
________ clump together to form a temporary patch in the walls of damaged blood vessels.
platelets
Which of the following is NOT a function of the blood?
sensation of pressure in the skin
If a person has inadequate levels of fibrinogen in the blood, which of the following would be affected?
the person's ability to clot blood after an injury
Blood assists in defending the body against toxins and pathogens by ________.
transporting white blood cells to injury or infection sites
