Anatomy Lab 3

Which secondary curve of the vertebral column develops as a result of a child being able to hold up its head without support?

Cervical curvature

Which statements describe the false ribs?

They indirectly articulate with the sternum through shared costal cartilages. They articulate with the thoracic vertebrae.

The anterior, weight bearing part of each vertebra is known as the ______.

body

Which terms correctly describe the scapula?

broad, flat

The vertebrae that have small bodies, short bifid spinous processes, and transverse foramina within their transverse processes are called ______.

cervical

Transverse foramina are only found in ______.

cervical

The sternoclavicular joint is an articulation between the sternal end of the and the large flattened end of the sternum called the .

clavicle manubrium

The clavicular notches of the manubrium articulate with the ______.

clavicles

Which type of vertebrae start to fuse together shortly after puberty and are completely fused between ages 20 and 30?

sacral

In the sacral region of the vertebral column, the vertebral canal is known as the ______.

sacral canal

The glenoid cavity is a depression on which bone?

scapula

The cavity of the shoulder is ______, which permits a wide range of movement of the arm.

shallow

The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the girdle and the girdle.

shoulder, pelvic

The bony ridge on the posterior side of the scapula is called the .

spine

Which structural feature is absent in the first cervical vertebra, the atlas?

spinous process

What is the name of the palpable horizontal ridge formed by the articulation of the manubrium and body of the sternum commonly used as a landmark for the second rib?

sternal angle

The suprasternal notch is located on which part of the sternum?

manubrium

Which of the following are clavicular joints?

Acromioclavicular Sternoclavicular

Which two structures form the junction of the clavicle and scapula?

Acromion Acromial end

Which structure can be seen in a lateral view of the scapula?

Glenoid cavity

Which are bones of the appendicular skeleton?

Pelvic girdle Hand bones Leg bones Pectoral girdle

What are the functions of the pectoral girdle?

Promotes upper limb mobility Provide attachment sites for muscles

Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?

Provides vertical support for the body Houses and protects the spinal cord Helps to transfer axial skeletal weight to the lower limbs

Which structural feature of the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) allows it to be easily palpated through the skin of the shoulder blades and inferior to the neck?

Spinous process

Which structure of the vertebra is able to be palpated through the skin of the back?

Spinous processes

Which statement is correct?

The cervical region of the vertebral column contains 7 vertebrae.

Which are the primary curves present in the vertebral column of a newborn?

Thoracic curvature Sacral curvature

The spine of the scapula is continuous with the ______.

acromion

When do secondary curves of the vertebral column appear in an individual?

after birth

The humerus is a bone of the ______ skeleton.

appendicular

Each articular process of a vertebra has a smooth surface called a(n) ______.

articular facet

The main function of the coccyx is to act as a(n) ______.

attachment site for muscles and ligaments

Which feature of the sacrum marks the site of articulation with the os coxae of the pelvic girdle to form the sacroiliac joint?

auricular surface

the two divisions on the skeletal system are

axial and appendicular

The smaller and more anterior process of the scapula is the ______ process.

coracoid

The coccyx projects more inferiorly in ______.

females

The atlas is the name for the ______.

first cervical vertebra

Which structure can be seen in a lateral view of the scapula?

glenoid cavity

Which part of the rib articulates with the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae?

head

The sacral canal terminates in an inferior opening called the sacral _____, which represents an area where the laminae of the last sacral vertebra failed to fuse.

hiatus

Which scapular border is closest to the axilla?

lateral border

Which type of vertebrae have thick, oval shaped bodies, and short, thick, and blunt spinous processes?

lumber

The ________ curves are the thoracic and sacral curves.

primary

The costal facets or costal demifacets present on the thoracic vertebrae represent sites of articulation with bones called _____.

ribs

Which component of the thoracic cage consists of a manubrium, body, and xiphoid process?

sternum

The clavicle extends between the manubrium of the and the acromion of the .

sternum, scapula

The angle of the scapula is found between the superior and medial borders.

superior

Which border of the scapula is completely above the spine of the scapula?

superior

Which are borders of the scapula?

superior lateral medial

The ______ tubercle is near the superior edge of the glenoid cavity.

supraglenoid

Which vertebrae have long, pointed spinous processes and costal facets or costal demifacets representing sites of articulation with the ribs?

thoracic

The thoracic cage consists of the ______.

thoracic vertebrae, sternum, ribs

Which part of the axial skeleton acts as a protective framework around the vital organs of the thorax and provides attachment points for the muscles supporting the pectoral girdles?

thoriac

Which characteristic feature of sacral vertebrae represent the remnants of the horizontal lines of fusion between the five vertebrae?

transverse ridges

Vertebra C7 is also called the _____.

vertebra prominens

Supporting the weight of the head is a function of the adult ______.

vertebral column