Anatomy Exam 3
Choose the best answer. Which of the following organs secrete hormones?(1) pancreas(2) liver(3) brain(4) adrenal cortex(5) adrenal medulla(6) thymus(7) ovary(8) testis(9) thyroid gland(10) pineal gland 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
There are how many thoracic spinal nerves in the spinal cord?
12
There are ______ Cervical spinal nerves in the spinal cord 5 6 7 8
8
The hormone that acts to oppose the effects of calcitonin is secreted by the parathyroid glands. triiodothyronine. parathyroid hormone. secreted by the thymus. A and C.
A and C
Which hormone decreases the production of urine? ADH adrenalin oxytocin thyroxine
ADH
The two hormones released by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland are thyroid hormone and somatotropin. ADH and oxytocin. estrogen and progesterone. GH and prolactin. none of the above
ADH and oxytocin
The two hormones released by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland are thyroid hormone and somatotropin. ADH and oxytocin. estrogen and progesterone. GH and prolactin. FSH and LH Calcitonin and Parathormone Insulin and glucagon
ADH and oxytocin.
The two hormones released by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland are thyroid hormone and somatotropin. ADH and oxytocin. estrogen and progesterone. GH and prolactin. none of the above
ADH and oxytocin.
What produces: Adrenocorticotroph Hormone
Adrenal Cortex
Which of the following are pure endocrine organs of the body? Pancreas Adrenal gland Thymus gland Gonads
Adrenal gland
Choose the best answer. The targets for PTH can be found in the heart. kidneys. bones. small intestine. B and C.
B. and C.
Which structure is highlighted? scala vestibuli vestibular membrane tectorial membrane basilar membrane
Basilar membrane
What produces: Growth Hormone
Bone
Which of the following Cranial nerve is not attached to the Brainstem? CN II CN III CN IV CN V CN VI
CN II
Which hormone decrease Calcium concentration in the blood? Insulin Calcitonin Glucagon Cortisol Thyroxine Parathormone
Calcitonin
Which hormone stimulates egg development and the secretion of estrogens by ovarian cells? follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) oxytocin (OT)
FSH
Which Cranial nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue? Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus nerve Trigeminal nerve Accessory nerve Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Which hormone decrease Glucose concentration in the blood? Insulin Calcitonin Glucagon Cortisol Thyroxine Parathormone
Insulin
What organ produces: Antidiuretic hormone
Kidney Tubules
What produces: Prolactin
Mamary glands
What produces: Oxytocin
Mammary glands and uterine muscles
Match the letters from the corresponding questions below. Trochlear nerve CN IV Innervates the Lateral Rectus muscle of the eye CN VI Abducens nerve CN VI Occulomotor nerve CN III Innervates the Superior oblique muscle of the eye CN IV Innervates the palpebral muscle of the eye CN III Innervates the Medial rectus muscle of the eye CN III
Match the letters from the corresponding questions below. Trochlear nerve CN IV Innervates the Lateral Rectus muscle of the eye CN VI Abducens nerve CN VI Occulomotor nerve CN III Innervates the Superior oblique muscle of the eye CN IV Innervates the palpebral muscle of the eye CN III Innervates the Medial rectus muscle of the eye CN III
Match the letters with the corresponding questions below: Cerebral peduncles Midbrain Decussation of the pyramid Medulla oblongata Pineal gland Diencephalon Olive Medulla oblongata Arbor vitae Cerebellum Hypothalamus Diencephalon Corpora quadrigemina Midbrain
Match the letters with the corresponding questions below: Cerebral peduncles Midbrain Decussation of the pyramid Medulla oblongata Pineal gland Diencephalon Olive Medulla oblongata Arbor vitae Cerebellum Hypothalamus Diencephalon Corpora quadrigemina Midbrain
Matching. Match the Bone markings to the nerves below: Cranial nerve XII (Hypoglossal nerve) Jugular foramen Cranial nerve X (Vagus nerve) Jugular foramen Cranial nerve VII (Facial nerve) Internal acoustic meatus Cranial nerve (Vestibulocochlear nerve) Internal acoustic meatus Cranial nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve) Jugular foramen Cranial nerve IV (Trochlear nerve) Superior orbital fissure Cranial nerve VI (Abducens nerve) Superior orbital fissure Cranial nerve II (Optic nerve) Optic canal Cr
Matching. Match the Bone markings to the nerves below: Cranial nerve XII (Hypoglossal nerve) Jugular foramen Cranial nerve X (Vagus nerve) Jugular foramen Cranial nerve VII (Facial nerve) Internal acoustic meatus Cranial nerve (Vestibulocochlear nerve) Internal acoustic meatus Cranial nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve) Jugular foramen Cranial nerve IV (Trochlear nerve) Superior orbital fissure Cranial nerve VI (Abducens nerve) Superior orbital fissure Cranial nerve II (Optic nerve) Optic canal Cranial nerve I (Olfactory nerve) Cribriform foramina Cranial nerve III (Occulomotor nerve) Superior orbital fissure
Matching. Match the Bone markings to the nerves below: Hypoglossal nerve Jugular foramen Vagus nerve Jugular foramen Facial nerve Internal acoustic meatus Vestibulocochlear nerve Internal acoustic meatus Glossopharyngeal nerve Jugular foramen Occulomotor nerve Superior orbital fissure Abducens nerve Superior orbital fissure
Matching. Match the Bone markings to the nerves below: Hypoglossal nerve Jugular foramen Vagus nerve Jugular foramen Facial nerve Internal acoustic meatus Vestibulocochlear nerve Internal acoustic meatus Glossopharyngeal nerve Jugular foramen Occulomotor nerve Superior orbital fissure Abducens nerve Superior orbital fissure
Matching. Match the letters from the corresponding quesions below: Thymus gland "Partly" endocrine organs Parathyroid gland "Purely" endocrine organ Hypothalamus "Partly" endocrine organs Gonads "Partly" endocrine organs Pancreas "Partly" endocrine organs Adrenal gland "Purely" endocrine organ Thyroid gland "Purely" endocrine organ
Matching. Match the letters from the corresponding quesions below: Thymus gland "Partly" endocrine organs Parathyroid gland "Purely" endocrine organ Hypothalamus "Partly" endocrine organs Gonads "Partly" endocrine organs Pancreas "Partly" endocrine organs Adrenal gland "Purely" endocrine organ Thyroid gland "Purely" endocrine organ
Matching. Match the letters from the corresponding questions below Stimulates sperm production in males Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH) Triggers ovulation Leutenizing hormone (LH) Stimulates growth of skeleton at epiphyseal plate Growth hormone (GH) Milk production Prolactin hormone (PRL) Prompts the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoid hormones Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) Prompts the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH) Initiates labor in pre
Matching. Match the letters from the corresponding questions below Stimulates sperm production in males Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH) Triggers ovulation Leutenizing hormone (LH) Stimulates growth of skeleton at epiphyseal plate Growth hormone (GH) Milk production Prolactin hormone (PRL) Prompts the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoid hormones Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) Prompts the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH) Initiates labor in pregnancy Oxytocin Ejection of milk from breast Oxytocin Stimulates kidney to reclaim water Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Darken skin pigmentation Melanocyte Stimulating hormone (MSH)
Matching. Match the letters from the corresponding questions below. Cranial nerve that extends into the abdomen CN X Glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX Vagus nerve CN X Olfactory nerve CN I Cranial nerve attached to the forebrain CN I Cranial nerve attached to the medulla CN VIII Trochlear nerve CN IV Facial nerve CN VII Cranial nerve attached to the pons CN VII Cranial nerve attached to the midbrain CN IV Vestibulocochlear nerve CN VIII
Matching. Match the letters from the corresponding questions below. Cranial nerve that extends into the abdomen CN X Glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX Vagus nerve CN X Olfactory nerve CN I Cranial nerve attached to the forebrain CN I Cranial nerve attached to the medulla CN VIII Trochlear nerve CN IV Facial nerve CN VII Cranial nerve attached to the pons CN VII Cranial nerve attached to the midbrain CN IV Vestibulocochlear nerve CN VIII
Matching. Match the letters from the corresponding questions below. Decrease Glucose concentration in the blood Insulin Increase Calcium concentration in the blood Parathormone Increase Glucose concentration in the blood Glucagon Decrease Calcium concentration in the blood Calcitonin Increases basal metabolic rate Thyroxine hormone Helps regulate the circadian rhythms Melatonin Helps the body deal with stressful situations such as anxiety and infection Cortisol Glucocorticoid Cortisol Mineraloco
Matching. Match the letters from the corresponding questions below. Decrease Glucose concentration in the blood Insulin Increase Calcium concentration in the blood Parathormone Increase Glucose concentration in the blood Glucagon Decrease Calcium concentration in the blood Calcitonin Increases basal metabolic rate Thyroxine hormone Helps regulate the circadian rhythms Melatonin Helps the body deal with stressful situations such as anxiety and infection Cortisol Glucocorticoid Cortisol Mineralocorticoid Aldosterone Conserves sodium ions in the kidney tubules thus increasing blood volume Aldosterone Secreted by the Zona glomerulosa of the Adrenal cortex Aldosterone Secreted by the Zona fasciculata and Zona reticularis of the Adrenal cortex Cortisol Promotes development of certain lymphocytes Thymosine Secreted by the Pineal gland Melatonin
Matching. Match the letters with the corresponding questions below. Cerebral aqueduct Midbrain Corpora quadrigemina Midbrain Cerebral peduncles Midbrain Inferior cerebellar peduncles Medulla oblongata CN V - VII Pons Red nucleus Midbrain Flocculonodular lobe Cerebellum Lateral ventricle Cerebrum Pineal gland Diencephalon
Matching. Match the letters with the corresponding questions below. Cerebral aqueduct Midbrain Corpora quadrigemina Midbrain Cerebral peduncles Midbrain Inferior cerebellar peduncles Medulla oblongata CN V - VII Pons Red nucleus Midbrain Flocculonodular lobe Cerebellum Lateral ventricle Cerebrum Pineal gland Diencephalon
Matching. Match the letters with the corresponding questions below. Cerebral aqueduct Midbrain Corpora quadrigemina Midbrain Cerebral peduncles Midbrain Inferior cerebellar peduncles Medulla oblongata CN V - VII Pons Red nucleus Midbrain Flocculonodular lobe Cerebellum Lateral ventricle Cerebrum Pineal gland Diencephalon
Matching. Match the letters with the corresponding questions below. Cerebral aqueduct Midbrain Corpora quadrigemina Midbrain Cerebral peduncles Midbrain Inferior cerebellar peduncles Medulla oblongata CN V - VII Pons Red nucleus Midbrain Flocculonodular lobe Cerebellum Lateral ventricle Cerebrum Pineal gland Diencephalon
Matching. Match the membranous labyrinth structures contains the crista ampullaris semicircular canal carries auditory information to the brain cochlear nerve gelatinous cap overlying hair cells of the crista ampullaris cupula grains of calcium carbonate in the maculae otoliths contains the spiral organ of Corti cochlear duct (scala media)
Matching. Match the membranous labyrinth structures contains the crista ampullaris semicircular canal carries auditory information to the brain cochlear nerve gelatinous cap overlying hair cells of the crista ampullaris cupula grains of calcium carbonate in the maculae otoliths contains the spiral organ of Corti cochlear duct (scala media)
Matching: Answers can be repeated CN III innervates the superior rectus muscle CN IV innervates the superior oblique muscle CN V mastication and sensation to the face CN VI innervates the lateral rectus muscle CN VIII hearing and balance CN IX innervation to the tongue and muscle CN X "wandering nerve", part of the parasympathetic nervous system CN XI stimulation of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle CN XII tongue movement CN II smell
Matching: Answers can be repeated CN III innervates the superior rectus muscle CN IV innervates the superior oblique muscle CN V mastication and sensation to the face CN VI innervates the lateral rectus muscle CN VIII hearing and balance CN IX innervation to the tongue and muscle CN X "wandering nerve", part of the parasympathetic nervous system CN XI stimulation of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle CN XII tongue movement CN II smell
The ear and the nasopharynx are connected by the pharyngotympanic tube, which connects the throat and (the)
Middle Ear
What organ produces: FSH and LH
Ovaries and Testes
Which hormone initiates labor in pregnancy or ejection of milk from breast? Leutenizing hormone Growth hormone Follicle Stimulating hormone Growth hormone Oxytocin Antidiuretic hormone
Oxytocin
Which sequence lists the cranial meninges in order from DEEP to SUPERFICIAL? pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater arachnoid, dura mater, pia mater
Pia, Arach, Dura
The cervical plexus is buried under Trapezius muscle Infrahyoid muscle Sternocleidomastoid muscle Deltoid muscle Latissimus dorsi muscle
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Which spinal nerves does not contribute to the Nerve Plexuses? C1 - C7 T1 - T6 T2 - T12 S1 - S4
T2 - T12
Which spinal nerves does not contribute to the Nerve Plexuses? C1 - C7 T1 - T6 T2 - T12 S1 - S4 S2 - C1
T2 - T12
What organ produces: TSH
Thyroid
Which Cranial nerve innervates the muscles of mastication (chewing)? Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus nerve Trigeminal nerve Accessory nerve Hypoglossal nerve
Trigeminal nerve
Which Cranial nerve innervates the Superior Oblique muscles of the eye? Glossopharyngeal nerve Occulomotor Trigeminal nerve Abducens Hypoglossal nerve Trochlear
Trochlear
Another name for the anterior lobe of the pituitary is hypophysis. neurohypophysis. pars intermedia. adenohypophysis. none of the above.
adenohypophysis
The __________ is firmly attached to the superior border of the kidney. adrenal gland pancreas stomach thyroid all of the above
adrenal gland
Where does the adult spinal cord end? immediately above the filum terminale at the tip of the conus medullaris usually at the level of vertebra L1 all of the above
all of the above
Which structure contains motor axons only? posterior root ganglion posterior root anterior root anterior gray horn
anterior root
The white matter of the cerebellum forms the folia. flocculonodular lobe. cerebral peduncle pyramid. arbor vitae. posterior lobe superior colliculi
arbor vitae
A long cell process extending from the neuron cell body is the axon. dendrite. Nissl body. mitochondrion. neuroglia.
axon
Cerebrospinal fluid circulates between the pia mater and the spinal cord between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater outside of the dura mater within tracts
between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater
Which nerve plexus gives rise to the musculocutaneous, axillary, ulnar, radial, and median nerves (MURAM)? brachial plexus cervical plexus coccygeal plexus lumbar plexus sacral plexus
brachial plexus
Which nerve plexus gives rise to the musculocutaneous, axillary, ulnar, radial, and median nerves? brachial plexus cervical plexus coccygeal plexus lumbar plexus sacral plexus
brachial plexus
Choose the best answer. From where do parasympathetic preganglionic neurons originate? brainstem thoracic and lumbar region of the spinal cord sacral region of the spinal cord brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord
brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord
Which hormone decreases the concentration of calcium ions in body fluids? parathyroid hormone triiodothyronine thymosin calcitonin thyroxin
calcitonin
Coordinating skeletal muscle movements and maintaining equilibrium are two of several important functions of the cerebrum cerebellum diencephalon mesencephalon
cerebellum
Outside, the ____________ is covered with folia (literally, "leaves"); inside, it has a "tree" of white matter. cerebellum pons cerebrum medulla oblongata midbrain diencephalon
cerebellum
Outside, the ____________ is covered with folia (literally, "leaves"); inside, it has a "tree" of white matter. cerebellum pons mesencephalon medulla oblongata
cerebellum
Branches of which plexuses innervate anterior neck muscles, the skin of the neck, and parts of the head and shoulders? cervical brachial lumbosacral all of the above
cervical
The four principal nerve plexuses are the cranial, cervical, brachial, and lumbosacral cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral brachial, lumbar, sacral, and pelvic
cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral
Which sequence lists the cranial meninges in order from superficial to deep? pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater arachnoid, dura mater, pia mater
dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater
Between the dura mater and the inner walls of the vertebrae is the subdural space epidural space subarachnoid space arachnoid
epidural space
The three main anatomical regions into which the ear is divided are
external ear, middle ear, and inner ear.
Which cranial nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression and several glands, and conducts gustatory impulses from the anterior part of the tongue? trigeminal facial glossopharyngeal hypoglossal
facial
Within the cauda equina is a thin strand of pia mater called the denticulate ligament posterior rootlet filum terminale conus medullaris
filum terminale
The primary function of the lens of the eye is to
focus the visual image on the retinal photoreceptors.
Sensory receptors of the ear are hair cells. Merkel cells. the tympanic membrane. the ossicles. none of the above.
hair cells
Damage to the cupula of the lateral semicircular duct would interfere with our perception of
horizontal rotation of the head.
Negative feedback on a releasing hormone by the presence of a peripheral hormone is an example of which type of endocrine reflex? hormonal humoral neural central inhibitory
hormonal
The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the hypothalamus. cerebral peduncle brain stem. pyramid thalamus. corpora quadrigemini
hypothalamus
The thyroid gland is located just anterior to the trachea. esophagus. larynx. heart. spinal column.
larynx
The cerebral hemispheres are separated by the central sulcus lateral sulcus longitudinal fissure parieto-occipital sulcus
longitudinal fissure
The auditory ossicle that attaches to the tympanic membrane is the incus. malleus. stapes. anvil. stirrup.
malleus
The most important hormone produced by the pineal gland is renin. erythropoietin. somatostatin. melatonin. none of the above.
melatonin
What are the three regions of the brainstem? cerebrum, diencephalon, and cerebellum pons, cerebellum, and mesencephalon diencephalon, mesencephalon, and metencephalon midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
Decreased levels of parathyroid hormone could result in muscle spasms. profuse urination. a depressed immune system. increased sweating. all of the above.
muscle spasms
The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is the same as the neurohypophysis pars distalis pars tuberalis pars intermedia
neurohypophysis
Gray matter consists of myelinated axons neuronal cell bodies and dendrites tracts none of the above
neuronal cell bodies and dendrites
Which cranial nerves innervate the extrinsic eye muscles (EOM's)? abducens, trigeminal, and trochlear olfactory, oculomotor, and hypoglossal trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, and oculomotor oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens
oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens
Which cranial nerves innervate the extrinsic eye muscles? abducens, trigeminal, and trochlear olfactory, oculomotor, and hypoglossal trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, and oculomotor oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens
oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens
Calcium carbonate crystals in the utricle and saccule are called maculae. otoliths. stones. statoconia. none of the above.
otoliths
Which hormone is not secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? Melanocyte Stimulating hormone Growth hormone Prolactin Oxytocin Follicle Stimulating hormone Leutenizing hormone Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
oxytocin
The ______ directly antagonizes the effect of calcitonin. thyroxine parathormone insulin glucocorticoid
parathormone
The external ear includes all of the following except the
pharyngotympanic tube.
The hormone melatonin is secreted from the _____ gland. pituitary pineal thyroid thymus
pineal
All of the following branch from the lumbar plexus except the femoral nerve obturator nerve sciatic nerve
sciatic nerve
All of the following branch from the lumbar plexus except the femoral nerve obturator nerve sciatic nerve none of the above
sciatic nerve
Within each intervertebral foramen, an anterior root and its corresponding posterior root unite to form a spinal nerve cranial nerve motor nerve sensory nerve
spinal nerve
Which cranial nerve innervates the muscles of mastication and provides sensory information from the face, mouth, and anterior scalp? trigeminal facial vagus hypoglossal
trigeminal
The auditory ossicles connect (the)
tympanic membrane to the oval window.
The ____________ nerve monitors sensations of balance and equilibrium as well as hearing. vestibulocochlear accessory trochlear vagus
vestibulocochlear
